92 files changed, 1984 insertions, 3100 deletions

diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 03f5be16b..141cc6088 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -1313,7 +1313,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "itertools 0.8.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ra_parser 0.1.0",
  "ra_text_edit 0.1.0",
- "rowan 0.5.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rowan 0.5.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "smol_str 0.1.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "test_utils 0.1.0",
  "unicode-xid 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -1584,11 +1584,11 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rowan"
-version = "0.5.5"
+version = "0.5.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "colosseum 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "parking_lot 0.8.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "parking_lot 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc-hash 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "smol_str 0.1.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "text_unit 0.1.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -2275,7 +2275,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 "checksum relative-path 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "0e7790c7f1cc73d831d28dc5a7deb316a006e7848e6a7f467cdb10a0a9e0fb1c"
 "checksum remove_dir_all 0.5.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "4a83fa3702a688b9359eccba92d153ac33fd2e8462f9e0e3fdf155239ea7792e"
 "checksum ron 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "17f52a24414403f81528b67488cf8edc4eda977d3af1646bb6b106a600ead78f"
-"checksum rowan 0.5.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "500ba7550373d42593a5228085bad391517378fa31ad2a84defe100dd8259fef"
+"checksum rowan 0.5.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "0c433ffe99ac9b96fa9882805d05eee5d750c9202fb42d0546c556e5d70d54be"
 "checksum rustc-demangle 0.1.15 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "a7f4dccf6f4891ebcc0c39f9b6eb1a83b9bf5d747cb439ec6fba4f3b977038af"
 "checksum rustc-hash 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "7540fc8b0c49f096ee9c961cda096467dce8084bec6bdca2fc83895fd9b28cb8"
 "checksum rustc_version 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "138e3e0acb6c9fb258b19b67cb8abd63c00679d2851805ea151465464fe9030a"
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/add_derive.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/add_derive.rs
index bf7d55d6d..f19196f53 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/add_derive.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/add_derive.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use crate::{Assist, AssistCtx, AssistId};
 
 pub(crate) fn add_derive(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist> {
     let nominal = ctx.node_at_offset::<ast::NominalDef>()?;
-    let node_start = derive_insertion_offset(nominal)?;
+    let node_start = derive_insertion_offset(&nominal)?;
     ctx.add_action(AssistId("add_derive"), "add `#[derive]`", |edit| {
         let derive_attr = nominal
             .attrs()
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/add_explicit_type.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/add_explicit_type.rs
index bb47a32f0..a69cfc8e3 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/add_explicit_type.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/add_explicit_type.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ pub(crate) fn add_explicit_type(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<
     // Infer type
     let db = ctx.db;
     let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, ctx.frange.file_id, stmt.syntax(), None);
-    let ty = analyzer.type_of(db, expr)?;
+    let ty = analyzer.type_of(db, &expr)?;
     // Assist not applicable if the type is unknown
     if is_unknown(&ty) {
         return None;
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/add_impl.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/add_impl.rs
index b81922c1d..cebc19539 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/add_impl.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/add_impl.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ pub(crate) fn add_impl(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist> {
         let start_offset = nominal.syntax().range().end();
         let mut buf = String::new();
         buf.push_str("\n\nimpl");
-        if let Some(type_params) = type_params {
+        if let Some(type_params) = &type_params {
             type_params.syntax().text().push_to(&mut buf);
         }
         buf.push_str(" ");
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ pub(crate) fn add_impl(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist> {
             let lifetime_params = type_params
                 .lifetime_params()
                 .filter_map(|it| it.lifetime_token())
-                .map(|it| it.text());
+                .map(|it| it.text().clone());
             let type_params =
-                type_params.type_params().filter_map(|it| it.name()).map(|it| it.text());
+                type_params.type_params().filter_map(|it| it.name()).map(|it| it.text().clone());
             join(lifetime_params.chain(type_params)).surround_with("<", ">").to_buf(&mut buf);
         }
         buf.push_str(" {\n");
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/add_missing_impl_members.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/add_missing_impl_members.rs
index 6ffdad0b1..b992a4dc8 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/add_missing_impl_members.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/add_missing_impl_members.rs
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ use crate::{
 
 use hir::{db::HirDatabase, HasSource};
 use ra_db::FilePosition;
-use ra_syntax::ast::{self, AstNode, ImplItem, ImplItemKind, NameOwner};
-use ra_syntax::{SmolStr, TreeArc};
+use ra_syntax::ast::{self, AstNode, ImplItemKind, NameOwner};
+use ra_syntax::SmolStr;
 
 #[derive(PartialEq)]
 enum AddMissingImplMembersMode {
@@ -46,16 +46,16 @@ fn add_missing_impl_members_inner(
         let position = FilePosition { file_id, offset: impl_node.syntax().range().start() };
         let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(ctx.db, position.file_id, impl_node.syntax(), None);
 
-        resolve_target_trait_def(ctx.db, &analyzer, impl_node)?
+        resolve_target_trait_def(ctx.db, &analyzer, &impl_node)?
     };
 
-    let def_name = |kind| -> Option<&SmolStr> {
+    let def_name = |kind| -> Option<SmolStr> {
         match kind {
-            ImplItemKind::FnDef(def) => def.name(),
-            ImplItemKind::TypeAliasDef(def) => def.name(),
-            ImplItemKind::ConstDef(def) => def.name(),
+            ast::ImplItemKind::FnDef(def) => def.name(),
+            ast::ImplItemKind::TypeAliasDef(def) => def.name(),
+            ast::ImplItemKind::ConstDef(def) => def.name(),
         }
-        .map(ast::Name::text)
+        .map(|it| it.text().clone())
     };
 
     let trait_items = trait_def.item_list()?.impl_items();
@@ -78,18 +78,13 @@ fn add_missing_impl_members_inner(
 
     ctx.add_action(AssistId(assist_id), label, |edit| {
         let n_existing_items = impl_item_list.impl_items().count();
-        let items: Vec<_> = missing_items
-            .into_iter()
-            .map(|it| match it.kind() {
-                ImplItemKind::FnDef(def) => {
-                    strip_docstring(ImplItem::cast(add_body(def).syntax()).unwrap())
-                }
-                _ => strip_docstring(it),
-            })
-            .collect();
+        let items = missing_items.into_iter().map(|it| match it.kind() {
+            ImplItemKind::FnDef(def) => strip_docstring(add_body(def).into()),
+            _ => strip_docstring(it),
+        });
         let mut ast_editor = AstEditor::new(impl_item_list);
 
-        ast_editor.append_items(items.iter().map(|it| &**it));
+        ast_editor.append_items(items);
 
         let first_new_item = ast_editor.ast().impl_items().nth(n_existing_items).unwrap();
         let cursor_position = first_new_item.syntax().range().start();
@@ -101,14 +96,14 @@ fn add_missing_impl_members_inner(
     ctx.build()
 }
 
-fn strip_docstring(item: &ast::ImplItem) -> TreeArc<ast::ImplItem> {
+fn strip_docstring(item: ast::ImplItem) -> ast::ImplItem {
     let mut ast_editor = AstEditor::new(item);
     ast_editor.strip_attrs_and_docs();
     ast_editor.ast().to_owned()
 }
 
-fn add_body(fn_def: &ast::FnDef) -> TreeArc<ast::FnDef> {
-    let mut ast_editor = AstEditor::new(fn_def);
+fn add_body(fn_def: ast::FnDef) -> ast::FnDef {
+    let mut ast_editor = AstEditor::new(fn_def.clone());
     if fn_def.body().is_none() {
         ast_editor.set_body(&AstBuilder::<ast::Block>::single_expr(
             &AstBuilder::<ast::Expr>::unimplemented(),
@@ -123,9 +118,12 @@ fn resolve_target_trait_def(
     db: &impl HirDatabase,
     analyzer: &hir::SourceAnalyzer,
     impl_block: &ast::ImplBlock,
-) -> Option<TreeArc<ast::TraitDef>> {
-    let ast_path =
-        impl_block.target_trait().map(AstNode::syntax).and_then(ast::PathType::cast)?.path()?;
+) -> Option<ast::TraitDef> {
+    let ast_path = impl_block
+        .target_trait()
+        .map(|it| it.syntax().clone())
+        .and_then(ast::PathType::cast)?
+        .path()?;
 
     match analyzer.resolve_path(db, &ast_path) {
         Some(hir::PathResolution::Def(hir::ModuleDef::Trait(def))) => Some(def.source(db).ast),
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/assist_ctx.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/assist_ctx.rs
index 34b207154..e52085f85 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/assist_ctx.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/assist_ctx.rs
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ pub(crate) enum Assist {
 pub(crate) struct AssistCtx<'a, DB> {
     pub(crate) db: &'a DB,
     pub(crate) frange: FileRange,
-    source_file: &'a SourceFile,
+    source_file: SourceFile,
     should_compute_edit: bool,
     assist: Assist,
 }
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ impl<'a, DB> Clone for AssistCtx<'a, DB> {
         AssistCtx {
             db: self.db,
             frange: self.frange,
-            source_file: self.source_file,
+            source_file: self.source_file.clone(),
             should_compute_edit: self.should_compute_edit,
             assist: self.assist.clone(),
         }
@@ -104,18 +104,18 @@ impl<'a, DB: HirDatabase> AssistCtx<'a, DB> {
         Some(self.assist)
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn token_at_offset(&self) -> TokenAtOffset<SyntaxToken<'a>> {
+    pub(crate) fn token_at_offset(&self) -> TokenAtOffset<SyntaxToken> {
         find_token_at_offset(self.source_file.syntax(), self.frange.range.start())
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn node_at_offset<N: AstNode>(&self) -> Option<&'a N> {
+    pub(crate) fn node_at_offset<N: AstNode>(&self) -> Option<N> {
         find_node_at_offset(self.source_file.syntax(), self.frange.range.start())
     }
-    pub(crate) fn covering_element(&self) -> SyntaxElement<'a> {
+    pub(crate) fn covering_element(&self) -> SyntaxElement {
         find_covering_element(self.source_file.syntax(), self.frange.range)
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn covering_node_for_range(&self, range: TextRange) -> SyntaxElement<'a> {
+    pub(crate) fn covering_node_for_range(&self, range: TextRange) -> SyntaxElement {
         find_covering_element(self.source_file.syntax(), range)
     }
 }
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ impl AssistBuilder {
     ) {
         let mut replace_with = replace_with.into();
         if let Some(indent) = leading_indent(node) {
-            replace_with = reindent(&replace_with, indent)
+            replace_with = reindent(&replace_with, &indent)
         }
         self.replace(node.range(), replace_with)
     }
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/ast_editor.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/ast_editor.rs
index 7b743c9f0..5fbcadfee 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/ast_editor.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/ast_editor.rs
@@ -4,18 +4,18 @@ use arrayvec::ArrayVec;
 use hir::Name;
 use ra_fmt::leading_indent;
 use ra_syntax::{
-    ast, AstNode, Direction, InsertPosition, SourceFile, SyntaxElement, SyntaxKind::*, TreeArc, T,
+    ast, AstNode, Direction, InsertPosition, SourceFile, SyntaxElement, SyntaxKind::*, T,
 };
 use ra_text_edit::TextEditBuilder;
 
 pub struct AstEditor<N: AstNode> {
-    original_ast: TreeArc<N>,
-    ast: TreeArc<N>,
+    original_ast: N,
+    ast: N,
 }
 
 impl<N: AstNode> AstEditor<N> {
-    pub fn new(node: &N) -> AstEditor<N> {
-        AstEditor { original_ast: node.to_owned(), ast: node.to_owned() }
+    pub fn new(node: N) -> AstEditor<N> {
+        AstEditor { original_ast: node.clone(), ast: node }
     }
 
     pub fn into_text_edit(self, builder: &mut TextEditBuilder) {
@@ -26,27 +26,27 @@ impl<N: AstNode> AstEditor<N> {
     }
 
     pub fn ast(&self) -> &N {
-        &*self.ast
+        &self.ast
     }
 
     #[must_use]
-    fn insert_children<'a>(
+    fn insert_children(
         &self,
-        position: InsertPosition<SyntaxElement<'_>>,
-        to_insert: impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxElement<'a>>,
-    ) -> TreeArc<N> {
+        position: InsertPosition<SyntaxElement>,
+        to_insert: impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxElement>,
+    ) -> N {
         let new_syntax = self.ast().syntax().insert_children(position, to_insert);
-        N::cast(&new_syntax).unwrap().to_owned()
+        N::cast(new_syntax).unwrap()
     }
 
     #[must_use]
-    fn replace_children<'a>(
+    fn replace_children(
         &self,
-        to_delete: RangeInclusive<SyntaxElement<'_>>,
-        to_insert: impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxElement<'a>>,
-    ) -> TreeArc<N> {
+        to_delete: RangeInclusive<SyntaxElement>,
+        to_insert: impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxElement>,
+    ) -> N {
         let new_syntax = self.ast().syntax().replace_children(to_delete, to_insert);
-        N::cast(&new_syntax).unwrap().to_owned()
+        N::cast(new_syntax).unwrap()
     }
 
     fn do_make_multiline(&mut self) {
@@ -66,16 +66,18 @@ impl<N: AstNode> AstEditor<N> {
                 if ws.text().contains('\n') {
                     return;
                 }
-                Some(ws)
+                Some(ws.clone())
             }
         };
 
-        let indent = leading_indent(self.ast().syntax()).unwrap_or("");
+        let indent = leading_indent(self.ast().syntax()).unwrap_or("".into());
         let ws = tokens::WsBuilder::new(&format!("\n{}", indent));
         let to_insert = iter::once(ws.ws().into());
         self.ast = match existing_ws {
             None => self.insert_children(InsertPosition::After(l_curly), to_insert),
-            Some(ws) => self.replace_children(RangeInclusive::new(ws.into(), ws.into()), to_insert),
+            Some(ws) => {
+                self.replace_children(RangeInclusive::new(ws.clone().into(), ws.into()), to_insert)
+            }
         };
     }
 }
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ impl AstEditor<ast::NamedFieldList> {
         let space = if is_multiline {
             ws = tokens::WsBuilder::new(&format!(
                 "\n{}    ",
-                leading_indent(self.ast().syntax()).unwrap_or("")
+                leading_indent(self.ast().syntax()).unwrap_or("".into())
             ));
             ws.ws()
         } else {
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ impl AstEditor<ast::NamedFieldList> {
 
         let mut to_insert: ArrayVec<[SyntaxElement; 4]> = ArrayVec::new();
         to_insert.push(space.into());
-        to_insert.push(field.syntax().into());
+        to_insert.push(field.syntax().clone().into());
         to_insert.push(tokens::comma().into());
 
         macro_rules! after_l_curly {
@@ -127,7 +129,7 @@ impl AstEditor<ast::NamedFieldList> {
                     InsertPosition::After(comma)
                 } else {
                     to_insert.insert(0, tokens::comma().into());
-                    InsertPosition::After($anchor.syntax().into())
+                    InsertPosition::After($anchor.syntax().clone().into())
                 }
             };
         };
@@ -144,7 +146,9 @@ impl AstEditor<ast::NamedFieldList> {
                     None => after_l_curly!(),
                 }
             }
-            InsertPosition::Before(anchor) => InsertPosition::Before(anchor.syntax().into()),
+            InsertPosition::Before(anchor) => {
+                InsertPosition::Before(anchor.syntax().clone().into())
+            }
             InsertPosition::After(anchor) => after_field!(anchor),
         };
 
@@ -157,7 +161,7 @@ impl AstEditor<ast::NamedFieldList> {
 }
 
 impl AstEditor<ast::ItemList> {
-    pub fn append_items<'a>(&mut self, items: impl Iterator<Item = &'a ast::ImplItem>) {
+    pub fn append_items(&mut self, items: impl Iterator<Item = ast::ImplItem>) {
         let n_existing_items = self.ast().impl_items().count();
         if n_existing_items == 0 {
             self.do_make_multiline();
@@ -165,22 +169,23 @@ impl AstEditor<ast::ItemList> {
         items.for_each(|it| self.append_item(it));
     }
 
-    pub fn append_item(&mut self, item: &ast::ImplItem) {
+    pub fn append_item(&mut self, item: ast::ImplItem) {
         let (indent, position) = match self.ast().impl_items().last() {
             Some(it) => (
-                leading_indent(it.syntax()).unwrap_or("").to_string(),
-                InsertPosition::After(it.syntax().into()),
+                leading_indent(it.syntax()).unwrap_or_default().to_string(),
+                InsertPosition::After(it.syntax().clone().into()),
             ),
             None => match self.l_curly() {
                 Some(it) => (
-                    "    ".to_string() + leading_indent(self.ast().syntax()).unwrap_or(""),
+                    "    ".to_string() + &leading_indent(self.ast().syntax()).unwrap_or_default(),
                     InsertPosition::After(it),
                 ),
                 None => return,
             },
         };
         let ws = tokens::WsBuilder::new(&format!("\n{}", indent));
-        let to_insert: ArrayVec<[SyntaxElement; 2]> = [ws.ws().into(), item.syntax().into()].into();
+        let to_insert: ArrayVec<[SyntaxElement; 2]> =
+            [ws.ws().into(), item.syntax().clone().into()].into();
         self.ast = self.insert_children(position, to_insert.into_iter());
     }
 
@@ -197,9 +202,9 @@ impl AstEditor<ast::ImplItem> {
             .children_with_tokens()
             .find(|it| it.kind() == ATTR || it.kind() == COMMENT)
         {
-            let end = match start.next_sibling_or_token() {
-                Some(el) if el.kind() == WHITESPACE => el,
-                Some(_) | None => start,
+            let end = match &start.next_sibling_or_token() {
+                Some(el) if el.kind() == WHITESPACE => el.clone(),
+                Some(_) | None => start.clone(),
             };
             self.ast = self.replace_children(RangeInclusive::new(start, end), iter::empty());
         }
@@ -210,18 +215,18 @@ impl AstEditor<ast::FnDef> {
     pub fn set_body(&mut self, body: &ast::Block) {
         let mut to_insert: ArrayVec<[SyntaxElement; 2]> = ArrayVec::new();
         let old_body_or_semi: SyntaxElement = if let Some(old_body) = self.ast().body() {
-            old_body.syntax().into()
+            old_body.syntax().clone().into()
         } else if let Some(semi) = self.ast().semicolon_token() {
             to_insert.push(tokens::single_space().into());
             semi.into()
         } else {
             to_insert.push(tokens::single_space().into());
-            to_insert.push(body.syntax().into());
+            to_insert.push(body.syntax().clone().into());
             self.ast = self.insert_children(InsertPosition::Last, to_insert.into_iter());
             return;
         };
-        to_insert.push(body.syntax().into());
-        let replace_range = RangeInclusive::new(old_body_or_semi, old_body_or_semi);
+        to_insert.push(body.syntax().clone().into());
+        let replace_range = RangeInclusive::new(old_body_or_semi.clone(), old_body_or_semi);
         self.ast = self.replace_children(replace_range, to_insert.into_iter())
     }
 }
@@ -231,15 +236,15 @@ pub struct AstBuilder<N: AstNode> {
 }
 
 impl AstBuilder<ast::NamedField> {
-    pub fn from_name(name: &Name) -> TreeArc<ast::NamedField> {
+    pub fn from_name(name: &Name) -> ast::NamedField {
         ast_node_from_file_text(&format!("fn f() {{ S {{ {}: (), }} }}", name))
     }
 
-    fn from_text(text: &str) -> TreeArc<ast::NamedField> {
+    fn from_text(text: &str) -> ast::NamedField {
         ast_node_from_file_text(&format!("fn f() {{ S {{ {}, }} }}", text))
     }
 
-    pub fn from_pieces(name: &ast::NameRef, expr: Option<&ast::Expr>) -> TreeArc<ast::NamedField> {
+    pub fn from_pieces(name: &ast::NameRef, expr: Option<&ast::Expr>) -> ast::NamedField {
         match expr {
             Some(expr) => Self::from_text(&format!("{}: {}", name.syntax(), expr.syntax())),
             None => Self::from_text(&name.syntax().to_string()),
@@ -248,36 +253,36 @@ impl AstBuilder<ast::NamedField> {
 }
 
 impl AstBuilder<ast::Block> {
-    fn from_text(text: &str) -> TreeArc<ast::Block> {
+    fn from_text(text: &str) -> ast::Block {
         ast_node_from_file_text(&format!("fn f() {}", text))
     }
 
-    pub fn single_expr(e: &ast::Expr) -> TreeArc<ast::Block> {
+    pub fn single_expr(e: &ast::Expr) -> ast::Block {
         Self::from_text(&format!("{{ {} }}", e.syntax()))
     }
 }
 
 impl AstBuilder<ast::Expr> {
-    fn from_text(text: &str) -> TreeArc<ast::Expr> {
+    fn from_text(text: &str) -> ast::Expr {
         ast_node_from_file_text(&format!("fn f() {{ {}; }}", text))
     }
 
-    pub fn unit() -> TreeArc<ast::Expr> {
+    pub fn unit() -> ast::Expr {
         Self::from_text("()")
     }
 
-    pub fn unimplemented() -> TreeArc<ast::Expr> {
+    pub fn unimplemented() -> ast::Expr {
         Self::from_text("unimplemented!()")
     }
 }
 
 impl AstBuilder<ast::NameRef> {
-    pub fn new(text: &str) -> TreeArc<ast::NameRef> {
+    pub fn new(text: &str) -> ast::NameRef {
         ast_node_from_file_text(&format!("fn f() {{ {}; }}", text))
     }
 }
 
-fn ast_node_from_file_text<N: AstNode>(text: &str) -> TreeArc<N> {
+fn ast_node_from_file_text<N: AstNode>(text: &str) -> N {
     let parse = SourceFile::parse(text);
     let res = parse.tree().syntax().descendants().find_map(N::cast).unwrap().to_owned();
     res
@@ -285,47 +290,49 @@ fn ast_node_from_file_text<N: AstNode>(text: &str) -> TreeArc<N> {
 
 mod tokens {
     use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
-    use ra_syntax::{AstNode, SourceFile, SyntaxKind::*, SyntaxToken, TreeArc, T};
+    use ra_syntax::{AstNode, Parse, SourceFile, SyntaxKind::*, SyntaxToken, T};
 
-    static SOURCE_FILE: Lazy<TreeArc<SourceFile>> =
-        Lazy::new(|| SourceFile::parse(",\n; ;").tree().to_owned());
+    static SOURCE_FILE: Lazy<Parse<SourceFile>> = Lazy::new(|| SourceFile::parse(",\n; ;"));
 
-    pub(crate) fn comma() -> SyntaxToken<'static> {
+    pub(crate) fn comma() -> SyntaxToken {
         SOURCE_FILE
+            .tree()
             .syntax()
             .descendants_with_tokens()
-            .filter_map(|it| it.as_token())
+            .filter_map(|it| it.as_token().cloned())
             .find(|it| it.kind() == T![,])
             .unwrap()
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn single_space() -> SyntaxToken<'static> {
+    pub(crate) fn single_space() -> SyntaxToken {
         SOURCE_FILE
+            .tree()
             .syntax()
             .descendants_with_tokens()
-            .filter_map(|it| it.as_token())
+            .filter_map(|it| it.as_token().cloned())
             .find(|it| it.kind() == WHITESPACE && it.text().as_str() == " ")
             .unwrap()
     }
 
     #[allow(unused)]
-    pub(crate) fn single_newline() -> SyntaxToken<'static> {
+    pub(crate) fn single_newline() -> SyntaxToken {
         SOURCE_FILE
+            .tree()
             .syntax()
             .descendants_with_tokens()
-            .filter_map(|it| it.as_token())
+            .filter_map(|it| it.as_token().cloned())
             .find(|it| it.kind() == WHITESPACE && it.text().as_str() == "\n")
             .unwrap()
     }
 
-    pub(crate) struct WsBuilder(TreeArc<SourceFile>);
+    pub(crate) struct WsBuilder(SourceFile);
 
     impl WsBuilder {
         pub(crate) fn new(text: &str) -> WsBuilder {
             WsBuilder(SourceFile::parse(text).ok().unwrap())
         }
-        pub(crate) fn ws(&self) -> SyntaxToken<'_> {
-            self.0.syntax().first_child_or_token().unwrap().as_token().unwrap()
+        pub(crate) fn ws(&self) -> SyntaxToken {
+            self.0.syntax().first_child_or_token().unwrap().as_token().cloned().unwrap()
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/auto_import.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/auto_import.rs
index f8f37e852..0eb4bdb62 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/auto_import.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/auto_import.rs
@@ -12,25 +12,25 @@ use ra_syntax::{
     SyntaxNode, TextRange, T,
 };
 
-fn collect_path_segments_raw<'a>(
-    segments: &mut Vec<&'a ast::PathSegment>,
-    mut path: &'a ast::Path,
+fn collect_path_segments_raw(
+    segments: &mut Vec<ast::PathSegment>,
+    mut path: ast::Path,
 ) -> Option<usize> {
     let oldlen = segments.len();
     loop {
         let mut children = path.syntax().children_with_tokens();
         let (first, second, third) = (
-            children.next().map(|n| (n, n.kind())),
-            children.next().map(|n| (n, n.kind())),
-            children.next().map(|n| (n, n.kind())),
+            children.next().map(|n| (n.clone(), n.kind())),
+            children.next().map(|n| (n.clone(), n.kind())),
+            children.next().map(|n| (n.clone(), n.kind())),
         );
         match (first, second, third) {
             (Some((subpath, PATH)), Some((_, T![::])), Some((segment, PATH_SEGMENT))) => {
-                path = ast::Path::cast(subpath.as_node()?)?;
-                segments.push(ast::PathSegment::cast(segment.as_node()?)?);
+                path = ast::Path::cast(subpath.as_node()?.clone())?;
+                segments.push(ast::PathSegment::cast(segment.as_node()?.clone())?);
             }
             (Some((segment, PATH_SEGMENT)), _, _) => {
-                segments.push(ast::PathSegment::cast(segment.as_node()?)?);
+                segments.push(ast::PathSegment::cast(segment.as_node()?.clone())?);
                 break;
             }
             (_, _, _) => return None,
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ fn fmt_segments_raw(segments: &[SmolStr], buf: &mut String) {
 }
 
 // Returns the numeber of common segments.
-fn compare_path_segments(left: &[SmolStr], right: &[&ast::PathSegment]) -> usize {
+fn compare_path_segments(left: &[SmolStr], right: &[ast::PathSegment]) -> usize {
     left.iter().zip(right).filter(|(l, r)| compare_path_segment(l, r)).count()
 }
 
@@ -81,12 +81,12 @@ fn compare_path_segment_with_name(a: &SmolStr, b: &ast::Name) -> bool {
     a == b.text()
 }
 
-#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
-enum ImportAction<'a> {
+#[derive(Clone)]
+enum ImportAction {
     Nothing,
     // Add a brand new use statement.
     AddNewUse {
-        anchor: Option<&'a SyntaxNode>, // anchor node
+        anchor: Option<SyntaxNode>, // anchor node
         add_after_anchor: bool,
     },
 
@@ -94,9 +94,9 @@ enum ImportAction<'a> {
     AddNestedImport {
         // how may segments matched with the target path
         common_segments: usize,
-        path_to_split: &'a ast::Path,
+        path_to_split: ast::Path,
         // the first segment of path_to_split we want to add into the new nested list
-        first_segment_to_split: Option<&'a ast::PathSegment>,
+        first_segment_to_split: Option<ast::PathSegment>,
         // Wether to add 'self' in addition to the target path
         add_self: bool,
     },
@@ -104,20 +104,20 @@ enum ImportAction<'a> {
     AddInTreeList {
         common_segments: usize,
         // The UseTreeList where to add the target path
-        tree_list: &'a ast::UseTreeList,
+        tree_list: ast::UseTreeList,
         add_self: bool,
     },
 }
 
-impl<'a> ImportAction<'a> {
-    fn add_new_use(anchor: Option<&'a SyntaxNode>, add_after_anchor: bool) -> Self {
+impl ImportAction {
+    fn add_new_use(anchor: Option<SyntaxNode>, add_after_anchor: bool) -> Self {
         ImportAction::AddNewUse { anchor, add_after_anchor }
     }
 
     fn add_nested_import(
         common_segments: usize,
-        path_to_split: &'a ast::Path,
-        first_segment_to_split: Option<&'a ast::PathSegment>,
+        path_to_split: ast::Path,
+        first_segment_to_split: Option<ast::PathSegment>,
         add_self: bool,
     ) -> Self {
         ImportAction::AddNestedImport {
@@ -130,14 +130,14 @@ impl<'a> ImportAction<'a> {
 
     fn add_in_tree_list(
         common_segments: usize,
-        tree_list: &'a ast::UseTreeList,
+        tree_list: ast::UseTreeList,
         add_self: bool,
     ) -> Self {
         ImportAction::AddInTreeList { common_segments, tree_list, add_self }
     }
 
-    fn better<'b>(left: &'b ImportAction<'a>, right: &'b ImportAction<'a>) -> &'b ImportAction<'a> {
-        if left.is_better(right) {
+    fn better(left: ImportAction, right: ImportAction) -> ImportAction {
+        if left.is_better(&right) {
             left
         } else {
             right
@@ -166,12 +166,12 @@ impl<'a> ImportAction<'a> {
 
 // Find out the best ImportAction to import target path against current_use_tree.
 // If current_use_tree has a nested import the function gets called recursively on every UseTree inside a UseTreeList.
-fn walk_use_tree_for_best_action<'a>(
-    current_path_segments: &mut Vec<&'a ast::PathSegment>, // buffer containing path segments
-    current_parent_use_tree_list: Option<&'a ast::UseTreeList>, // will be Some value if we are in a nested import
-    current_use_tree: &'a ast::UseTree, // the use tree we are currently examinating
-    target: &[SmolStr],                 // the path we want to import
-) -> ImportAction<'a> {
+fn walk_use_tree_for_best_action(
+    current_path_segments: &mut Vec<ast::PathSegment>, // buffer containing path segments
+    current_parent_use_tree_list: Option<ast::UseTreeList>, // will be Some value if we are in a nested import
+    current_use_tree: ast::UseTree, // the use tree we are currently examinating
+    target: &[SmolStr],             // the path we want to import
+) -> ImportAction {
     // We save the number of segments in the buffer so we can restore the correct segments
     // before returning. Recursive call will add segments so we need to delete them.
     let prev_len = current_path_segments.len();
@@ -188,32 +188,36 @@ fn walk_use_tree_for_best_action<'a>(
                     .syntax()
                     .ancestors()
                     .find_map(ast::UseItem::cast)
-                    .map(AstNode::syntax),
+                    .map(|it| it.syntax().clone()),
                 true,
             );
         }
     };
 
     // This can happen only if current_use_tree is a direct child of a UseItem
-    if let Some(name) = alias.and_then(ast::NameOwner::name) {
-        if compare_path_segment_with_name(&target[0], name) {
+    if let Some(name) = alias.and_then(|it| it.name()) {
+        if compare_path_segment_with_name(&target[0], &name) {
             return ImportAction::Nothing;
         }
     }
 
-    collect_path_segments_raw(current_path_segments, path);
+    collect_path_segments_raw(current_path_segments, path.clone());
 
     // We compare only the new segments added in the line just above.
     // The first prev_len segments were already compared in 'parent' recursive calls.
     let left = target.split_at(prev_len).1;
     let right = current_path_segments.split_at(prev_len).1;
-    let common = compare_path_segments(left, right);
+    let common = compare_path_segments(left, &right);
     let mut action = match common {
         0 => ImportAction::add_new_use(
             // e.g: target is std::fmt and we can have
             // use foo::bar
             // We add a brand new use statement
-            current_use_tree.syntax().ancestors().find_map(ast::UseItem::cast).map(AstNode::syntax),
+            current_use_tree
+                .syntax()
+                .ancestors()
+                .find_map(ast::UseItem::cast)
+                .map(|it| it.syntax().clone()),
             true,
         ),
         common if common == left.len() && left.len() == right.len() => {
@@ -223,9 +227,9 @@ fn walk_use_tree_for_best_action<'a>(
             if let Some(list) = tree_list {
                 // In case 2 we need to add self to the nested list
                 // unless it's already there
-                let has_self = list.use_trees().map(ast::UseTree::path).any(|p| {
-                    p.and_then(ast::Path::segment)
-                        .and_then(ast::PathSegment::kind)
+                let has_self = list.use_trees().map(|it| it.path()).any(|p| {
+                    p.and_then(|it| it.segment())
+                        .and_then(|it| it.kind())
                         .filter(|k| *k == ast::PathSegmentKind::SelfKw)
                         .is_some()
                 });
@@ -248,7 +252,7 @@ fn walk_use_tree_for_best_action<'a>(
             ImportAction::add_nested_import(
                 prev_len + common,
                 path,
-                Some(segments_to_split[0]),
+                Some(segments_to_split[0].clone()),
                 false,
             )
         }
@@ -263,14 +267,18 @@ fn walk_use_tree_for_best_action<'a>(
                     .syntax()
                     .ancestors()
                     .find_map(ast::UseItem::cast)
-                    .map(AstNode::syntax),
+                    .map(|it| it.syntax().clone()),
                 true,
             );
             if let Some(list) = tree_list {
                 // Case 2, check recursively if the path is already imported in the nested list
                 for u in list.use_trees() {
-                    let child_action =
-                        walk_use_tree_for_best_action(current_path_segments, Some(list), u, target);
+                    let child_action = walk_use_tree_for_best_action(
+                        current_path_segments,
+                        Some(list.clone()),
+                        u,
+                        target,
+                    );
                     if child_action.is_better(&better_action) {
                         better_action = child_action;
                         if let ImportAction::Nothing = better_action {
@@ -291,7 +299,7 @@ fn walk_use_tree_for_best_action<'a>(
             ImportAction::add_nested_import(
                 prev_len + common,
                 path,
-                Some(segments_to_split[0]),
+                Some(segments_to_split[0].clone()),
                 true,
             )
         }
@@ -302,7 +310,7 @@ fn walk_use_tree_for_best_action<'a>(
             ImportAction::add_nested_import(
                 prev_len + common,
                 path,
-                Some(segments_to_split[0]),
+                Some(segments_to_split[0].clone()),
                 false,
             )
         }
@@ -311,7 +319,7 @@ fn walk_use_tree_for_best_action<'a>(
 
     // If we are inside a UseTreeList adding a use statement become adding to the existing
     // tree list.
-    action = match (current_parent_use_tree_list, action) {
+    action = match (current_parent_use_tree_list, action.clone()) {
         (Some(use_tree_list), ImportAction::AddNewUse { .. }) => {
             ImportAction::add_in_tree_list(prev_len, use_tree_list, false)
         }
@@ -323,19 +331,20 @@ fn walk_use_tree_for_best_action<'a>(
     action
 }
 
-fn best_action_for_target<'b, 'a: 'b>(
-    container: &'a SyntaxNode,
-    anchor: &'a SyntaxNode,
-    target: &'b [SmolStr],
-) -> ImportAction<'a> {
+fn best_action_for_target(
+    container: SyntaxNode,
+    anchor: SyntaxNode,
+    target: &[SmolStr],
+) -> ImportAction {
     let mut storage = Vec::with_capacity(16); // this should be the only allocation
     let best_action = container
         .children()
         .filter_map(ast::UseItem::cast)
-        .filter_map(ast::UseItem::use_tree)
+        .filter_map(|it| it.use_tree())
         .map(|u| walk_use_tree_for_best_action(&mut storage, None, u, target))
-        .fold(None, |best, a| {
-            best.and_then(|best| Some(*ImportAction::better(&best, &a))).or_else(|| Some(a))
+        .fold(None, |best, a| match best {
+            Some(best) => Some(ImportAction::better(best, a)),
+            None => Some(a),
         });
 
     match best_action {
@@ -386,7 +395,7 @@ fn make_assist(action: &ImportAction, target: &[SmolStr], edit: &mut TextEditBui
 }
 
 fn make_assist_add_new_use(
-    anchor: &Option<&SyntaxNode>,
+    anchor: &Option<SyntaxNode>,
     after: bool,
     target: &[SmolStr],
     edit: &mut TextEditBuilder,
@@ -396,7 +405,7 @@ fn make_assist_add_new_use(
         let mut buf = String::new();
         if after {
             buf.push_str("\n");
-            if let Some(spaces) = indent {
+            if let Some(spaces) = &indent {
                 buf.push_str(spaces);
             }
         }
@@ -405,8 +414,8 @@ fn make_assist_add_new_use(
         buf.push_str(";");
         if !after {
             buf.push_str("\n\n");
-            if let Some(spaces) = indent {
-                buf.push_str(spaces);
+            if let Some(spaces) = &indent {
+                buf.push_str(&spaces);
             }
         }
         let position = if after { anchor.range().end() } else { anchor.range().start() };
@@ -444,7 +453,7 @@ fn make_assist_add_in_tree_list(
 
 fn make_assist_add_nested_import(
     path: &ast::Path,
-    first_segment_to_split: &Option<&ast::PathSegment>,
+    first_segment_to_split: &Option<ast::PathSegment>,
     target: &[SmolStr],
     add_self: bool,
     edit: &mut TextEditBuilder,
@@ -482,7 +491,7 @@ fn apply_auto_import(
     target: &[SmolStr],
     edit: &mut TextEditBuilder,
 ) {
-    let action = best_action_for_target(container, path.syntax(), target);
+    let action = best_action_for_target(container.clone(), path.syntax().clone(), target);
     make_assist(&action, target, edit);
     if let Some(last) = path.segment() {
         // Here we are assuming the assist will provide a  correct use statement
@@ -522,26 +531,26 @@ pub fn auto_import_text_edit(
     edit: &mut TextEditBuilder,
 ) {
     let container = position.ancestors().find_map(|n| {
-        if let Some(module) = ast::Module::cast(n) {
-            return module.item_list().map(ast::AstNode::syntax);
+        if let Some(module) = ast::Module::cast(n.clone()) {
+            return module.item_list().map(|it| it.syntax().clone());
         }
-        ast::SourceFile::cast(n).map(ast::AstNode::syntax)
+        ast::SourceFile::cast(n).map(|it| it.syntax().clone())
     });
 
     if let Some(container) = container {
-        let action = best_action_for_target(container, anchor, target);
+        let action = best_action_for_target(container, anchor.clone(), target);
         make_assist(&action, target, edit);
     }
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn auto_import(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist> {
-    let path: &ast::Path = ctx.node_at_offset()?;
+    let path: ast::Path = ctx.node_at_offset()?;
     // We don't want to mess with use statements
     if path.syntax().ancestors().find_map(ast::UseItem::cast).is_some() {
         return None;
     }
 
-    let hir_path = hir::Path::from_ast(path)?;
+    let hir_path = hir::Path::from_ast(path.clone())?;
     let segments = collect_hir_path_segments(&hir_path);
     if segments.len() < 2 {
         return None;
@@ -554,7 +563,7 @@ pub(crate) fn auto_import(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist
                 format!("import {} in mod {}", fmt_segments(&segments), name.text()),
                 |edit| {
                     let mut text_edit = TextEditBuilder::default();
-                    apply_auto_import(item_list.syntax(), path, &segments, &mut text_edit);
+                    apply_auto_import(item_list.syntax(), &path, &segments, &mut text_edit);
                     edit.set_edit_builder(text_edit);
                 },
             );
@@ -566,7 +575,7 @@ pub(crate) fn auto_import(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist
             format!("import {} in the current file", fmt_segments(&segments)),
             |edit| {
                 let mut text_edit = TextEditBuilder::default();
-                apply_auto_import(current_file.syntax(), path, &segments, &mut text_edit);
+                apply_auto_import(current_file.syntax(), &path, &segments, &mut text_edit);
                 edit.set_edit_builder(text_edit);
             },
         );
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/change_visibility.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/change_visibility.rs
index 6cabba3e3..ab10d2aa4 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/change_visibility.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/change_visibility.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ fn add_vis(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist> {
         if parent.children().any(|child| child.kind() == VISIBILITY) {
             return None;
         }
-        (vis_offset(parent), keyword.range())
+        (vis_offset(&parent), keyword.range())
     } else {
         let ident = ctx.token_at_offset().find(|leaf| leaf.kind() == IDENT)?;
         let field = ident.parent().ancestors().find_map(ast::NamedFieldDef::cast)?;
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ fn vis_offset(node: &SyntaxNode) -> TextUnit {
         .unwrap_or_else(|| node.range().start())
 }
 
-fn change_vis(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>, vis: &ast::Visibility) -> Option<Assist> {
+fn change_vis(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>, vis: ast::Visibility) -> Option<Assist> {
     if vis.syntax().text() == "pub" {
         ctx.add_action(AssistId("change_visibility"), "change to pub(crate)", |edit| {
             edit.target(vis.syntax().range());
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/fill_match_arms.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/fill_match_arms.rs
index deef166b5..b96806ac6 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/fill_match_arms.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/fill_match_arms.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ pub(crate) fn fill_match_arms(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<As
         let mut arm_iter = arm_list.arms();
         let first = arm_iter.next();
 
-        match first {
+        match &first {
             // If there arm list is empty or there is only one trivial arm, then proceed.
             Some(arm) if is_trivial_arm(arm) => {
                 if arm_iter.next() != None {
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ pub(crate) fn fill_match_arms(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<As
 
     let expr = match_expr.expr()?;
     let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(ctx.db, ctx.frange.file_id, expr.syntax(), None);
-    let match_expr_ty = analyzer.type_of(ctx.db, expr)?;
+    let match_expr_ty = analyzer.type_of(ctx.db, &expr)?;
     let enum_def = analyzer.autoderef(ctx.db, match_expr_ty).find_map(|ty| match ty.as_adt() {
         Some((AdtDef::Enum(e), _)) => Some(e),
         _ => None,
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/flip_binexpr.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/flip_binexpr.rs
index 5e41f9346..2e591ad3b 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/flip_binexpr.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/flip_binexpr.rs
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ use crate::{Assist, AssistCtx, AssistId};
 /// Flip binary expression assist.
 pub(crate) fn flip_binexpr(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist> {
     let expr = ctx.node_at_offset::<BinExpr>()?;
-    let lhs = expr.lhs()?.syntax();
-    let rhs = expr.rhs()?.syntax();
+    let lhs = expr.lhs()?.syntax().clone();
+    let rhs = expr.rhs()?.syntax().clone();
     let op_range = expr.op_token()?.range();
     // The assist should be applied only if the cursor is on the operator
     let cursor_in_range = ctx.frange.range.is_subrange(&op_range);
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/flip_comma.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/flip_comma.rs
index d8dba779f..13016ae06 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/flip_comma.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/flip_comma.rs
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ use crate::{Assist, AssistCtx, AssistId};
 
 pub(crate) fn flip_comma(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist> {
     let comma = ctx.token_at_offset().find(|leaf| leaf.kind() == T![,])?;
-    let prev = non_trivia_sibling(comma.into(), Direction::Prev)?;
-    let next = non_trivia_sibling(comma.into(), Direction::Next)?;
+    let prev = non_trivia_sibling(comma.clone().into(), Direction::Prev)?;
+    let next = non_trivia_sibling(comma.clone().into(), Direction::Next)?;
     ctx.add_action(AssistId("flip_comma"), "flip comma", |edit| {
         edit.target(comma.range());
         edit.replace(prev.range(), next.to_string());
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/inline_local_variable.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/inline_local_variable.rs
index 554de8b46..3c17089de 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/inline_local_variable.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/inline_local_variable.rs
@@ -16,18 +16,18 @@ pub(crate) fn inline_local_varialbe(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Opt
     if bind_pat.is_mutable() {
         return None;
     }
-    let initializer_expr = let_stmt.initializer();
+    let initializer_expr = let_stmt.initializer()?;
     let delete_range = if let Some(whitespace) = let_stmt
         .syntax()
         .next_sibling_or_token()
-        .and_then(|it| ast::Whitespace::cast(it.as_token()?))
+        .and_then(|it| ast::Whitespace::cast(it.as_token()?.clone()))
     {
         TextRange::from_to(let_stmt.syntax().range().start(), whitespace.syntax().range().end())
     } else {
         let_stmt.syntax().range()
     };
     let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(ctx.db, ctx.frange.file_id, bind_pat.syntax(), None);
-    let refs = analyzer.find_all_refs(bind_pat);
+    let refs = analyzer.find_all_refs(&bind_pat);
 
     let mut wrap_in_parens = vec![true; refs.len()];
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ pub(crate) fn inline_local_varialbe(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Opt
             }
         };
 
-        wrap_in_parens[i] = match (initializer_expr?.kind(), usage_parent.kind()) {
+        wrap_in_parens[i] = match (initializer_expr.kind(), usage_parent.kind()) {
             (ExprKind::CallExpr(_), _)
             | (ExprKind::IndexExpr(_), _)
             | (ExprKind::MethodCallExpr(_), _)
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ pub(crate) fn inline_local_varialbe(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Opt
         };
     }
 
-    let init_str = initializer_expr?.syntax().text().to_string();
+    let init_str = initializer_expr.syntax().text().to_string();
     let init_in_paren = format!("({})", &init_str);
 
     ctx.add_action(
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/introduce_variable.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/introduce_variable.rs
index f7f5ccafa..ce28132c9 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/introduce_variable.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/introduce_variable.rs
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ pub(crate) fn introduce_variable(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option
         return None;
     }
     let expr = node.ancestors().find_map(valid_target_expr)?;
-    let (anchor_stmt, wrap_in_block) = anchor_stmt(expr)?;
-    let indent = anchor_stmt.prev_sibling_or_token()?.as_token()?;
+    let (anchor_stmt, wrap_in_block) = anchor_stmt(expr.clone())?;
+    let indent = anchor_stmt.prev_sibling_or_token()?.as_token()?.clone();
     if indent.kind() != WHITESPACE {
         return None;
     }
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ pub(crate) fn introduce_variable(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option
         };
 
         expr.syntax().text().push_to(&mut buf);
-        let full_stmt = ast::ExprStmt::cast(anchor_stmt);
-        let is_full_stmt = if let Some(expr_stmt) = full_stmt {
-            Some(expr.syntax()) == expr_stmt.expr().map(|e| e.syntax())
+        let full_stmt = ast::ExprStmt::cast(anchor_stmt.clone());
+        let is_full_stmt = if let Some(expr_stmt) = &full_stmt {
+            Some(expr.syntax().clone()) == expr_stmt.expr().map(|e| e.syntax().clone())
         } else {
             false
         };
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ pub(crate) fn introduce_variable(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option
 
 /// Check whether the node is a valid expression which can be extracted to a variable.
 /// In general that's true for any expression, but in some cases that would produce invalid code.
-fn valid_target_expr(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&ast::Expr> {
+fn valid_target_expr(node: SyntaxNode) -> Option<ast::Expr> {
     match node.kind() {
         PATH_EXPR => None,
         BREAK_EXPR => ast::BreakExpr::cast(node).and_then(|e| e.expr()),
@@ -96,14 +96,10 @@ fn valid_target_expr(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&ast::Expr> {
 /// to produce correct code.
 /// It can be a statement, the last in a block expression or a wanna be block
 /// expression like a lambda or match arm.
-fn anchor_stmt(expr: &ast::Expr) -> Option<(&SyntaxNode, bool)> {
+fn anchor_stmt(expr: ast::Expr) -> Option<(SyntaxNode, bool)> {
     expr.syntax().ancestors().find_map(|node| {
-        if ast::Stmt::cast(node).is_some() {
-            return Some((node, false));
-        }
-
         if let Some(expr) = node.parent().and_then(ast::Block::cast).and_then(|it| it.expr()) {
-            if expr.syntax() == node {
+            if expr.syntax() == &node {
                 tested_by!(test_introduce_var_last_expr);
                 return Some((node, false));
             }
@@ -115,6 +111,10 @@ fn anchor_stmt(expr: &ast::Expr) -> Option<(&SyntaxNode, bool)> {
             }
         }
 
+        if ast::Stmt::cast(node.clone()).is_some() {
+            return Some((node, false));
+        }
+
         None
     })
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/move_guard.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/move_guard.rs
index e1ce86a33..313c9ad18 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/move_guard.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/move_guard.rs
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ pub(crate) fn move_guard_to_arm_body(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Op
 
     ctx.add_action(AssistId("move_guard_to_arm_body"), "move guard to arm body", |edit| {
         edit.target(guard.syntax().range());
-        let offseting_amount = match space_before_guard {
+        let offseting_amount = match &space_before_guard {
             Some(SyntaxElement::Token(tok)) => {
-                if let Some(_) = ast::Whitespace::cast(tok) {
+                if let Some(_) = ast::Whitespace::cast(tok.clone()) {
                     let ele = space_before_guard.unwrap().range();
                     edit.delete(ele);
                     ele.len()
@@ -39,11 +39,11 @@ pub(crate) fn move_guard_to_arm_body(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Op
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn move_arm_cond_to_match_guard(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist> {
-    let match_arm: &MatchArm = ctx.node_at_offset::<MatchArm>()?;
+    let match_arm: MatchArm = ctx.node_at_offset::<MatchArm>()?;
     let last_match_pat = match_arm.pats().last()?;
 
     let arm_body = match_arm.expr()?;
-    let if_expr: &IfExpr = IfExpr::cast(arm_body.syntax())?;
+    let if_expr: IfExpr = IfExpr::cast(arm_body.syntax().clone())?;
     let cond = if_expr.condition()?;
     let then_block = if_expr.then_branch()?;
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pub(crate) fn move_arm_cond_to_match_guard(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>)
             edit.target(if_expr.syntax().range());
             let then_only_expr = then_block.statements().next().is_none();
 
-            match then_block.expr() {
+            match &then_block.expr() {
                 Some(then_expr) if then_only_expr => {
                     edit.replace(if_expr.syntax().range(), then_expr.syntax().text())
                 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/remove_dbg.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/remove_dbg.rs
index 5680f76ca..c330bc827 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/remove_dbg.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/remove_dbg.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use ra_syntax::{
 pub(crate) fn remove_dbg(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist> {
     let macro_call = ctx.node_at_offset::<ast::MacroCall>()?;
 
-    if !is_valid_macrocall(macro_call, "dbg")? {
+    if !is_valid_macrocall(&macro_call, "dbg")? {
         return None;
     }
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ pub(crate) fn remove_dbg(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist>
     };
 
     let macro_content = {
-        let macro_args = macro_call.token_tree()?.syntax();
+        let macro_args = macro_call.token_tree()?.syntax().clone();
         let range = macro_args.range();
         let start = range.start() + TextUnit::of_char('(');
         let end = range.end() - TextUnit::of_char(')');
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ fn is_valid_macrocall(macro_call: &ast::MacroCall, macro_name: &str) -> Option<b
         return None;
     }
 
-    let node = macro_call.token_tree()?.syntax();
+    let node = macro_call.token_tree()?.syntax().clone();
     let first_child = node.first_child_or_token()?;
     let last_child = node.last_child_or_token()?;
 
diff --git a/crates/ra_assists/src/replace_if_let_with_match.rs b/crates/ra_assists/src/replace_if_let_with_match.rs
index c2c7cf70b..5de6aa266 100644
--- a/crates/ra_assists/src/replace_if_let_with_match.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_assists/src/replace_if_let_with_match.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use ra_syntax::{ast, AstNode};
 use crate::{Assist, AssistCtx, AssistId};
 
 pub(crate) fn replace_if_let_with_match(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) -> Option<Assist> {
-    let if_expr: &ast::IfExpr = ctx.node_at_offset()?;
+    let if_expr: ast::IfExpr = ctx.node_at_offset()?;
     let cond = if_expr.condition()?;
     let pat = cond.pat()?;
     let expr = cond.expr()?;
@@ -25,16 +25,11 @@ pub(crate) fn replace_if_let_with_match(mut ctx: AssistCtx<impl HirDatabase>) ->
     ctx.build()
 }
 
-fn build_match_expr(
-    expr: &ast::Expr,
-    pat1: &ast::Pat,
-    arm1: &ast::Block,
-    arm2: &ast::Block,
-) -> String {
+fn build_match_expr(expr: ast::Expr, pat1: ast::Pat, arm1: ast::Block, arm2: ast::Block) -> String {
     let mut buf = String::new();
     buf.push_str(&format!("match {} {{\n", expr.syntax().text()));
-    buf.push_str(&format!("    {} => {}\n", pat1.syntax().text(), format_arm(arm1)));
-    buf.push_str(&format!("    _ => {}\n", format_arm(arm2)));
+    buf.push_str(&format!("    {} => {}\n", pat1.syntax().text(), format_arm(&arm1)));
+    buf.push_str(&format!("    _ => {}\n", format_arm(&arm2)));
     buf.push_str("}");
     buf
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_cli/src/main.rs b/crates/ra_cli/src/main.rs
index b063193cf..375e2f508 100644
--- a/crates/ra_cli/src/main.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_cli/src/main.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use clap::{App, Arg, SubCommand};
 use flexi_logger::Logger;
 use ra_ide_api::{file_structure, Analysis};
 use ra_prof::profile;
-use ra_syntax::{AstNode, SourceFile, TreeArc};
+use ra_syntax::{AstNode, SourceFile};
 
 type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>>;
 
@@ -100,9 +100,9 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn file() -> Result<TreeArc<SourceFile>> {
+fn file() -> Result<SourceFile> {
     let text = read_stdin()?;
-    Ok(SourceFile::parse(&text).tree().to_owned())
+    Ok(SourceFile::parse(&text).tree())
 }
 
 fn read_stdin() -> Result<String> {
diff --git a/crates/ra_fmt/src/lib.rs b/crates/ra_fmt/src/lib.rs
index 1c2c04ad2..d6e895729 100644
--- a/crates/ra_fmt/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_fmt/src/lib.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use ra_syntax::{
     ast::{self, AstNode, AstToken},
-    SyntaxKind,
+    SmolStr, SyntaxKind,
     SyntaxKind::*,
     SyntaxNode, SyntaxToken, T,
 };
@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ pub fn reindent(text: &str, indent: &str) -> String {
 }
 
 /// If the node is on the beginning of the line, calculate indent.
-pub fn leading_indent(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&str> {
+pub fn leading_indent(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<SmolStr> {
     for token in prev_tokens(node.first_token()?) {
-        if let Some(ws) = ast::Whitespace::cast(token) {
+        if let Some(ws) = ast::Whitespace::cast(token.clone()) {
             let ws_text = ws.text();
             if let Some(pos) = ws_text.rfind('\n') {
-                return Some(&ws_text[pos + 1..]);
+                return Some(ws_text[pos + 1..].into());
             }
         }
         if token.text().contains('\n') {
@@ -31,17 +31,17 @@ pub fn leading_indent(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&str> {
 }
 
 fn prev_tokens(token: SyntaxToken) -> impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxToken> {
-    successors(token.prev_token(), |&token| token.prev_token())
+    successors(token.prev_token(), |token| token.prev_token())
 }
 
-pub fn extract_trivial_expression(block: &ast::Block) -> Option<&ast::Expr> {
+pub fn extract_trivial_expression(block: &ast::Block) -> Option<ast::Expr> {
     let expr = block.expr()?;
     if expr.syntax().text().contains('\n') {
         return None;
     }
     let non_trivial_children = block.syntax().children().filter(|it| match it.kind() {
         WHITESPACE | T!['{'] | T!['}'] => false,
-        _ => it != &expr.syntax(),
+        _ => it != expr.syntax(),
     });
     if non_trivial_children.count() > 0 {
         return None;
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/adt.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/adt.rs
index 8afdac801..c65446df4 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/adt.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/adt.rs
@@ -4,10 +4,7 @@
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use ra_arena::{impl_arena_id, Arena, RawId};
-use ra_syntax::{
-    ast::{self, NameOwner, StructKind, TypeAscriptionOwner},
-    TreeArc,
-};
+use ra_syntax::ast::{self, NameOwner, StructKind, TypeAscriptionOwner};
 
 use crate::{
     type_ref::TypeRef, AsName, AstDatabase, Crate, DefDatabase, Enum, EnumVariant, FieldSource,
@@ -59,11 +56,11 @@ impl StructData {
         struct_: Struct,
     ) -> Arc<StructData> {
         let src = struct_.source(db);
-        Arc::new(StructData::new(&*src.ast))
+        Arc::new(StructData::new(&src.ast))
     }
 }
 
-fn variants(enum_def: &ast::EnumDef) -> impl Iterator<Item = &ast::EnumVariant> {
+fn variants(enum_def: &ast::EnumDef) -> impl Iterator<Item = ast::EnumVariant> {
     enum_def.variant_list().into_iter().flat_map(|it| it.variants())
 }
 
@@ -71,9 +68,9 @@ impl EnumVariant {
     pub(crate) fn source_impl(
         self,
         db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase),
-    ) -> Source<TreeArc<ast::EnumVariant>> {
+    ) -> Source<ast::EnumVariant> {
         let src = self.parent.source(db);
-        let ast = variants(&*src.ast)
+        let ast = variants(&src.ast)
             .zip(db.enum_data(self.parent).variants.iter())
             .find(|(_syntax, (id, _))| *id == self.id)
             .unwrap()
@@ -96,7 +93,7 @@ impl EnumData {
     pub(crate) fn enum_data_query(db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase), e: Enum) -> Arc<EnumData> {
         let src = e.source(db);
         let name = src.ast.name().map(|n| n.as_name());
-        let variants = variants(&*src.ast)
+        let variants = variants(&src.ast)
             .map(|var| EnumVariantData {
                 name: var.name().map(|it| it.as_name()),
                 variant_data: Arc::new(VariantData::new(var.kind())),
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/code_model.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/code_model.rs
index 4fb5844f4..779764590 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/code_model.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/code_model.rs
@@ -4,10 +4,7 @@ pub(crate) mod docs;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use ra_db::{CrateId, Edition, FileId, SourceRootId};
-use ra_syntax::{
-    ast::{self, NameOwner, TypeAscriptionOwner},
-    TreeArc,
-};
+use ra_syntax::ast::{self, NameOwner, TypeAscriptionOwner};
 
 use crate::{
     adt::{EnumVariantId, StructFieldId, VariantDef},
@@ -155,8 +152,8 @@ impl_froms!(
 );
 
 pub enum ModuleSource {
-    SourceFile(TreeArc<ast::SourceFile>),
-    Module(TreeArc<ast::Module>),
+    SourceFile(ast::SourceFile),
+    Module(ast::Module),
 }
 
 impl ModuleSource {
@@ -199,7 +196,7 @@ impl Module {
         self,
         db: &impl HirDatabase,
         import: ImportId,
-    ) -> Either<TreeArc<ast::UseTree>, TreeArc<ast::ExternCrateItem>> {
+    ) -> Either<ast::UseTree, ast::ExternCrateItem> {
         let src = self.definition_source(db);
         let (_, source_map) = db.raw_items_with_source_map(src.file_id);
         source_map.get(&src.ast, import)
@@ -321,8 +318,8 @@ pub struct StructField {
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum FieldSource {
-    Named(TreeArc<ast::NamedFieldDef>),
-    Pos(TreeArc<ast::PosFieldDef>),
+    Named(ast::NamedFieldDef),
+    Pos(ast::PosFieldDef),
 }
 
 impl StructField {
@@ -736,7 +733,7 @@ impl ConstData {
         konst: Const,
     ) -> Arc<ConstData> {
         let node = konst.source(db).ast;
-        const_data_for(&*node)
+        const_data_for(&node)
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn static_data_query(
@@ -744,7 +741,7 @@ impl ConstData {
         konst: Static,
     ) -> Arc<ConstData> {
         let node = konst.source(db).ast;
-        const_data_for(&*node)
+        const_data_for(&node)
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/code_model/docs.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/code_model/docs.rs
index 007ef315d..a2b4d8e97 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/code_model/docs.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/code_model/docs.rs
@@ -71,21 +71,21 @@ pub(crate) fn documentation_query(
     def: DocDef,
 ) -> Option<Documentation> {
     match def {
-        DocDef::Module(it) => docs_from_ast(&*it.declaration_source(db)?.ast),
+        DocDef::Module(it) => docs_from_ast(&it.declaration_source(db)?.ast),
         DocDef::StructField(it) => match it.source(db).ast {
-            FieldSource::Named(named) => docs_from_ast(&*named),
+            FieldSource::Named(named) => docs_from_ast(&named),
             FieldSource::Pos(..) => None,
         },
-        DocDef::Struct(it) => docs_from_ast(&*it.source(db).ast),
-        DocDef::Enum(it) => docs_from_ast(&*it.source(db).ast),
-        DocDef::EnumVariant(it) => docs_from_ast(&*it.source(db).ast),
-        DocDef::Static(it) => docs_from_ast(&*it.source(db).ast),
-        DocDef::Const(it) => docs_from_ast(&*it.source(db).ast),
-        DocDef::Function(it) => docs_from_ast(&*it.source(db).ast),
-        DocDef::Union(it) => docs_from_ast(&*it.source(db).ast),
-        DocDef::Trait(it) => docs_from_ast(&*it.source(db).ast),
-        DocDef::TypeAlias(it) => docs_from_ast(&*it.source(db).ast),
-        DocDef::MacroDef(it) => docs_from_ast(&*it.source(db).ast),
+        DocDef::Struct(it) => docs_from_ast(&it.source(db).ast),
+        DocDef::Enum(it) => docs_from_ast(&it.source(db).ast),
+        DocDef::EnumVariant(it) => docs_from_ast(&it.source(db).ast),
+        DocDef::Static(it) => docs_from_ast(&it.source(db).ast),
+        DocDef::Const(it) => docs_from_ast(&it.source(db).ast),
+        DocDef::Function(it) => docs_from_ast(&it.source(db).ast),
+        DocDef::Union(it) => docs_from_ast(&it.source(db).ast),
+        DocDef::Trait(it) => docs_from_ast(&it.source(db).ast),
+        DocDef::TypeAlias(it) => docs_from_ast(&it.source(db).ast),
+        DocDef::MacroDef(it) => docs_from_ast(&it.source(db).ast),
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/code_model/src.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/code_model/src.rs
index 72451e0e7..32bd9c661 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/code_model/src.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/code_model/src.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use ra_syntax::{ast, TreeArc};
+use ra_syntax::ast;
 
 use crate::{
     ids::AstItemDef, AstDatabase, Const, DefDatabase, Enum, EnumVariant, FieldSource, Function,
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ impl Module {
     pub fn declaration_source(
         self,
         db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase),
-    ) -> Option<Source<TreeArc<ast::Module>>> {
+    ) -> Option<Source<ast::Module>> {
         let def_map = db.crate_def_map(self.krate);
         let decl = def_map[self.module_id].declaration?;
         let ast = decl.to_node(db);
@@ -49,62 +49,62 @@ impl HasSource for StructField {
     }
 }
 impl HasSource for Struct {
-    type Ast = TreeArc<ast::StructDef>;
-    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<TreeArc<ast::StructDef>> {
+    type Ast = ast::StructDef;
+    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<ast::StructDef> {
         self.id.source(db)
     }
 }
 impl HasSource for Union {
-    type Ast = TreeArc<ast::StructDef>;
-    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<TreeArc<ast::StructDef>> {
+    type Ast = ast::StructDef;
+    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<ast::StructDef> {
         self.id.source(db)
     }
 }
 impl HasSource for Enum {
-    type Ast = TreeArc<ast::EnumDef>;
-    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<TreeArc<ast::EnumDef>> {
+    type Ast = ast::EnumDef;
+    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<ast::EnumDef> {
         self.id.source(db)
     }
 }
 impl HasSource for EnumVariant {
-    type Ast = TreeArc<ast::EnumVariant>;
-    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<TreeArc<ast::EnumVariant>> {
+    type Ast = ast::EnumVariant;
+    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<ast::EnumVariant> {
         self.source_impl(db)
     }
 }
 impl HasSource for Function {
-    type Ast = TreeArc<ast::FnDef>;
-    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<TreeArc<ast::FnDef>> {
+    type Ast = ast::FnDef;
+    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<ast::FnDef> {
         self.id.source(db)
     }
 }
 impl HasSource for Const {
-    type Ast = TreeArc<ast::ConstDef>;
-    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<TreeArc<ast::ConstDef>> {
+    type Ast = ast::ConstDef;
+    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<ast::ConstDef> {
         self.id.source(db)
     }
 }
 impl HasSource for Static {
-    type Ast = TreeArc<ast::StaticDef>;
-    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<TreeArc<ast::StaticDef>> {
+    type Ast = ast::StaticDef;
+    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<ast::StaticDef> {
         self.id.source(db)
     }
 }
 impl HasSource for Trait {
-    type Ast = TreeArc<ast::TraitDef>;
-    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<TreeArc<ast::TraitDef>> {
+    type Ast = ast::TraitDef;
+    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<ast::TraitDef> {
         self.id.source(db)
     }
 }
 impl HasSource for TypeAlias {
-    type Ast = TreeArc<ast::TypeAliasDef>;
-    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<TreeArc<ast::TypeAliasDef>> {
+    type Ast = ast::TypeAliasDef;
+    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<ast::TypeAliasDef> {
         self.id.source(db)
     }
 }
 impl HasSource for MacroDef {
-    type Ast = TreeArc<ast::MacroCall>;
-    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<TreeArc<ast::MacroCall>> {
+    type Ast = ast::MacroCall;
+    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<ast::MacroCall> {
         Source { file_id: self.id.0.file_id(), ast: self.id.0.to_node(db) }
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/db.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/db.rs
index da9f3e32d..358365176 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/db.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/db.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 use ra_db::{salsa, SourceDatabase};
-use ra_syntax::{ast, Parse, SmolStr, SyntaxNode, TreeArc};
+use ra_syntax::{ast, Parse, SmolStr, SyntaxNode};
 
 use crate::{
     adt::{EnumData, StructData},
@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@ pub trait AstDatabase: InternDatabase {
 
     #[salsa::transparent]
     #[salsa::invoke(crate::source_id::AstIdMap::file_item_query)]
-    fn ast_id_to_node(&self, file_id: HirFileId, ast_id: ErasedFileAstId) -> TreeArc<SyntaxNode>;
+    fn ast_id_to_node(&self, file_id: HirFileId, ast_id: ErasedFileAstId) -> SyntaxNode;
 
     #[salsa::transparent]
     #[salsa::invoke(crate::ids::HirFileId::parse_or_expand_query)]
-    fn parse_or_expand(&self, file_id: HirFileId) -> Option<TreeArc<SyntaxNode>>;
+    fn parse_or_expand(&self, file_id: HirFileId) -> Option<SyntaxNode>;
 
     #[salsa::invoke(crate::ids::HirFileId::parse_macro_query)]
     fn parse_macro(&self, macro_file: ids::MacroFile) -> Option<Parse<SyntaxNode>>;
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/diagnostics.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/diagnostics.rs
index c97f0656d..0290483b3 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/diagnostics.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/diagnostics.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use std::{any::Any, fmt};
 
-use ra_syntax::{ast, AstNode, AstPtr, SyntaxNode, SyntaxNodePtr, TextRange, TreeArc};
+use ra_syntax::{ast, AstNode, AstPtr, SyntaxNode, SyntaxNodePtr, TextRange};
 use relative_path::RelativePathBuf;
 
 use crate::{HirDatabase, HirFileId, Name};
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ pub trait AstDiagnostic {
 }
 
 impl dyn Diagnostic {
-    pub fn syntax_node(&self, db: &impl HirDatabase) -> TreeArc<SyntaxNode> {
+    pub fn syntax_node(&self, db: &impl HirDatabase) -> SyntaxNode {
         let node = db.parse_or_expand(self.file()).unwrap();
-        self.syntax_node_ptr().to_node(&*node).to_owned()
+        self.syntax_node_ptr().to_node(&node)
     }
 
     pub fn downcast_ref<D: Diagnostic>(&self) -> Option<&D> {
@@ -143,11 +143,11 @@ impl Diagnostic for MissingFields {
 }
 
 impl AstDiagnostic for MissingFields {
-    type AST = TreeArc<ast::NamedFieldList>;
+    type AST = ast::NamedFieldList;
 
     fn ast(&self, db: &impl HirDatabase) -> Self::AST {
         let root = db.parse_or_expand(self.file()).unwrap();
-        let node = self.syntax_node_ptr().to_node(&*root);
-        ast::NamedFieldList::cast(&node).unwrap().to_owned()
+        let node = self.syntax_node_ptr().to_node(&root);
+        ast::NamedFieldList::cast(node).unwrap()
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/expr.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/expr.rs
index 3a97d97ce..70af3f119 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/expr.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/expr.rs
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ where
         self.exprs.alloc(block)
     }
 
-    fn collect_expr(&mut self, expr: &ast::Expr) -> ExprId {
+    fn collect_expr(&mut self, expr: ast::Expr) -> ExprId {
         let syntax_ptr = SyntaxNodePtr::new(expr.syntax());
         match expr.kind() {
             ast::ExprKind::IfExpr(e) => {
@@ -565,7 +565,8 @@ where
                         .map(|b| match b {
                             ast::ElseBranch::Block(it) => self.collect_block(it),
                             ast::ElseBranch::IfExpr(elif) => {
-                                let expr: &ast::Expr = ast::Expr::cast(elif.syntax()).unwrap();
+                                let expr: ast::Expr =
+                                    ast::Expr::cast(elif.syntax().clone()).unwrap();
                                 self.collect_expr(expr)
                             }
                         })
@@ -582,7 +583,7 @@ where
                     let else_branch = e.else_branch().map(|b| match b {
                         ast::ElseBranch::Block(it) => self.collect_block(it),
                         ast::ElseBranch::IfExpr(elif) => {
-                            let expr: &ast::Expr = ast::Expr::cast(elif.syntax()).unwrap();
+                            let expr: ast::Expr = ast::Expr::cast(elif.syntax().clone()).unwrap();
                             self.collect_expr(expr)
                         }
                     });
@@ -689,7 +690,7 @@ where
                 let struct_lit = if let Some(nfl) = e.named_field_list() {
                     let fields = nfl
                         .fields()
-                        .inspect(|field| field_ptrs.push(AstPtr::new(*field)))
+                        .inspect(|field| field_ptrs.push(AstPtr::new(field)))
                         .map(|field| StructLitField {
                             name: field
                                 .name_ref()
@@ -699,7 +700,7 @@ where
                                 self.collect_expr(e)
                             } else if let Some(nr) = field.name_ref() {
                                 // field shorthand
-                                let id = self.exprs.alloc(Expr::Path(Path::from_name_ref(nr)));
+                                let id = self.exprs.alloc(Expr::Path(Path::from_name_ref(&nr)));
                                 self.source_map
                                     .expr_map
                                     .insert(SyntaxNodePtr::new(nr.syntax()), id);
@@ -837,7 +838,7 @@ where
                 let ast_id = self
                     .db
                     .ast_id_map(self.current_file_id)
-                    .ast_id(e)
+                    .ast_id(&e)
                     .with_file_id(self.current_file_id);
 
                 if let Some(path) = e.path().and_then(Path::from_ast) {
@@ -845,11 +846,11 @@ where
                         let call_id = MacroCallLoc { def: def.id, ast_id }.id(self.db);
                         let file_id = call_id.as_file(MacroFileKind::Expr);
                         if let Some(node) = self.db.parse_or_expand(file_id) {
-                            if let Some(expr) = ast::Expr::cast(&*node) {
+                            if let Some(expr) = ast::Expr::cast(node) {
                                 log::debug!("macro expansion {}", expr.syntax().debug_dump());
                                 let old_file_id =
                                     std::mem::replace(&mut self.current_file_id, file_id);
-                                let id = self.collect_expr(&expr);
+                                let id = self.collect_expr(expr);
                                 self.current_file_id = old_file_id;
                                 return id;
                             }
@@ -863,7 +864,7 @@ where
         }
     }
 
-    fn collect_expr_opt(&mut self, expr: Option<&ast::Expr>) -> ExprId {
+    fn collect_expr_opt(&mut self, expr: Option<ast::Expr>) -> ExprId {
         if let Some(expr) = expr {
             self.collect_expr(expr)
         } else {
@@ -871,7 +872,7 @@ where
         }
     }
 
-    fn collect_block(&mut self, block: &ast::Block) -> ExprId {
+    fn collect_block(&mut self, block: ast::Block) -> ExprId {
         let statements = block
             .statements()
             .map(|s| match s.kind() {
@@ -890,7 +891,7 @@ where
         self.alloc_expr(Expr::Block { statements, tail }, SyntaxNodePtr::new(block.syntax()))
     }
 
-    fn collect_block_opt(&mut self, block: Option<&ast::Block>) -> ExprId {
+    fn collect_block_opt(&mut self, block: Option<ast::Block>) -> ExprId {
         if let Some(block) = block {
             self.collect_block(block)
         } else {
@@ -898,7 +899,7 @@ where
         }
     }
 
-    fn collect_pat(&mut self, pat: &ast::Pat) -> PatId {
+    fn collect_pat(&mut self, pat: ast::Pat) -> PatId {
         let pattern = match pat.kind() {
             ast::PatKind::BindPat(bp) => {
                 let name = bp.name().map(|nr| nr.as_name()).unwrap_or_else(Name::missing);
@@ -932,7 +933,8 @@ where
                 let mut fields: Vec<_> = field_pat_list
                     .bind_pats()
                     .filter_map(|bind_pat| {
-                        let ast_pat = ast::Pat::cast(bind_pat.syntax()).expect("bind pat is a pat");
+                        let ast_pat =
+                            ast::Pat::cast(bind_pat.syntax().clone()).expect("bind pat is a pat");
                         let pat = self.collect_pat(ast_pat);
                         let name = bind_pat.name()?.as_name();
                         Some(FieldPat { name, pat })
@@ -953,11 +955,11 @@ where
             ast::PatKind::LiteralPat(_) => Pat::Missing,
             ast::PatKind::SlicePat(_) | ast::PatKind::RangePat(_) => Pat::Missing,
         };
-        let ptr = AstPtr::new(pat);
+        let ptr = AstPtr::new(&pat);
         self.alloc_pat(pattern, Either::A(ptr))
     }
 
-    fn collect_pat_opt(&mut self, pat: Option<&ast::Pat>) -> PatId {
+    fn collect_pat_opt(&mut self, pat: Option<ast::Pat>) -> PatId {
         if let Some(pat) = pat {
             self.collect_pat(pat)
         } else {
@@ -965,20 +967,20 @@ where
         }
     }
 
-    fn collect_const_body(&mut self, node: &ast::ConstDef) {
+    fn collect_const_body(&mut self, node: ast::ConstDef) {
         let body = self.collect_expr_opt(node.body());
         self.body_expr = Some(body);
     }
 
-    fn collect_static_body(&mut self, node: &ast::StaticDef) {
+    fn collect_static_body(&mut self, node: ast::StaticDef) {
         let body = self.collect_expr_opt(node.body());
         self.body_expr = Some(body);
     }
 
-    fn collect_fn_body(&mut self, node: &ast::FnDef) {
+    fn collect_fn_body(&mut self, node: ast::FnDef) {
         if let Some(param_list) = node.param_list() {
             if let Some(self_param) = param_list.self_param() {
-                let ptr = AstPtr::new(self_param);
+                let ptr = AstPtr::new(&self_param);
                 let param_pat = self.alloc_pat(
                     Pat::Bind {
                         name: SELF_PARAM,
@@ -1027,17 +1029,17 @@ pub(crate) fn body_with_source_map_query(
         DefWithBody::Const(ref c) => {
             let src = c.source(db);
             collector = ExprCollector::new(def, src.file_id, def.resolver(db), db);
-            collector.collect_const_body(&src.ast)
+            collector.collect_const_body(src.ast)
         }
         DefWithBody::Function(ref f) => {
             let src = f.source(db);
             collector = ExprCollector::new(def, src.file_id, def.resolver(db), db);
-            collector.collect_fn_body(&src.ast)
+            collector.collect_fn_body(src.ast)
         }
         DefWithBody::Static(ref s) => {
             let src = s.source(db);
             collector = ExprCollector::new(def, src.file_id, def.resolver(db), db);
-            collector.collect_static_body(&src.ast)
+            collector.collect_static_body(src.ast)
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/expr/scope.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/expr/scope.rs
index 28fd52684..6589b782c 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/expr/scope.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/expr/scope.rs
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         let (db, _source_root, file_id) = MockDatabase::with_single_file(&code);
         let file = db.parse(file_id).ok().unwrap();
-        let marker: &ast::PathExpr = find_node_at_offset(file.syntax(), off).unwrap();
+        let marker: ast::PathExpr = find_node_at_offset(file.syntax(), off).unwrap();
         let analyzer = SourceAnalyzer::new(&db, file_id, marker.syntax(), None);
 
         let scopes = analyzer.scopes();
@@ -290,10 +290,10 @@ mod tests {
         let file = db.parse(file_id).ok().unwrap();
         let expected_name = find_node_at_offset::<ast::Name>(file.syntax(), expected_offset.into())
             .expect("failed to find a name at the target offset");
-        let name_ref: &ast::NameRef = find_node_at_offset(file.syntax(), off).unwrap();
+        let name_ref: ast::NameRef = find_node_at_offset(file.syntax(), off).unwrap();
         let analyzer = SourceAnalyzer::new(&db, file_id, name_ref.syntax(), None);
 
-        let local_name_entry = analyzer.resolve_local_name(name_ref).unwrap();
+        let local_name_entry = analyzer.resolve_local_name(&name_ref).unwrap();
         let local_name =
             local_name_entry.ptr().either(|it| it.syntax_node_ptr(), |it| it.syntax_node_ptr());
         assert_eq!(local_name.range(), expected_name.syntax().range());
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/expr/validation.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/expr/validation.rs
index c2a10a0b5..82a06ca25 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/expr/validation.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/expr/validation.rs
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ impl<'a, 'b> ExprValidator<'a, 'b> {
             .and_then(StructLit::cast)
             .and_then(|lit| lit.named_field_list())
         {
-            let field_list_ptr = AstPtr::new(field_list_node);
+            let field_list_ptr = AstPtr::new(&field_list_node);
             self.sink.push(MissingFields {
                 file: file_id,
                 field_list: field_list_ptr,
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/generics.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/generics.rs
index 07a59193f..bcbb4988d 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/generics.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/generics.rs
@@ -76,17 +76,17 @@ impl GenericParams {
         generics.parent_params = parent.map(|p| db.generic_params(p));
         let start = generics.parent_params.as_ref().map(|p| p.params.len()).unwrap_or(0) as u32;
         match def {
-            GenericDef::Function(it) => generics.fill(&*it.source(db).ast, start),
-            GenericDef::Struct(it) => generics.fill(&*it.source(db).ast, start),
-            GenericDef::Union(it) => generics.fill(&*it.source(db).ast, start),
-            GenericDef::Enum(it) => generics.fill(&*it.source(db).ast, start),
+            GenericDef::Function(it) => generics.fill(&it.source(db).ast, start),
+            GenericDef::Struct(it) => generics.fill(&it.source(db).ast, start),
+            GenericDef::Union(it) => generics.fill(&it.source(db).ast, start),
+            GenericDef::Enum(it) => generics.fill(&it.source(db).ast, start),
             GenericDef::Trait(it) => {
                 // traits get the Self type as an implicit first type parameter
                 generics.params.push(GenericParam { idx: start, name: SELF_TYPE, default: None });
-                generics.fill(&*it.source(db).ast, start + 1);
+                generics.fill(&it.source(db).ast, start + 1);
             }
-            GenericDef::TypeAlias(it) => generics.fill(&*it.source(db).ast, start),
-            GenericDef::ImplBlock(it) => generics.fill(&*it.source(db).ast, start),
+            GenericDef::TypeAlias(it) => generics.fill(&it.source(db).ast, start),
+            GenericDef::ImplBlock(it) => generics.fill(&it.source(db).ast, start),
             GenericDef::EnumVariant(_) => {}
         }
 
@@ -102,9 +102,9 @@ impl GenericParams {
         }
     }
 
-    fn fill_params(&mut self, params: &ast::TypeParamList, start: u32) {
+    fn fill_params(&mut self, params: ast::TypeParamList, start: u32) {
         for (idx, type_param) in params.type_params().enumerate() {
-            let name = type_param.name().map(AsName::as_name).unwrap_or_else(Name::missing);
+            let name = type_param.name().map_or_else(Name::missing, |it| it.as_name());
             let default = type_param.default_type().and_then(|t| t.path()).and_then(Path::from_ast);
 
             let param = GenericParam { idx: idx as u32 + start, name: name.clone(), default };
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ impl GenericParams {
         }
     }
 
-    fn fill_where_predicates(&mut self, where_clause: &ast::WhereClause) {
+    fn fill_where_predicates(&mut self, where_clause: ast::WhereClause) {
         for pred in where_clause.predicates() {
             let type_ref = match pred.type_ref() {
                 Some(type_ref) => type_ref,
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ impl GenericParams {
         }
     }
 
-    fn add_where_predicate_from_bound(&mut self, bound: &ast::TypeBound, type_ref: TypeRef) {
+    fn add_where_predicate_from_bound(&mut self, bound: ast::TypeBound, type_ref: TypeRef) {
         let path = bound
             .type_ref()
             .and_then(|tr| match tr.kind() {
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/ids.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/ids.rs
index 83f5c3f39..05a18eb56 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/ids.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/ids.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use std::{
 use mbe::MacroRules;
 use ra_db::{salsa, FileId};
 use ra_prof::profile;
-use ra_syntax::{ast, AstNode, Parse, SyntaxNode, TreeArc};
+use ra_syntax::{ast, AstNode, Parse, SyntaxNode};
 
 use crate::{AstDatabase, AstId, DefDatabase, FileAstId, InternDatabase, Module, Source};
 
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ impl HirFileId {
     pub(crate) fn parse_or_expand_query(
         db: &impl AstDatabase,
         file_id: HirFileId,
-    ) -> Option<TreeArc<SyntaxNode>> {
+    ) -> Option<SyntaxNode> {
         match file_id.0 {
-            HirFileIdRepr::File(file_id) => Some(db.parse(file_id).tree().syntax().to_owned()),
+            HirFileIdRepr::File(file_id) => Some(db.parse(file_id).tree().syntax().clone()),
             HirFileIdRepr::Macro(macro_file) => {
-                db.parse_macro(macro_file).map(|it| it.tree().to_owned())
+                db.parse_macro(macro_file).map(|it| it.syntax_node())
             }
         }
     }
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ pub struct MacroDefId(pub(crate) AstId<ast::MacroCall>);
 pub(crate) fn macro_def_query(db: &impl AstDatabase, id: MacroDefId) -> Option<Arc<MacroRules>> {
     let macro_call = id.0.to_node(db);
     let arg = macro_call.token_tree()?;
-    let (tt, _) = mbe::ast_to_token_tree(arg).or_else(|| {
+    let (tt, _) = mbe::ast_to_token_tree(&arg).or_else(|| {
         log::warn!("fail on macro_def to token tree: {:#?}", arg);
         None
     })?;
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ pub(crate) fn macro_arg_query(db: &impl AstDatabase, id: MacroCallId) -> Option<
     let loc = id.loc(db);
     let macro_call = loc.ast_id.to_node(db);
     let arg = macro_call.token_tree()?;
-    let (tt, _) = mbe::ast_to_token_tree(arg)?;
+    let (tt, _) = mbe::ast_to_token_tree(&arg)?;
     Some(Arc::new(tt))
 }
 
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ pub(crate) trait AstItemDef<N: AstNode>: salsa::InternKey + Clone {
         let loc = ItemLoc { module: ctx.module, ast_id: ast_id.with_file_id(ctx.file_id) };
         Self::intern(ctx.db, loc)
     }
-    fn source(self, db: &(impl AstDatabase + DefDatabase)) -> Source<TreeArc<N>> {
+    fn source(self, db: &(impl AstDatabase + DefDatabase)) -> Source<N> {
         let loc = self.lookup_intern(db);
         let ast = loc.ast_id.to_node(db);
         Source { file_id: loc.ast_id.file_id(), ast }
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/impl_block.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/impl_block.rs
index ce134b27a..8e62cf66d 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/impl_block.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/impl_block.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use ra_arena::{impl_arena_id, map::ArenaMap, Arena, RawId};
 use ra_syntax::{
     ast::{self, AstNode},
-    AstPtr, SourceFile, TreeArc,
+    AstPtr, SourceFile,
 };
 
 use crate::{
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ impl ImplSourceMap {
         self.map.insert(impl_id, AstPtr::new(impl_block))
     }
 
-    pub fn get(&self, source: &ModuleSource, impl_id: ImplId) -> TreeArc<ast::ImplBlock> {
+    pub fn get(&self, source: &ModuleSource, impl_id: ImplId) -> ast::ImplBlock {
         let file = match source {
-            ModuleSource::SourceFile(file) => &*file,
+            ModuleSource::SourceFile(file) => file.clone(),
             ModuleSource::Module(m) => m.syntax().ancestors().find_map(SourceFile::cast).unwrap(),
         };
 
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ pub struct ImplBlock {
 }
 
 impl HasSource for ImplBlock {
-    type Ast = TreeArc<ast::ImplBlock>;
-    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<TreeArc<ast::ImplBlock>> {
+    type Ast = ast::ImplBlock;
+    fn source(self, db: &(impl DefDatabase + AstDatabase)) -> Source<ast::ImplBlock> {
         let source_map = db.impls_in_module_with_source_map(self.module).1;
         let src = self.module.definition_source(db);
         Source { file_id: src.file_id, ast: source_map.get(&src.ast, self.impl_id) }
@@ -132,9 +132,9 @@ impl ImplData {
             item_list
                 .impl_items()
                 .map(|item_node| match item_node.kind() {
-                    ast::ImplItemKind::FnDef(it) => Function { id: ctx.to_def(it) }.into(),
-                    ast::ImplItemKind::ConstDef(it) => Const { id: ctx.to_def(it) }.into(),
-                    ast::ImplItemKind::TypeAliasDef(it) => TypeAlias { id: ctx.to_def(it) }.into(),
+                    ast::ImplItemKind::FnDef(it) => Function { id: ctx.to_def(&it) }.into(),
+                    ast::ImplItemKind::ConstDef(it) => Const { id: ctx.to_def(&it) }.into(),
+                    ast::ImplItemKind::TypeAliasDef(it) => TypeAlias { id: ctx.to_def(&it) }.into(),
                 })
                 .collect()
         } else {
@@ -202,20 +202,20 @@ impl ModuleImplBlocks {
 
         let src = m.module.definition_source(db);
         let node = match &src.ast {
-            ModuleSource::SourceFile(node) => node.syntax(),
+            ModuleSource::SourceFile(node) => node.syntax().clone(),
             ModuleSource::Module(node) => {
-                node.item_list().expect("inline module should have item list").syntax()
+                node.item_list().expect("inline module should have item list").syntax().clone()
             }
         };
 
         for impl_block_ast in node.children().filter_map(ast::ImplBlock::cast) {
-            let impl_block = ImplData::from_ast(db, src.file_id, m.module, impl_block_ast);
+            let impl_block = ImplData::from_ast(db, src.file_id, m.module, &impl_block_ast);
             let id = m.impls.alloc(impl_block);
             for &impl_item in &m.impls[id].items {
                 m.impls_by_def.insert(impl_item, id);
             }
 
-            source_map.insert(id, impl_block_ast);
+            source_map.insert(id, &impl_block_ast);
         }
 
         m
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/lang_item.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/lang_item.rs
index 0443d4d9a..fd6609fb8 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/lang_item.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/lang_item.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use rustc_hash::FxHashMap;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
-use ra_syntax::{ast::AttrsOwner, SmolStr, TreeArc};
+use ra_syntax::{ast::AttrsOwner, SmolStr};
 
 use crate::{
     AstDatabase, Crate, DefDatabase, Enum, Function, HasSource, HirDatabase, ImplBlock, Module,
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ impl LangItems {
         // Look for impl targets
         for impl_block in module.impl_blocks(db) {
             let src = impl_block.source(db);
-            if let Some(lang_item_name) = lang_item_name(&*src.ast) {
+            if let Some(lang_item_name) = lang_item_name(&src.ast) {
                 self.items
                     .entry(lang_item_name)
                     .or_insert_with(|| LangItemTarget::ImplBlock(impl_block));
@@ -137,11 +137,11 @@ impl LangItems {
         item: T,
         constructor: fn(T) -> LangItemTarget,
     ) where
-        T: Copy + HasSource<Ast = TreeArc<N>>,
+        T: Copy + HasSource<Ast = N>,
         N: AttrsOwner,
     {
         let node = item.source(db).ast;
-        if let Some(lang_item_name) = lang_item_name(&*node) {
+        if let Some(lang_item_name) = lang_item_name(&node) {
             self.items.entry(lang_item_name).or_insert_with(|| constructor(item));
         }
     }
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/name.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/name.rs
index 40c9d6002..c589f8aba 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/name.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/name.rs
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ impl AsName for ast::Name {
     }
 }
 
-impl<'a> AsName for ast::FieldKind<'a> {
+impl AsName for ast::FieldKind {
     fn as_name(&self) -> Name {
         match self {
             ast::FieldKind::Name(nr) => nr.as_name(),
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/nameres/raw.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/nameres/raw.rs
index 46b2bef5b..8517f3c43 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/nameres/raw.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/nameres/raw.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::{ops::Index, sync::Arc};
 use ra_arena::{impl_arena_id, map::ArenaMap, Arena, RawId};
 use ra_syntax::{
     ast::{self, AttrsOwner, NameOwner},
-    AstNode, AstPtr, SmolStr, SourceFile, TreeArc,
+    AstNode, AstPtr, SmolStr, SourceFile,
 };
 use test_utils::tested_by;
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ pub struct ImportSourceMap {
 }
 
 type ImportSourcePtr = Either<AstPtr<ast::UseTree>, AstPtr<ast::ExternCrateItem>>;
-type ImportSource = Either<TreeArc<ast::UseTree>, TreeArc<ast::ExternCrateItem>>;
+type ImportSource = Either<ast::UseTree, ast::ExternCrateItem>;
 
 impl ImportSourcePtr {
     fn to_node(self, file: &SourceFile) -> ImportSource {
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ impl ImportSourceMap {
 
     pub(crate) fn get(&self, source: &ModuleSource, import: ImportId) -> ImportSource {
         let file = match source {
-            ModuleSource::SourceFile(file) => &*file,
+            ModuleSource::SourceFile(file) => file.clone(),
             ModuleSource::Module(m) => m.syntax().ancestors().find_map(SourceFile::cast).unwrap(),
         };
 
-        self.map[import].to_node(file)
+        self.map[import].to_node(&file)
     }
 }
 
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ impl RawItems {
             source_map: ImportSourceMap::default(),
         };
         if let Some(node) = db.parse_or_expand(file_id) {
-            if let Some(source_file) = ast::SourceFile::cast(&node) {
-                collector.process_module(None, &*source_file);
+            if let Some(source_file) = ast::SourceFile::cast(node) {
+                collector.process_module(None, source_file);
             }
         }
         (Arc::new(collector.raw_items), Arc::new(collector.source_map))
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ struct RawItemsCollector {
 }
 
 impl RawItemsCollector {
-    fn process_module(&mut self, current_module: Option<Module>, body: &impl ast::ModuleItemOwner) {
+    fn process_module(&mut self, current_module: Option<Module>, body: impl ast::ModuleItemOwner) {
         for item_or_macro in body.items_with_macros() {
             match item_or_macro {
                 ast::ItemOrMacro::Macro(m) => self.add_macro(current_module, m),
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ impl RawItemsCollector {
         }
     }
 
-    fn add_item(&mut self, current_module: Option<Module>, item: &ast::ModuleItem) {
+    fn add_item(&mut self, current_module: Option<Module>, item: ast::ModuleItem) {
         let (kind, name) = match item.kind() {
             ast::ModuleItemKind::Module(module) => {
                 self.add_module(current_module, module);
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ impl RawItemsCollector {
                 return;
             }
             ast::ModuleItemKind::StructDef(it) => {
-                let id = self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(it);
+                let id = self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(&it);
                 let name = it.name();
                 if it.is_union() {
                     (DefKind::Union(id), name)
@@ -225,22 +225,22 @@ impl RawItemsCollector {
                 }
             }
             ast::ModuleItemKind::EnumDef(it) => {
-                (DefKind::Enum(self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(it)), it.name())
+                (DefKind::Enum(self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(&it)), it.name())
             }
             ast::ModuleItemKind::FnDef(it) => {
-                (DefKind::Function(self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(it)), it.name())
+                (DefKind::Function(self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(&it)), it.name())
             }
             ast::ModuleItemKind::TraitDef(it) => {
-                (DefKind::Trait(self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(it)), it.name())
+                (DefKind::Trait(self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(&it)), it.name())
             }
             ast::ModuleItemKind::TypeAliasDef(it) => {
-                (DefKind::TypeAlias(self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(it)), it.name())
+                (DefKind::TypeAlias(self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(&it)), it.name())
             }
             ast::ModuleItemKind::ConstDef(it) => {
-                (DefKind::Const(self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(it)), it.name())
+                (DefKind::Const(self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(&it)), it.name())
             }
             ast::ModuleItemKind::StaticDef(it) => {
-                (DefKind::Static(self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(it)), it.name())
+                (DefKind::Static(self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(&it)), it.name())
             }
         };
         if let Some(name) = name {
@@ -250,14 +250,14 @@ impl RawItemsCollector {
         }
     }
 
-    fn add_module(&mut self, current_module: Option<Module>, module: &ast::Module) {
+    fn add_module(&mut self, current_module: Option<Module>, module: ast::Module) {
         let name = match module.name() {
             Some(it) => it.as_name(),
             None => return,
         };
 
-        let attr_path = extract_mod_path_attribute(module);
-        let ast_id = self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(module);
+        let attr_path = extract_mod_path_attribute(&module);
+        let ast_id = self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(&module);
         if module.has_semi() {
             let item =
                 self.raw_items.modules.alloc(ModuleData::Declaration { name, ast_id, attr_path });
@@ -278,10 +278,10 @@ impl RawItemsCollector {
         tested_by!(name_res_works_for_broken_modules);
     }
 
-    fn add_use_item(&mut self, current_module: Option<Module>, use_item: &ast::UseItem) {
+    fn add_use_item(&mut self, current_module: Option<Module>, use_item: ast::UseItem) {
         let is_prelude = use_item.has_atom_attr("prelude_import");
 
-        Path::expand_use_item(use_item, |path, use_tree, is_glob, alias| {
+        Path::expand_use_item(&use_item, |path, use_tree, is_glob, alias| {
             let import_data =
                 ImportData { path, alias, is_glob, is_prelude, is_extern_crate: false };
             self.push_import(current_module, import_data, Either::A(AstPtr::new(use_tree)));
@@ -291,11 +291,11 @@ impl RawItemsCollector {
     fn add_extern_crate_item(
         &mut self,
         current_module: Option<Module>,
-        extern_crate: &ast::ExternCrateItem,
+        extern_crate: ast::ExternCrateItem,
     ) {
         if let Some(name_ref) = extern_crate.name_ref() {
-            let path = Path::from_name_ref(name_ref);
-            let alias = extern_crate.alias().and_then(|a| a.name()).map(AsName::as_name);
+            let path = Path::from_name_ref(&name_ref);
+            let alias = extern_crate.alias().and_then(|a| a.name()).map(|it| it.as_name());
             let import_data = ImportData {
                 path,
                 alias,
@@ -303,18 +303,18 @@ impl RawItemsCollector {
                 is_prelude: false,
                 is_extern_crate: true,
             };
-            self.push_import(current_module, import_data, Either::B(AstPtr::new(extern_crate)));
+            self.push_import(current_module, import_data, Either::B(AstPtr::new(&extern_crate)));
         }
     }
 
-    fn add_macro(&mut self, current_module: Option<Module>, m: &ast::MacroCall) {
+    fn add_macro(&mut self, current_module: Option<Module>, m: ast::MacroCall) {
         let path = match m.path().and_then(Path::from_ast) {
             Some(it) => it,
             _ => return,
         };
 
         let name = m.name().map(|it| it.as_name());
-        let ast_id = self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(m);
+        let ast_id = self.source_ast_id_map.ast_id(&m);
         let export = m.has_atom_attr("macro_export");
         let m = self.raw_items.macros.alloc(MacroData { ast_id, path, name, export });
         self.push_item(current_module, RawItem::Macro(m));
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/path.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/path.rs
index bce9d2d4b..882db7681 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/path.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/path.rs
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ pub enum PathKind {
 
 impl Path {
     /// Calls `cb` with all paths, represented by this use item.
-    pub fn expand_use_item<'a>(
-        item: &'a ast::UseItem,
-        mut cb: impl FnMut(Path, &'a ast::UseTree, bool, Option<Name>),
+    pub fn expand_use_item(
+        item: &ast::UseItem,
+        mut cb: impl FnMut(Path, &ast::UseTree, bool, Option<Name>),
     ) {
         if let Some(tree) = item.use_tree() {
             expand_use_tree(None, tree, &mut cb);
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ impl Path {
     }
 
     /// Converts an `ast::Path` to `Path`. Works with use trees.
-    pub fn from_ast(mut path: &ast::Path) -> Option<Path> {
+    pub fn from_ast(mut path: ast::Path) -> Option<Path> {
         let mut kind = PathKind::Plain;
         let mut segments = Vec::new();
         loop {
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ impl Path {
                     break;
                 }
             }
-            path = match qualifier(path) {
+            path = match qualifier(&path) {
                 Some(it) => it,
                 None => break,
             };
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ impl Path {
         segments.reverse();
         return Some(Path { kind, segments });
 
-        fn qualifier(path: &ast::Path) -> Option<&ast::Path> {
+        fn qualifier(path: &ast::Path) -> Option<ast::Path> {
             if let Some(q) = path.qualifier() {
                 return Some(q);
             }
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ impl Path {
 }
 
 impl GenericArgs {
-    pub(crate) fn from_ast(node: &ast::TypeArgList) -> Option<GenericArgs> {
+    pub(crate) fn from_ast(node: ast::TypeArgList) -> Option<GenericArgs> {
         let mut args = Vec::new();
         for type_arg in node.type_args() {
             let type_ref = TypeRef::from_ast_opt(type_arg.type_ref());
@@ -160,10 +160,10 @@ impl From<Name> for Path {
     }
 }
 
-fn expand_use_tree<'a>(
+fn expand_use_tree(
     prefix: Option<Path>,
-    tree: &'a ast::UseTree,
-    cb: &mut impl FnMut(Path, &'a ast::UseTree, bool, Option<Name>),
+    tree: ast::UseTree,
+    cb: &mut impl FnMut(Path, &ast::UseTree, bool, Option<Name>),
 ) {
     if let Some(use_tree_list) = tree.use_tree_list() {
         let prefix = match tree.path() {
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ fn expand_use_tree<'a>(
                 if let Some(segment) = ast_path.segment() {
                     if segment.kind() == Some(ast::PathSegmentKind::SelfKw) {
                         if let Some(prefix) = prefix {
-                            cb(prefix, tree, false, alias);
+                            cb(prefix, &tree, false, alias);
                             return;
                         }
                     }
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ fn expand_use_tree<'a>(
             }
             if let Some(path) = convert_path(prefix, ast_path) {
                 let is_glob = tree.has_star();
-                cb(path, tree, is_glob, alias)
+                cb(path, &tree, is_glob, alias)
             }
             // FIXME: report errors somewhere
             // We get here if we do
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ fn expand_use_tree<'a>(
     }
 }
 
-fn convert_path(prefix: Option<Path>, path: &ast::Path) -> Option<Path> {
+fn convert_path(prefix: Option<Path>, path: ast::Path) -> Option<Path> {
     let prefix =
         if let Some(qual) = path.qualifier() { Some(convert_path(prefix, qual)?) } else { prefix };
     let segment = path.segment()?;
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/source_binder.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/source_binder.rs
index 071c1bb18..e7bc4df97 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/source_binder.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/source_binder.rs
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ pub fn module_from_file_id(db: &impl HirDatabase, file_id: FileId) -> Option<Mod
 pub fn module_from_declaration(
     db: &impl HirDatabase,
     file_id: FileId,
-    decl: &ast::Module,
+    decl: ast::Module,
 ) -> Option<Module> {
     let parent_module = module_from_file_id(db, file_id);
     let child_name = decl.name();
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ pub fn module_from_declaration(
 /// Locates the module by position in the source code.
 pub fn module_from_position(db: &impl HirDatabase, position: FilePosition) -> Option<Module> {
     let parse = db.parse(position.file_id);
-    match find_node_at_offset::<ast::Module>(parse.tree().syntax(), position.offset) {
-        Some(m) if !m.has_semi() => module_from_inline(db, position.file_id, m),
+    match &find_node_at_offset::<ast::Module>(parse.tree().syntax(), position.offset) {
+        Some(m) if !m.has_semi() => module_from_inline(db, position.file_id, m.clone()),
         _ => module_from_file_id(db, position.file_id),
     }
 }
@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ pub fn module_from_position(db: &impl HirDatabase, position: FilePosition) -> Op
 fn module_from_inline(
     db: &impl HirDatabase,
     file_id: FileId,
-    module: &ast::Module,
+    module: ast::Module,
 ) -> Option<Module> {
     assert!(!module.has_semi());
     let file_id = file_id.into();
     let ast_id_map = db.ast_id_map(file_id);
-    let item_id = ast_id_map.ast_id(module).with_file_id(file_id);
+    let item_id = ast_id_map.ast_id(&module).with_file_id(file_id);
     module_from_source(db, file_id, Some(item_id))
 }
 
@@ -127,16 +127,16 @@ fn try_get_resolver_for_node(
     file_id: FileId,
     node: &SyntaxNode,
 ) -> Option<Resolver> {
-    if let Some(module) = ast::Module::cast(node) {
+    if let Some(module) = ast::Module::cast(node.clone()) {
         Some(module_from_declaration(db, file_id, module)?.resolver(db))
-    } else if let Some(_) = ast::SourceFile::cast(node) {
+    } else if let Some(_) = ast::SourceFile::cast(node.clone()) {
         Some(module_from_source(db, file_id.into(), None)?.resolver(db))
-    } else if let Some(s) = ast::StructDef::cast(node) {
+    } else if let Some(s) = ast::StructDef::cast(node.clone()) {
         let module = module_from_child_node(db, file_id, s.syntax())?;
-        Some(struct_from_module(db, module, s).resolver(db))
-    } else if let Some(e) = ast::EnumDef::cast(node) {
+        Some(struct_from_module(db, module, &s).resolver(db))
+    } else if let Some(e) = ast::EnumDef::cast(node.clone()) {
         let module = module_from_child_node(db, file_id, e.syntax())?;
-        Some(enum_from_module(db, module, e).resolver(db))
+        Some(enum_from_module(db, module, &e).resolver(db))
     } else if node.kind() == FN_DEF || node.kind() == CONST_DEF || node.kind() == STATIC_DEF {
         Some(def_with_body_from_child_node(db, file_id, node)?.resolver(db))
     } else {
@@ -153,14 +153,14 @@ fn def_with_body_from_child_node(
     let module = module_from_child_node(db, file_id, node)?;
     let ctx = LocationCtx::new(db, module, file_id.into());
     node.ancestors().find_map(|node| {
-        if let Some(def) = ast::FnDef::cast(node) {
-            return Some(Function { id: ctx.to_def(def) }.into());
+        if let Some(def) = ast::FnDef::cast(node.clone()) {
+            return Some(Function { id: ctx.to_def(&def) }.into());
         }
-        if let Some(def) = ast::ConstDef::cast(node) {
-            return Some(Const { id: ctx.to_def(def) }.into());
+        if let Some(def) = ast::ConstDef::cast(node.clone()) {
+            return Some(Const { id: ctx.to_def(&def) }.into());
         }
-        if let Some(def) = ast::StaticDef::cast(node) {
-            return Some(Static { id: ctx.to_def(def) }.into());
+        if let Some(def) = ast::StaticDef::cast(node.clone()) {
+            return Some(Static { id: ctx.to_def(&def) }.into());
         }
         None
     })
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ impl SourceAnalyzer {
             SourceAnalyzer {
                 resolver: node
                     .ancestors()
-                    .find_map(|node| try_get_resolver_for_node(db, file_id, node))
+                    .find_map(|node| try_get_resolver_for_node(db, file_id, &node))
                     .unwrap_or_default(),
                 body_source_map: None,
                 infer: None,
@@ -257,17 +257,17 @@ impl SourceAnalyzer {
     }
 
     pub fn resolve_method_call(&self, call: &ast::MethodCallExpr) -> Option<Function> {
-        let expr_id = self.body_source_map.as_ref()?.node_expr(call.into())?;
+        let expr_id = self.body_source_map.as_ref()?.node_expr(&call.clone().into())?;
         self.infer.as_ref()?.method_resolution(expr_id)
     }
 
     pub fn resolve_field(&self, field: &ast::FieldExpr) -> Option<crate::StructField> {
-        let expr_id = self.body_source_map.as_ref()?.node_expr(field.into())?;
+        let expr_id = self.body_source_map.as_ref()?.node_expr(&field.clone().into())?;
         self.infer.as_ref()?.field_resolution(expr_id)
     }
 
     pub fn resolve_variant(&self, struct_lit: &ast::StructLit) -> Option<crate::VariantDef> {
-        let expr_id = self.body_source_map.as_ref()?.node_expr(struct_lit.into())?;
+        let expr_id = self.body_source_map.as_ref()?.node_expr(&struct_lit.clone().into())?;
         self.infer.as_ref()?.variant_resolution(expr_id)
     }
 
@@ -290,18 +290,18 @@ impl SourceAnalyzer {
 
     pub fn resolve_path(&self, db: &impl HirDatabase, path: &ast::Path) -> Option<PathResolution> {
         if let Some(path_expr) = path.syntax().parent().and_then(ast::PathExpr::cast) {
-            let expr_id = self.body_source_map.as_ref()?.node_expr(path_expr.into())?;
+            let expr_id = self.body_source_map.as_ref()?.node_expr(&path_expr.into())?;
             if let Some(assoc) = self.infer.as_ref()?.assoc_resolutions_for_expr(expr_id) {
                 return Some(PathResolution::AssocItem(assoc));
             }
         }
         if let Some(path_pat) = path.syntax().parent().and_then(ast::PathPat::cast) {
-            let pat_id = self.body_source_map.as_ref()?.node_pat(path_pat.into())?;
+            let pat_id = self.body_source_map.as_ref()?.node_pat(&path_pat.into())?;
             if let Some(assoc) = self.infer.as_ref()?.assoc_resolutions_for_pat(pat_id) {
                 return Some(PathResolution::AssocItem(assoc));
             }
         }
-        let hir_path = crate::Path::from_ast(path)?;
+        let hir_path = crate::Path::from_ast(path.clone())?;
         let res = self.resolver.resolve_path_without_assoc_items(db, &hir_path);
         let res = res.clone().take_types().or_else(|| res.take_values())?;
         let res = match res {
@@ -343,12 +343,12 @@ impl SourceAnalyzer {
         // FIXME: at least, this should work with any DefWithBody, but ideally
         // this should be hir-based altogether
         let fn_def = pat.syntax().ancestors().find_map(ast::FnDef::cast).unwrap();
-        let ptr = Either::A(AstPtr::new(pat.into()));
+        let ptr = Either::A(AstPtr::new(&ast::Pat::from(pat.clone())));
         fn_def
             .syntax()
             .descendants()
             .filter_map(ast::NameRef::cast)
-            .filter(|name_ref| match self.resolve_local_name(*name_ref) {
+            .filter(|name_ref| match self.resolve_local_name(&name_ref) {
                 None => false,
                 Some(entry) => entry.ptr() == ptr,
             })
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ fn scope_for(
     node: &SyntaxNode,
 ) -> Option<ScopeId> {
     node.ancestors()
-        .map(SyntaxNodePtr::new)
+        .map(|it| SyntaxNodePtr::new(&it))
         .filter_map(|ptr| source_map.syntax_expr(ptr))
         .find_map(|it| scopes.scope_for(it))
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/source_id.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/source_id.rs
index 6cdb90141..51cd65dda 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/source_id.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/source_id.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use std::{
 };
 
 use ra_arena::{impl_arena_id, Arena, RawId};
-use ra_syntax::{ast, AstNode, SyntaxNode, SyntaxNodePtr, TreeArc};
+use ra_syntax::{ast, AstNode, SyntaxNode, SyntaxNodePtr};
 
 use crate::{AstDatabase, HirFileId};
 
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ impl<N: AstNode> AstId<N> {
         self.file_id
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn to_node(&self, db: &impl AstDatabase) -> TreeArc<N> {
+    pub(crate) fn to_node(&self, db: &impl AstDatabase) -> N {
         let syntax_node = db.ast_id_to_node(self.file_id, self.file_ast_id.raw);
-        N::cast(&syntax_node).unwrap().to_owned()
+        N::cast(syntax_node).unwrap()
     }
 }
 
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ pub struct AstIdMap {
 impl AstIdMap {
     pub(crate) fn ast_id_map_query(db: &impl AstDatabase, file_id: HirFileId) -> Arc<AstIdMap> {
         let map = if let Some(node) = db.parse_or_expand(file_id) {
-            AstIdMap::from_source(&*node)
+            AstIdMap::from_source(&node)
         } else {
             AstIdMap::default()
         };
@@ -104,9 +104,9 @@ impl AstIdMap {
         db: &impl AstDatabase,
         file_id: HirFileId,
         ast_id: ErasedFileAstId,
-    ) -> TreeArc<SyntaxNode> {
+    ) -> SyntaxNode {
         let node = db.parse_or_expand(file_id).unwrap();
-        db.ast_id_map(file_id).arena[ast_id].to_node(&*node).to_owned()
+        db.ast_id_map(file_id).arena[ast_id].to_node(&node)
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn ast_id<N: AstNode>(&self, item: &N) -> FileAstId<N> {
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ impl AstIdMap {
         // change parent's id. This means that, say, adding a new function to a
         // trait does not change ids of top-level items, which helps caching.
         bfs(node, |it| {
-            if let Some(module_item) = ast::ModuleItem::cast(it) {
+            if let Some(module_item) = ast::ModuleItem::cast(it.clone()) {
                 res.alloc(module_item.syntax());
             } else if let Some(macro_call) = ast::MacroCall::cast(it) {
                 res.alloc(macro_call.syntax());
@@ -146,8 +146,8 @@ impl AstIdMap {
 }
 
 /// Walks the subtree in bfs order, calling `f` for each node.
-fn bfs(node: &SyntaxNode, mut f: impl FnMut(&SyntaxNode)) {
-    let mut curr_layer = vec![node];
+fn bfs(node: &SyntaxNode, mut f: impl FnMut(SyntaxNode)) {
+    let mut curr_layer = vec![node.clone()];
     let mut next_layer = vec![];
     while !curr_layer.is_empty() {
         curr_layer.drain(..).for_each(|node| {
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/traits.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/traits.rs
index fc0368303..de26f1a68 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/traits.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/traits.rs
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ impl TraitData {
             item_list
                 .impl_items()
                 .map(|item_node| match item_node.kind() {
-                    ast::ImplItemKind::FnDef(it) => Function { id: ctx.to_def(it) }.into(),
-                    ast::ImplItemKind::ConstDef(it) => Const { id: ctx.to_def(it) }.into(),
-                    ast::ImplItemKind::TypeAliasDef(it) => TypeAlias { id: ctx.to_def(it) }.into(),
+                    ast::ImplItemKind::FnDef(it) => Function { id: ctx.to_def(&it) }.into(),
+                    ast::ImplItemKind::ConstDef(it) => Const { id: ctx.to_def(&it) }.into(),
+                    ast::ImplItemKind::TypeAliasDef(it) => TypeAlias { id: ctx.to_def(&it) }.into(),
                 })
                 .collect()
         } else {
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/ty/tests.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/ty/tests.rs
index 2410602a6..265740e54 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/ty/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/ty/tests.rs
@@ -3086,7 +3086,7 @@ fn type_at_pos(db: &MockDatabase, pos: FilePosition) -> String {
     let file = db.parse(pos.file_id).ok().unwrap();
     let expr = algo::find_node_at_offset::<ast::Expr>(file.syntax(), pos.offset).unwrap();
     let analyzer = SourceAnalyzer::new(db, pos.file_id, expr.syntax(), Some(pos.offset));
-    let ty = analyzer.type_of(db, expr).unwrap();
+    let ty = analyzer.type_of(db, &expr).unwrap();
     ty.display(db).to_string()
 }
 
@@ -3126,7 +3126,7 @@ fn infer(content: &str) -> String {
         types.sort_by_key(|(ptr, _)| (ptr.range().start(), ptr.range().end()));
         for (syntax_ptr, ty) in &types {
             let node = syntax_ptr.to_node(source_file.syntax());
-            let (range, text) = if let Some(self_param) = ast::SelfParam::cast(node) {
+            let (range, text) = if let Some(self_param) = ast::SelfParam::cast(node.clone()) {
                 (self_param.self_kw_token().range(), "self".to_string())
             } else {
                 (syntax_ptr.range(), node.text().to_string().replace("\n", " "))
@@ -3137,7 +3137,7 @@ fn infer(content: &str) -> String {
 
     for node in source_file.syntax().descendants() {
         if node.kind() == FN_DEF || node.kind() == CONST_DEF || node.kind() == STATIC_DEF {
-            let analyzer = SourceAnalyzer::new(&db, file_id, node, None);
+            let analyzer = SourceAnalyzer::new(&db, file_id, &node, None);
             infer_def(analyzer.inference_result(), analyzer.body_source_map());
         }
     }
@@ -3179,7 +3179,7 @@ fn typing_whitespace_inside_a_function_should_not_invalidate_types() {
         let node =
             algo::find_token_at_offset(file.syntax(), pos.offset).right_biased().unwrap().parent();
         let events = db.log_executed(|| {
-            SourceAnalyzer::new(&db, pos.file_id, node, None);
+            SourceAnalyzer::new(&db, pos.file_id, &node, None);
         });
         assert!(format!("{:?}", events).contains("infer"))
     }
@@ -3200,7 +3200,7 @@ fn typing_whitespace_inside_a_function_should_not_invalidate_types() {
         let node =
             algo::find_token_at_offset(file.syntax(), pos.offset).right_biased().unwrap().parent();
         let events = db.log_executed(|| {
-            SourceAnalyzer::new(&db, pos.file_id, node, None);
+            SourceAnalyzer::new(&db, pos.file_id, &node, None);
         });
         assert!(!format!("{:?}", events).contains("infer"), "{:#?}", events)
     }
diff --git a/crates/ra_hir/src/type_ref.rs b/crates/ra_hir/src/type_ref.rs
index 8aa807648..8536ae44a 100644
--- a/crates/ra_hir/src/type_ref.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_hir/src/type_ref.rs
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ pub enum TypeRef {
 
 impl TypeRef {
     /// Converts an `ast::TypeRef` to a `hir::TypeRef`.
-    pub(crate) fn from_ast(node: &ast::TypeRef) -> Self {
+    pub(crate) fn from_ast(node: ast::TypeRef) -> Self {
         use ra_syntax::ast::TypeRefKind::*;
         match node.kind() {
             ParenType(inner) => TypeRef::from_ast_opt(inner.type_ref()),
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ impl TypeRef {
         }
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn from_ast_opt(node: Option<&ast::TypeRef>) -> Self {
+    pub(crate) fn from_ast_opt(node: Option<ast::TypeRef>) -> Self {
         if let Some(node) = node {
             TypeRef::from_ast(node)
         } else {
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/call_info.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/call_info.rs
index 11dea7c14..270499612 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/call_info.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/call_info.rs
@@ -11,24 +11,24 @@ use crate::{db::RootDatabase, CallInfo, FilePosition, FunctionSignature};
 /// Computes parameter information for the given call expression.
 pub(crate) fn call_info(db: &RootDatabase, position: FilePosition) -> Option<CallInfo> {
     let parse = db.parse(position.file_id);
-    let syntax = parse.tree().syntax();
+    let syntax = parse.tree().syntax().clone();
 
     // Find the calling expression and it's NameRef
-    let calling_node = FnCallNode::with_node(syntax, position.offset)?;
+    let calling_node = FnCallNode::with_node(&syntax, position.offset)?;
     let name_ref = calling_node.name_ref()?;
 
     let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, position.file_id, name_ref.syntax(), None);
-    let function = match calling_node {
+    let function = match &calling_node {
         FnCallNode::CallExpr(expr) => {
             //FIXME: apply subst
-            let (callable_def, _subst) = analyzer.type_of(db, expr.expr()?)?.as_callable()?;
+            let (callable_def, _subst) = analyzer.type_of(db, &expr.expr()?)?.as_callable()?;
             match callable_def {
                 hir::CallableDef::Function(it) => it,
                 //FIXME: handle other callables
                 _ => return None,
             }
         }
-        FnCallNode::MethodCallExpr(expr) => analyzer.resolve_method_call(expr)?,
+        FnCallNode::MethodCallExpr(expr) => analyzer.resolve_method_call(&expr)?,
     };
 
     let mut call_info = CallInfo::new(db, function);
@@ -73,13 +73,13 @@ pub(crate) fn call_info(db: &RootDatabase, position: FilePosition) -> Option<Cal
     Some(call_info)
 }
 
-enum FnCallNode<'a> {
-    CallExpr(&'a ast::CallExpr),
-    MethodCallExpr(&'a ast::MethodCallExpr),
+enum FnCallNode {
+    CallExpr(ast::CallExpr),
+    MethodCallExpr(ast::MethodCallExpr),
 }
 
-impl<'a> FnCallNode<'a> {
-    fn with_node(syntax: &'a SyntaxNode, offset: TextUnit) -> Option<FnCallNode<'a>> {
+impl FnCallNode {
+    fn with_node(syntax: &SyntaxNode, offset: TextUnit) -> Option<FnCallNode> {
         if let Some(expr) = find_node_at_offset::<ast::CallExpr>(syntax, offset) {
             return Some(FnCallNode::CallExpr(expr));
         }
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ impl<'a> FnCallNode<'a> {
         None
     }
 
-    fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<&'a ast::NameRef> {
-        match *self {
+    fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<ast::NameRef> {
+        match self {
             FnCallNode::CallExpr(call_expr) => Some(match call_expr.expr()?.kind() {
                 ast::ExprKind::PathExpr(path_expr) => path_expr.path()?.segment()?.name_ref()?,
                 _ => return None,
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ impl<'a> FnCallNode<'a> {
         }
     }
 
-    fn arg_list(&self) -> Option<&'a ast::ArgList> {
-        match *self {
+    fn arg_list(&self) -> Option<ast::ArgList> {
+        match self {
             FnCallNode::CallExpr(expr) => expr.arg_list(),
             FnCallNode::MethodCallExpr(expr) => expr.arg_list(),
         }
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_dot.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_dot.rs
index a5f071442..536ba36df 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_dot.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_dot.rs
@@ -5,10 +5,11 @@ use rustc_hash::FxHashSet;
 
 /// Complete dot accesses, i.e. fields or methods (currently only fields).
 pub(super) fn complete_dot(acc: &mut Completions, ctx: &CompletionContext) {
-    let receiver_ty = match ctx.dot_receiver.and_then(|it| ctx.analyzer.type_of(ctx.db, it)) {
-        Some(it) => it,
-        None => return,
-    };
+    let receiver_ty =
+        match ctx.dot_receiver.as_ref().and_then(|it| ctx.analyzer.type_of(ctx.db, it)) {
+            Some(it) => it,
+            None => return,
+        };
     if !ctx.is_call {
         complete_fields(acc, ctx, receiver_ty.clone());
     }
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_fn_param.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_fn_param.rs
index 5a117c485..0887ef1f6 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_fn_param.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_fn_param.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ pub(super) fn complete_fn_param(acc: &mut Completions, ctx: &CompletionContext)
         let _ = visitor_ctx(&mut params)
             .visit::<ast::SourceFile, _>(process)
             .visit::<ast::ItemList, _>(process)
-            .accept(node);
+            .accept(&node);
     }
     params
         .into_iter()
@@ -38,10 +38,7 @@ pub(super) fn complete_fn_param(acc: &mut Completions, ctx: &CompletionContext)
                 .add_to(acc)
         });
 
-    fn process<'a, N: ast::FnDefOwner>(
-        node: &'a N,
-        params: &mut FxHashMap<String, (u32, &'a ast::Param)>,
-    ) {
+    fn process<N: ast::FnDefOwner>(node: N, params: &mut FxHashMap<String, (u32, ast::Param)>) {
         node.functions().filter_map(|it| it.param_list()).flat_map(|it| it.params()).for_each(
             |param| {
                 let text = param.syntax().text().to_string();
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_keyword.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_keyword.rs
index 034ed934d..4cf34eff8 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_keyword.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_keyword.rs
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ pub(super) fn complete_expr_keyword(acc: &mut Completions, ctx: &CompletionConte
         return;
     }
 
-    let fn_def = match ctx.function_syntax {
+    let fn_def = match &ctx.function_syntax {
         Some(it) => it,
         None => return,
     };
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pub(super) fn complete_expr_keyword(acc: &mut Completions, ctx: &CompletionConte
         acc.add(keyword(ctx, "else", "else {$0}"));
         acc.add(keyword(ctx, "else if", "else if $0 {}"));
     }
-    if is_in_loop_body(ctx.token) {
+    if is_in_loop_body(&ctx.token) {
         if ctx.can_be_stmt {
             acc.add(keyword(ctx, "continue", "continue;"));
             acc.add(keyword(ctx, "break", "break;"));
@@ -74,19 +74,19 @@ pub(super) fn complete_expr_keyword(acc: &mut Completions, ctx: &CompletionConte
             acc.add(keyword(ctx, "break", "break"));
         }
     }
-    acc.add_all(complete_return(ctx, fn_def, ctx.can_be_stmt));
+    acc.add_all(complete_return(ctx, &fn_def, ctx.can_be_stmt));
 }
 
-fn is_in_loop_body(leaf: SyntaxToken) -> bool {
+fn is_in_loop_body(leaf: &SyntaxToken) -> bool {
     for node in leaf.parent().ancestors() {
         if node.kind() == FN_DEF || node.kind() == LAMBDA_EXPR {
             break;
         }
         let loop_body = visitor()
-            .visit::<ast::ForExpr, _>(LoopBodyOwner::loop_body)
-            .visit::<ast::WhileExpr, _>(LoopBodyOwner::loop_body)
-            .visit::<ast::LoopExpr, _>(LoopBodyOwner::loop_body)
-            .accept(node);
+            .visit::<ast::ForExpr, _>(|it| it.loop_body())
+            .visit::<ast::WhileExpr, _>(|it| it.loop_body())
+            .visit::<ast::LoopExpr, _>(|it| it.loop_body())
+            .accept(&node);
         if let Some(Some(body)) = loop_body {
             if leaf.range().is_subrange(&body.syntax().range()) {
                 return true;
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_postfix.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_postfix.rs
index 4f5062214..c75b1c159 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_postfix.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_postfix.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ use ra_text_edit::TextEditBuilder;
 
 fn postfix_snippet(ctx: &CompletionContext, label: &str, detail: &str, snippet: &str) -> Builder {
     let edit = {
-        let receiver_range = ctx.dot_receiver.expect("no receiver available").syntax().range();
+        let receiver_range =
+            ctx.dot_receiver.as_ref().expect("no receiver available").syntax().range();
         let delete_range = TextRange::from_to(receiver_range.start(), ctx.source_range().end());
         let mut builder = TextEditBuilder::default();
         builder.replace(delete_range, snippet.to_string());
@@ -38,9 +39,9 @@ fn is_bool_or_unknown(ty: Option<Ty>) -> bool {
 }
 
 pub(super) fn complete_postfix(acc: &mut Completions, ctx: &CompletionContext) {
-    if let Some(dot_receiver) = ctx.dot_receiver {
+    if let Some(dot_receiver) = &ctx.dot_receiver {
         let receiver_text = dot_receiver.syntax().text().to_string();
-        let receiver_ty = ctx.analyzer.type_of(ctx.db, dot_receiver);
+        let receiver_ty = ctx.analyzer.type_of(ctx.db, &dot_receiver);
         if is_bool_or_unknown(receiver_ty) {
             postfix_snippet(ctx, "if", "if expr {}", &format!("if {} {{$0}}", receiver_text))
                 .add_to(acc);
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_scope.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_scope.rs
index 1ba871257..f92034055 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_scope.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_scope.rs
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ pub(super) fn complete_scope(acc: &mut Completions, ctx: &CompletionContext) {
                     let mut builder = TextEditBuilder::default();
                     builder.replace(ctx.source_range(), name.to_string());
                     auto_import::auto_import_text_edit(
-                        ctx.token.parent(),
-                        ctx.token.parent(),
+                        &ctx.token.parent(),
+                        &ctx.token.parent(),
                         &path,
                         &mut builder,
                     );
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_struct_literal.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_struct_literal.rs
index b6216f857..9410f740f 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_struct_literal.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/complete_struct_literal.rs
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ use crate::completion::{CompletionContext, Completions};
 
 /// Complete fields in fields literals.
 pub(super) fn complete_struct_literal(acc: &mut Completions, ctx: &CompletionContext) {
-    let (ty, variant) = match ctx.struct_lit_syntax.and_then(|it| {
-        Some((ctx.analyzer.type_of(ctx.db, it.into())?, ctx.analyzer.resolve_variant(it)?))
+    let (ty, variant) = match ctx.struct_lit_syntax.as_ref().and_then(|it| {
+        Some((ctx.analyzer.type_of(ctx.db, &it.clone().into())?, ctx.analyzer.resolve_variant(it)?))
     }) {
         Some(it) => it,
         _ => return,
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/completion_context.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/completion_context.rs
index 4aa84751f..b803271ab 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/completion_context.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/completion/completion_context.rs
@@ -16,11 +16,11 @@ pub(crate) struct CompletionContext<'a> {
     pub(super) db: &'a db::RootDatabase,
     pub(super) analyzer: hir::SourceAnalyzer,
     pub(super) offset: TextUnit,
-    pub(super) token: SyntaxToken<'a>,
+    pub(super) token: SyntaxToken,
     pub(super) module: Option<hir::Module>,
-    pub(super) function_syntax: Option<&'a ast::FnDef>,
-    pub(super) use_item_syntax: Option<&'a ast::UseItem>,
-    pub(super) struct_lit_syntax: Option<&'a ast::StructLit>,
+    pub(super) function_syntax: Option<ast::FnDef>,
+    pub(super) use_item_syntax: Option<ast::UseItem>,
+    pub(super) struct_lit_syntax: Option<ast::StructLit>,
     pub(super) is_param: bool,
     /// If a name-binding or reference to a const in a pattern.
     /// Irrefutable patterns (like let) are excluded.
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ pub(crate) struct CompletionContext<'a> {
     /// Something is typed at the "top" level, in module or impl/trait.
     pub(super) is_new_item: bool,
     /// The receiver if this is a field or method access, i.e. writing something.<|>
-    pub(super) dot_receiver: Option<&'a ast::Expr>,
+    pub(super) dot_receiver: Option<ast::Expr>,
     /// If this is a call (method or function) in particular, i.e. the () are already there.
     pub(super) is_call: bool,
 }
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ impl<'a> CompletionContext<'a> {
         let token =
             find_token_at_offset(original_parse.tree().syntax(), position.offset).left_biased()?;
         let analyzer =
-            hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, position.file_id, token.parent(), Some(position.offset));
+            hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, position.file_id, &token.parent(), Some(position.offset));
         let mut ctx = CompletionContext {
             db,
             analyzer,
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ impl<'a> CompletionContext<'a> {
             if is_node::<ast::BindPat>(name.syntax()) {
                 let bind_pat = name.syntax().ancestors().find_map(ast::BindPat::cast).unwrap();
                 let parent = bind_pat.syntax().parent();
-                if parent.and_then(ast::MatchArm::cast).is_some()
+                if parent.clone().and_then(ast::MatchArm::cast).is_some()
                     || parent.and_then(ast::Condition::cast).is_some()
                 {
                     self.is_pat_binding = true;
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ impl<'a> CompletionContext<'a> {
         }
     }
 
-    fn classify_name_ref(&mut self, original_file: &'a SourceFile, name_ref: &ast::NameRef) {
+    fn classify_name_ref(&mut self, original_file: SourceFile, name_ref: ast::NameRef) {
         let name_range = name_ref.syntax().range();
         if name_ref.syntax().parent().and_then(ast::NamedField::cast).is_some() {
             self.struct_lit_syntax = find_node_at_offset(original_file.syntax(), self.offset);
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ impl<'a> CompletionContext<'a> {
             None => return,
         };
 
-        if let Some(segment) = ast::PathSegment::cast(parent) {
+        if let Some(segment) = ast::PathSegment::cast(parent.clone()) {
             let path = segment.parent_path();
             self.is_call = path
                 .syntax()
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ impl<'a> CompletionContext<'a> {
                 .and_then(|it| it.syntax().parent().and_then(ast::CallExpr::cast))
                 .is_some();
 
-            if let Some(mut path) = hir::Path::from_ast(path) {
+            if let Some(mut path) = hir::Path::from_ast(path.clone()) {
                 if !path.is_ident() {
                     path.segments.pop().unwrap();
                     self.path_prefix = Some(path);
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ impl<'a> CompletionContext<'a> {
                     .syntax()
                     .ancestors()
                     .find_map(|node| {
-                        if let Some(stmt) = ast::ExprStmt::cast(node) {
+                        if let Some(stmt) = ast::ExprStmt::cast(node.clone()) {
                             return Some(stmt.syntax().range() == name_ref.syntax().range());
                         }
                         if let Some(block) = ast::Block::cast(node) {
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ impl<'a> CompletionContext<'a> {
                 }
             }
         }
-        if let Some(field_expr) = ast::FieldExpr::cast(parent) {
+        if let Some(field_expr) = ast::FieldExpr::cast(parent.clone()) {
             // The receiver comes before the point of insertion of the fake
             // ident, so it should have the same range in the non-modified file
             self.dot_receiver = field_expr
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ impl<'a> CompletionContext<'a> {
     }
 }
 
-fn find_node_with_range<N: AstNode>(syntax: &SyntaxNode, range: TextRange) -> Option<&N> {
+fn find_node_with_range<N: AstNode>(syntax: &SyntaxNode, range: TextRange) -> Option<N> {
     find_covering_element(syntax, range).ancestors().find_map(N::cast)
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/diagnostics.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/diagnostics.rs
index 3f5b9e0a0..affbad6cd 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/diagnostics.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/diagnostics.rs
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ pub(crate) fn diagnostics(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId) -> Vec<Diagnostic>
     }));
 
     for node in parse.tree().syntax().descendants() {
-        check_unnecessary_braces_in_use_statement(&mut res, file_id, node);
-        check_struct_shorthand_initialization(&mut res, file_id, node);
+        check_unnecessary_braces_in_use_statement(&mut res, file_id, &node);
+        check_struct_shorthand_initialization(&mut res, file_id, &node);
     }
     let res = RefCell::new(res);
     let mut sink = DiagnosticSink::new(|d| {
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ pub(crate) fn diagnostics(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId) -> Vec<Diagnostic>
     })
     .on::<hir::diagnostics::MissingFields, _>(|d| {
         let node = d.ast(db);
-        let mut ast_editor = AstEditor::new(&*node);
+        let mut ast_editor = AstEditor::new(node);
         for f in d.missed_fields.iter() {
             ast_editor.append_field(&AstBuilder::<NamedField>::from_name(f));
         }
@@ -94,11 +94,11 @@ fn check_unnecessary_braces_in_use_statement(
     file_id: FileId,
     node: &SyntaxNode,
 ) -> Option<()> {
-    let use_tree_list = ast::UseTreeList::cast(node)?;
+    let use_tree_list = ast::UseTreeList::cast(node.clone())?;
     if let Some((single_use_tree,)) = use_tree_list.use_trees().collect_tuple() {
         let range = use_tree_list.syntax().range();
         let edit =
-            text_edit_for_remove_unnecessary_braces_with_self_in_use_statement(single_use_tree)
+            text_edit_for_remove_unnecessary_braces_with_self_in_use_statement(&single_use_tree)
                 .unwrap_or_else(|| {
                     let to_replace = single_use_tree.syntax().text().to_string();
                     let mut edit_builder = TextEditBuilder::default();
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ fn check_struct_shorthand_initialization(
     file_id: FileId,
     node: &SyntaxNode,
 ) -> Option<()> {
-    let struct_lit = ast::StructLit::cast(node)?;
+    let struct_lit = ast::StructLit::cast(node.clone())?;
     let named_field_list = struct_lit.named_field_list()?;
     for named_field in named_field_list.fields() {
         if let (Some(name_ref), Some(expr)) = (named_field.name_ref(), named_field.expr()) {
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ mod tests {
         let parse = SourceFile::parse(code);
         let mut diagnostics = Vec::new();
         for node in parse.tree().syntax().descendants() {
-            func(&mut diagnostics, FileId(0), node);
+            func(&mut diagnostics, FileId(0), &node);
         }
         assert!(diagnostics.is_empty());
     }
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ mod tests {
         let parse = SourceFile::parse(before);
         let mut diagnostics = Vec::new();
         for node in parse.tree().syntax().descendants() {
-            func(&mut diagnostics, FileId(0), node);
+            func(&mut diagnostics, FileId(0), &node);
         }
         let diagnostic =
             diagnostics.pop().unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("no diagnostics for:\n{}\n", before));
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/display/function_signature.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/display/function_signature.rs
index e7ad5a0d1..644a4532b 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/display/function_signature.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/display/function_signature.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ impl FunctionSignature {
     pub(crate) fn from_hir(db: &db::RootDatabase, function: hir::Function) -> Self {
         let doc = function.docs(db);
         let ast_node = function.source(db).ast;
-        FunctionSignature::from(&*ast_node).with_doc_opt(doc)
+        FunctionSignature::from(&ast_node).with_doc_opt(doc)
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/display/navigation_target.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/display/navigation_target.rs
index 20a8d418e..8cc853dd1 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/display/navigation_target.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/display/navigation_target.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use ra_syntax::{
     ast::{self, DocCommentsOwner},
     AstNode, AstPtr, SmolStr,
     SyntaxKind::{self, NAME},
-    SyntaxNode, TextRange, TreeArc,
+    SyntaxNode, TextRange,
 };
 
 use super::short_label::ShortLabel;
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ impl NavigationTarget {
         let file_id = src.file_id.original_file(db);
         match src.ast {
             FieldSource::Named(it) => {
-                NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, &*it, it.doc_comment_text(), it.short_label())
+                NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, &it, it.doc_comment_text(), it.short_label())
             }
             FieldSource::Pos(it) => {
                 NavigationTarget::from_syntax(file_id, "".into(), None, it.syntax(), None, None)
@@ -179,13 +179,13 @@ impl NavigationTarget {
 
     pub(crate) fn from_def_source<A, D>(db: &RootDatabase, def: D) -> NavigationTarget
     where
-        D: HasSource<Ast = TreeArc<A>>,
+        D: HasSource<Ast = A>,
         A: ast::DocCommentsOwner + ast::NameOwner + ShortLabel,
     {
         let src = def.source(db);
         NavigationTarget::from_named(
             src.file_id.original_file(db),
-            &*src.ast,
+            &src.ast,
             src.ast.doc_comment_text(),
             src.ast.short_label(),
         )
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ impl NavigationTarget {
         log::debug!("nav target {}", src.ast.syntax().debug_dump());
         NavigationTarget::from_named(
             src.file_id.original_file(db),
-            &*src.ast,
+            &src.ast,
             src.ast.doc_comment_text(),
             None,
         )
@@ -318,22 +318,18 @@ pub(crate) fn docs_from_symbol(db: &RootDatabase, symbol: &FileSymbol) -> Option
     let parse = db.parse(symbol.file_id);
     let node = symbol.ptr.to_node(parse.tree().syntax()).to_owned();
 
-    fn doc_comments<N: ast::DocCommentsOwner>(node: &N) -> Option<String> {
-        node.doc_comment_text()
-    }
-
     visitor()
-        .visit(doc_comments::<ast::FnDef>)
-        .visit(doc_comments::<ast::StructDef>)
-        .visit(doc_comments::<ast::EnumDef>)
-        .visit(doc_comments::<ast::TraitDef>)
-        .visit(doc_comments::<ast::Module>)
-        .visit(doc_comments::<ast::TypeAliasDef>)
-        .visit(doc_comments::<ast::ConstDef>)
-        .visit(doc_comments::<ast::StaticDef>)
-        .visit(doc_comments::<ast::NamedFieldDef>)
-        .visit(doc_comments::<ast::EnumVariant>)
-        .visit(doc_comments::<ast::MacroCall>)
+        .visit(|it: ast::FnDef| it.doc_comment_text())
+        .visit(|it: ast::StructDef| it.doc_comment_text())
+        .visit(|it: ast::EnumDef| it.doc_comment_text())
+        .visit(|it: ast::TraitDef| it.doc_comment_text())
+        .visit(|it: ast::Module| it.doc_comment_text())
+        .visit(|it: ast::TypeAliasDef| it.doc_comment_text())
+        .visit(|it: ast::ConstDef| it.doc_comment_text())
+        .visit(|it: ast::StaticDef| it.doc_comment_text())
+        .visit(|it: ast::NamedFieldDef| it.doc_comment_text())
+        .visit(|it: ast::EnumVariant| it.doc_comment_text())
+        .visit(|it: ast::MacroCall| it.doc_comment_text())
         .accept(&node)?
 }
 
@@ -345,15 +341,15 @@ pub(crate) fn description_from_symbol(db: &RootDatabase, symbol: &FileSymbol) ->
     let node = symbol.ptr.to_node(parse.tree().syntax()).to_owned();
 
     visitor()
-        .visit(|node: &ast::FnDef| node.short_label())
-        .visit(|node: &ast::StructDef| node.short_label())
-        .visit(|node: &ast::EnumDef| node.short_label())
-        .visit(|node: &ast::TraitDef| node.short_label())
-        .visit(|node: &ast::Module| node.short_label())
-        .visit(|node: &ast::TypeAliasDef| node.short_label())
-        .visit(|node: &ast::ConstDef| node.short_label())
-        .visit(|node: &ast::StaticDef| node.short_label())
-        .visit(|node: &ast::NamedFieldDef| node.short_label())
-        .visit(|node: &ast::EnumVariant| node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::FnDef| node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::StructDef| node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::EnumDef| node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::TraitDef| node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::Module| node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::TypeAliasDef| node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::ConstDef| node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::StaticDef| node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::NamedFieldDef| node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::EnumVariant| node.short_label())
         .accept(&node)?
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/display/structure.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/display/structure.rs
index 638484a9b..2e183d2f6 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/display/structure.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/display/structure.rs
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ pub fn file_structure(file: &SourceFile) -> Vec<StructureNode> {
     for event in file.syntax().preorder() {
         match event {
             WalkEvent::Enter(node) => {
-                if let Some(mut symbol) = structure_node(node) {
+                if let Some(mut symbol) = structure_node(&node) {
                     symbol.parent = stack.last().copied();
                     stack.push(res.len());
                     res.push(symbol);
                 }
             }
             WalkEvent::Leave(node) => {
-                if structure_node(node).is_some() {
+                if structure_node(&node).is_some() {
                     stack.pop().unwrap();
                 }
             }
@@ -41,19 +41,20 @@ pub fn file_structure(file: &SourceFile) -> Vec<StructureNode> {
 }
 
 fn structure_node(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<StructureNode> {
-    fn decl<N: NameOwner + AttrsOwner>(node: &N) -> Option<StructureNode> {
+    fn decl<N: NameOwner + AttrsOwner>(node: N) -> Option<StructureNode> {
         decl_with_detail(node, None)
     }
 
     fn decl_with_ascription<N: NameOwner + AttrsOwner + TypeAscriptionOwner>(
-        node: &N,
+        node: N,
     ) -> Option<StructureNode> {
-        decl_with_type_ref(node, node.ascribed_type())
+        let ty = node.ascribed_type();
+        decl_with_type_ref(node, ty)
     }
 
     fn decl_with_type_ref<N: NameOwner + AttrsOwner>(
-        node: &N,
-        type_ref: Option<&ast::TypeRef>,
+        node: N,
+        type_ref: Option<ast::TypeRef>,
     ) -> Option<StructureNode> {
         let detail = type_ref.map(|type_ref| {
             let mut detail = String::new();
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ fn structure_node(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<StructureNode> {
     }
 
     fn decl_with_detail<N: NameOwner + AttrsOwner>(
-        node: &N,
+        node: N,
         detail: Option<String>,
     ) -> Option<StructureNode> {
         let name = node.name()?;
@@ -82,22 +83,24 @@ fn structure_node(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<StructureNode> {
 
     fn collapse_ws(node: &SyntaxNode, output: &mut String) {
         let mut can_insert_ws = false;
-        for line in node.text().chunks().flat_map(|chunk| chunk.lines()) {
-            let line = line.trim();
-            if line.is_empty() {
-                if can_insert_ws {
-                    output.push_str(" ");
-                    can_insert_ws = false;
+        for chunk in node.text().chunks() {
+            for line in chunk.lines() {
+                let line = line.trim();
+                if line.is_empty() {
+                    if can_insert_ws {
+                        output.push_str(" ");
+                        can_insert_ws = false;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    output.push_str(line);
+                    can_insert_ws = true;
                 }
-            } else {
-                output.push_str(line);
-                can_insert_ws = true;
             }
         }
     }
 
     visitor()
-        .visit(|fn_def: &ast::FnDef| {
+        .visit(|fn_def: ast::FnDef| {
             let mut detail = String::from("fn");
             if let Some(type_param_list) = fn_def.type_param_list() {
                 collapse_ws(type_param_list.syntax(), &mut detail);
@@ -117,11 +120,14 @@ fn structure_node(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<StructureNode> {
         .visit(decl::<ast::EnumVariant>)
         .visit(decl::<ast::TraitDef>)
         .visit(decl::<ast::Module>)
-        .visit(|td: &ast::TypeAliasDef| decl_with_type_ref(td, td.type_ref()))
+        .visit(|td: ast::TypeAliasDef| {
+            let ty = td.type_ref();
+            decl_with_type_ref(td, ty)
+        })
         .visit(decl_with_ascription::<ast::NamedFieldDef>)
         .visit(decl_with_ascription::<ast::ConstDef>)
         .visit(decl_with_ascription::<ast::StaticDef>)
-        .visit(|im: &ast::ImplBlock| {
+        .visit(|im: ast::ImplBlock| {
             let target_type = im.target_type()?;
             let target_trait = im.target_trait();
             let label = match target_trait {
@@ -142,14 +148,14 @@ fn structure_node(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<StructureNode> {
             };
             Some(node)
         })
-        .visit(|mc: &ast::MacroCall| {
+        .visit(|mc: ast::MacroCall| {
             let first_token = mc.syntax().first_token().unwrap();
             if first_token.text().as_str() != "macro_rules" {
                 return None;
             }
             decl(mc)
         })
-        .accept(node)?
+        .accept(&node)?
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/extend_selection.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/extend_selection.rs
index 491b15702..8c49960f5 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/extend_selection.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/extend_selection.rs
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ fn try_extend_selection(root: &SyntaxNode, range: TextRange) -> Option<TextRange
             TokenAtOffset::None => return None,
             TokenAtOffset::Single(l) => {
                 if string_kinds.contains(&l.kind()) {
-                    extend_single_word_in_comment_or_string(l, offset).unwrap_or_else(|| l.range())
+                    extend_single_word_in_comment_or_string(&l, offset).unwrap_or_else(|| l.range())
                 } else {
                     l.range()
                 }
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ fn try_extend_selection(root: &SyntaxNode, range: TextRange) -> Option<TextRange
             if token.range() != range {
                 return Some(token.range());
             }
-            if let Some(comment) = ast::Comment::cast(token) {
+            if let Some(comment) = ast::Comment::cast(token.clone()) {
                 if let Some(range) = extend_comments(comment) {
                     return Some(range);
                 }
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ fn try_extend_selection(root: &SyntaxNode, range: TextRange) -> Option<TextRange
     let node = node.ancestors().take_while(|n| n.range() == node.range()).last().unwrap();
 
     if node.parent().map(|n| list_kinds.contains(&n.kind())) == Some(true) {
-        if let Some(range) = extend_list_item(node) {
+        if let Some(range) = extend_list_item(&node) {
             return Some(range);
         }
     }
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ fn try_extend_selection(root: &SyntaxNode, range: TextRange) -> Option<TextRange
 }
 
 fn extend_single_word_in_comment_or_string(
-    leaf: SyntaxToken,
+    leaf: &SyntaxToken,
     offset: TextUnit,
 ) -> Option<TextRange> {
     let text: &str = leaf.text();
@@ -131,9 +131,9 @@ fn extend_ws(root: &SyntaxNode, ws: SyntaxToken, offset: TextUnit) -> TextRange
     ws.range()
 }
 
-fn pick_best<'a>(l: SyntaxToken<'a>, r: SyntaxToken<'a>) -> SyntaxToken<'a> {
-    return if priority(r) > priority(l) { r } else { l };
-    fn priority(n: SyntaxToken) -> usize {
+fn pick_best<'a>(l: SyntaxToken, r: SyntaxToken) -> SyntaxToken {
+    return if priority(&r) > priority(&l) { r } else { l };
+    fn priority(n: &SyntaxToken) -> usize {
         match n.kind() {
             WHITESPACE => 0,
             IDENT | T![self] | T![super] | T![crate] | LIFETIME => 2,
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ fn extend_list_item(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<TextRange> {
                 SyntaxElement::Token(it) => is_single_line_ws(it),
             })
             .next()
-            .and_then(|it| it.as_token())
+            .and_then(|it| it.as_token().cloned())
             .filter(|node| node.kind() == T![,])
     }
 
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ fn extend_list_item(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<TextRange> {
         // Include any following whitespace when comma if after list item.
         let final_node = comma_node
             .next_sibling_or_token()
-            .and_then(|it| it.as_token())
+            .and_then(|it| it.as_token().cloned())
             .filter(|node| is_single_line_ws(node))
             .unwrap_or(comma_node);
 
@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@ fn extend_list_item(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<TextRange> {
 }
 
 fn extend_comments(comment: ast::Comment) -> Option<TextRange> {
-    let prev = adj_comments(comment, Direction::Prev);
-    let next = adj_comments(comment, Direction::Next);
+    let prev = adj_comments(&comment, Direction::Prev);
+    let next = adj_comments(&comment, Direction::Next);
     if prev != next {
         Some(TextRange::from_to(prev.syntax().range().start(), next.syntax().range().end()))
     } else {
@@ -187,14 +187,14 @@ fn extend_comments(comment: ast::Comment) -> Option<TextRange> {
     }
 }
 
-fn adj_comments(comment: ast::Comment, dir: Direction) -> ast::Comment {
-    let mut res = comment;
+fn adj_comments(comment: &ast::Comment, dir: Direction) -> ast::Comment {
+    let mut res = comment.clone();
     for element in comment.syntax().siblings_with_tokens(dir) {
         let token = match element.as_token() {
             None => break,
             Some(token) => token,
         };
-        if let Some(c) = ast::Comment::cast(token) {
+        if let Some(c) = ast::Comment::cast(token.clone()) {
             res = c
         } else if token.kind() != WHITESPACE || token.text().contains("\n\n") {
             break;
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/folding_ranges.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/folding_ranges.rs
index 9d4855a64..c2b981aed 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/folding_ranges.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/folding_ranges.rs
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ pub(crate) fn folding_ranges(file: &SourceFile) -> Vec<Fold> {
     for element in file.syntax().descendants_with_tokens() {
         // Fold items that span multiple lines
         if let Some(kind) = fold_kind(element.kind()) {
-            let is_multiline = match element {
+            let is_multiline = match &element {
                 SyntaxElement::Node(node) => node.text().contains('\n'),
                 SyntaxElement::Token(token) => token.text().contains('\n'),
             };
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ pub(crate) fn folding_ranges(file: &SourceFile) -> Vec<Fold> {
             SyntaxElement::Node(node) => {
                 // Fold groups of imports
                 if node.kind() == USE_ITEM && !visited_imports.contains(&node) {
-                    if let Some(range) = contiguous_range_for_group(node, &mut visited_imports) {
+                    if let Some(range) = contiguous_range_for_group(&node, &mut visited_imports) {
                         res.push(Fold { range, kind: FoldKind::Imports })
                     }
                 }
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pub(crate) fn folding_ranges(file: &SourceFile) -> Vec<Fold> {
                 if node.kind() == MODULE && !has_visibility(&node) && !visited_mods.contains(&node)
                 {
                     if let Some(range) =
-                        contiguous_range_for_group_unless(node, has_visibility, &mut visited_mods)
+                        contiguous_range_for_group_unless(&node, has_visibility, &mut visited_mods)
                     {
                         res.push(Fold { range, kind: FoldKind::Mods })
                     }
@@ -88,24 +88,24 @@ fn fold_kind(kind: SyntaxKind) -> Option<FoldKind> {
 }
 
 fn has_visibility(node: &SyntaxNode) -> bool {
-    ast::Module::cast(node).and_then(|m| m.visibility()).is_some()
+    ast::Module::cast(node.clone()).and_then(|m| m.visibility()).is_some()
 }
 
-fn contiguous_range_for_group<'a>(
-    first: &'a SyntaxNode,
-    visited: &mut FxHashSet<&'a SyntaxNode>,
+fn contiguous_range_for_group(
+    first: &SyntaxNode,
+    visited: &mut FxHashSet<SyntaxNode>,
 ) -> Option<TextRange> {
     contiguous_range_for_group_unless(first, |_| false, visited)
 }
 
-fn contiguous_range_for_group_unless<'a>(
-    first: &'a SyntaxNode,
-    unless: impl Fn(&'a SyntaxNode) -> bool,
-    visited: &mut FxHashSet<&'a SyntaxNode>,
+fn contiguous_range_for_group_unless(
+    first: &SyntaxNode,
+    unless: impl Fn(&SyntaxNode) -> bool,
+    visited: &mut FxHashSet<SyntaxNode>,
 ) -> Option<TextRange> {
-    visited.insert(first);
+    visited.insert(first.clone());
 
-    let mut last = first;
+    let mut last = first.clone();
     for element in first.siblings_with_tokens(Direction::Next) {
         let node = match element {
             SyntaxElement::Token(token) => {
@@ -123,15 +123,15 @@ fn contiguous_range_for_group_unless<'a>(
         };
 
         // Stop if we find a node that doesn't belong to the group
-        if node.kind() != first.kind() || unless(node) {
+        if node.kind() != first.kind() || unless(&node) {
             break;
         }
 
-        visited.insert(node);
+        visited.insert(node.clone());
         last = node;
     }
 
-    if first != last {
+    if first != &last {
         Some(TextRange::from_to(first.range().start(), last.range().end()))
     } else {
         // The group consists of only one element, therefore it cannot be folded
@@ -139,11 +139,11 @@ fn contiguous_range_for_group_unless<'a>(
     }
 }
 
-fn contiguous_range_for_comment<'a>(
-    first: ast::Comment<'a>,
-    visited: &mut FxHashSet<ast::Comment<'a>>,
+fn contiguous_range_for_comment(
+    first: ast::Comment,
+    visited: &mut FxHashSet<ast::Comment>,
 ) -> Option<TextRange> {
-    visited.insert(first);
+    visited.insert(first.clone());
 
     // Only fold comments of the same flavor
     let group_kind = first.kind();
@@ -151,11 +151,11 @@ fn contiguous_range_for_comment<'a>(
         return None;
     }
 
-    let mut last = first;
+    let mut last = first.clone();
     for element in first.syntax().siblings_with_tokens(Direction::Next) {
         match element {
             SyntaxElement::Token(token) => {
-                if let Some(ws) = ast::Whitespace::cast(token) {
+                if let Some(ws) = ast::Whitespace::cast(token.clone()) {
                     if !ws.spans_multiple_lines() {
                         // Ignore whitespace without blank lines
                         continue;
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ fn contiguous_range_for_comment<'a>(
                 }
                 if let Some(c) = ast::Comment::cast(token) {
                     if c.kind() == group_kind {
-                        visited.insert(c);
+                        visited.insert(c.clone());
                         last = c;
                         continue;
                     }
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ mod tests {
     fn do_check(text: &str, fold_kinds: &[FoldKind]) {
         let (ranges, text) = extract_ranges(text, "fold");
         let parse = SourceFile::parse(&text);
-        let folds = folding_ranges(parse.tree());
+        let folds = folding_ranges(&parse.tree());
 
         assert_eq!(
             folds.len(),
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/goto_definition.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/goto_definition.rs
index 1066bf155..82b5e3b5e 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/goto_definition.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/goto_definition.rs
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ pub(crate) fn goto_definition(
     position: FilePosition,
 ) -> Option<RangeInfo<Vec<NavigationTarget>>> {
     let parse = db.parse(position.file_id);
-    let syntax = parse.tree().syntax();
-    if let Some(name_ref) = find_node_at_offset::<ast::NameRef>(syntax, position.offset) {
-        let navs = reference_definition(db, position.file_id, name_ref).to_vec();
+    let syntax = parse.tree().syntax().clone();
+    if let Some(name_ref) = find_node_at_offset::<ast::NameRef>(&syntax, position.offset) {
+        let navs = reference_definition(db, position.file_id, &name_ref).to_vec();
         return Some(RangeInfo::new(name_ref.syntax().range(), navs.to_vec()));
     }
-    if let Some(name) = find_node_at_offset::<ast::Name>(syntax, position.offset) {
-        let navs = name_definition(db, position.file_id, name)?;
+    if let Some(name) = find_node_at_offset::<ast::Name>(&syntax, position.offset) {
+        let navs = name_definition(db, position.file_id, &name)?;
         return Some(RangeInfo::new(name.syntax().range(), navs));
     }
     None
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ pub(crate) fn name_definition(
 ) -> Option<Vec<NavigationTarget>> {
     let parent = name.syntax().parent()?;
 
-    if let Some(module) = ast::Module::cast(&parent) {
+    if let Some(module) = ast::Module::cast(parent.clone()) {
         if module.has_semi() {
             if let Some(child_module) =
                 hir::source_binder::module_from_declaration(db, file_id, module)
@@ -114,38 +114,88 @@ pub(crate) fn name_definition(
 
 fn named_target(file_id: FileId, node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<NavigationTarget> {
     visitor()
-        .visit(|node: &ast::StructDef| {
-            NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, node, node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::StructDef| {
+            NavigationTarget::from_named(
+                file_id,
+                &node,
+                node.doc_comment_text(),
+                node.short_label(),
+            )
         })
-        .visit(|node: &ast::EnumDef| {
-            NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, node, node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::EnumDef| {
+            NavigationTarget::from_named(
+                file_id,
+                &node,
+                node.doc_comment_text(),
+                node.short_label(),
+            )
         })
-        .visit(|node: &ast::EnumVariant| {
-            NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, node, node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::EnumVariant| {
+            NavigationTarget::from_named(
+                file_id,
+                &node,
+                node.doc_comment_text(),
+                node.short_label(),
+            )
         })
-        .visit(|node: &ast::FnDef| {
-            NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, node, node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::FnDef| {
+            NavigationTarget::from_named(
+                file_id,
+                &node,
+                node.doc_comment_text(),
+                node.short_label(),
+            )
         })
-        .visit(|node: &ast::TypeAliasDef| {
-            NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, node, node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::TypeAliasDef| {
+            NavigationTarget::from_named(
+                file_id,
+                &node,
+                node.doc_comment_text(),
+                node.short_label(),
+            )
         })
-        .visit(|node: &ast::ConstDef| {
-            NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, node, node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::ConstDef| {
+            NavigationTarget::from_named(
+                file_id,
+                &node,
+                node.doc_comment_text(),
+                node.short_label(),
+            )
         })
-        .visit(|node: &ast::StaticDef| {
-            NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, node, node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::StaticDef| {
+            NavigationTarget::from_named(
+                file_id,
+                &node,
+                node.doc_comment_text(),
+                node.short_label(),
+            )
         })
-        .visit(|node: &ast::TraitDef| {
-            NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, node, node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::TraitDef| {
+            NavigationTarget::from_named(
+                file_id,
+                &node,
+                node.doc_comment_text(),
+                node.short_label(),
+            )
         })
-        .visit(|node: &ast::NamedFieldDef| {
-            NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, node, node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::NamedFieldDef| {
+            NavigationTarget::from_named(
+                file_id,
+                &node,
+                node.doc_comment_text(),
+                node.short_label(),
+            )
         })
-        .visit(|node: &ast::Module| {
-            NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, node, node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
+        .visit(|node: ast::Module| {
+            NavigationTarget::from_named(
+                file_id,
+                &node,
+                node.doc_comment_text(),
+                node.short_label(),
+            )
         })
-        .visit(|node: &ast::MacroCall| {
-            NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, node, node.doc_comment_text(), None)
+        .visit(|node: ast::MacroCall| {
+            NavigationTarget::from_named(file_id, &node, node.doc_comment_text(), None)
         })
         .accept(node)
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/goto_type_definition.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/goto_type_definition.rs
index 6ce5e214f..fc4b6e1af 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/goto_type_definition.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/goto_type_definition.rs
@@ -13,15 +13,17 @@ pub(crate) fn goto_type_definition(
         token
             .parent()
             .ancestors()
-            .find(|n| ast::Expr::cast(*n).is_some() || ast::Pat::cast(*n).is_some())
+            .find(|n| ast::Expr::cast(n.clone()).is_some() || ast::Pat::cast(n.clone()).is_some())
     })?;
 
-    let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, position.file_id, node, None);
+    let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, position.file_id, &node, None);
 
-    let ty: hir::Ty = if let Some(ty) = ast::Expr::cast(node).and_then(|e| analyzer.type_of(db, e))
+    let ty: hir::Ty = if let Some(ty) =
+        ast::Expr::cast(node.clone()).and_then(|e| analyzer.type_of(db, &e))
     {
         ty
-    } else if let Some(ty) = ast::Pat::cast(node).and_then(|p| analyzer.type_of_pat(db, p)) {
+    } else if let Some(ty) = ast::Pat::cast(node.clone()).and_then(|p| analyzer.type_of_pat(db, &p))
+    {
         ty
     } else {
         return None;
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/hover.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/hover.rs
index 253d21f48..e503bf6a9 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/hover.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/hover.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use ra_syntax::{
         visit::{visitor, Visitor},
     },
     ast::{self, DocCommentsOwner},
-    AstNode, TreeArc,
+    AstNode,
 };
 
 use crate::{
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ pub(crate) fn hover(db: &RootDatabase, position: FilePosition) -> Option<RangeIn
 
         let mut no_fallback = false;
 
-        match classify_name_ref(db, &analyzer, name_ref) {
+        match classify_name_ref(db, &analyzer, &name_ref) {
             Some(Method(it)) => res.extend(from_def_source(db, it)),
             Some(Macro(it)) => {
                 let src = it.source(db);
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ pub(crate) fn hover(db: &RootDatabase, position: FilePosition) -> Option<RangeIn
 
         if res.is_empty() && !no_fallback {
             // Fallback index based approach:
-            let symbols = crate::symbol_index::index_resolve(db, name_ref);
+            let symbols = crate::symbol_index::index_resolve(db, &name_ref);
             for sym in symbols {
                 let docs = docs_from_symbol(db, &sym);
                 let desc = description_from_symbol(db, &sym);
@@ -177,34 +177,32 @@ pub(crate) fn hover(db: &RootDatabase, position: FilePosition) -> Option<RangeIn
     } else if let Some(name) = find_node_at_offset::<ast::Name>(file.syntax(), position.offset) {
         if let Some(parent) = name.syntax().parent() {
             let text = visitor()
-                .visit(|node: &ast::StructDef| {
+                .visit(|node: ast::StructDef| {
                     hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
                 })
-                .visit(|node: &ast::EnumDef| {
+                .visit(|node: ast::EnumDef| hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label()))
+                .visit(|node: ast::EnumVariant| {
                     hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
                 })
-                .visit(|node: &ast::EnumVariant| {
+                .visit(|node: ast::FnDef| hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label()))
+                .visit(|node: ast::TypeAliasDef| {
                     hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
                 })
-                .visit(|node: &ast::FnDef| hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label()))
-                .visit(|node: &ast::TypeAliasDef| {
+                .visit(|node: ast::ConstDef| {
                     hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
                 })
-                .visit(|node: &ast::ConstDef| {
+                .visit(|node: ast::StaticDef| {
                     hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
                 })
-                .visit(|node: &ast::StaticDef| {
+                .visit(|node: ast::TraitDef| {
                     hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
                 })
-                .visit(|node: &ast::TraitDef| {
+                .visit(|node: ast::NamedFieldDef| {
                     hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
                 })
-                .visit(|node: &ast::NamedFieldDef| {
-                    hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label())
-                })
-                .visit(|node: &ast::Module| hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label()))
-                .visit(|node: &ast::MacroCall| hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), None))
-                .accept(parent);
+                .visit(|node: ast::Module| hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), node.short_label()))
+                .visit(|node: ast::MacroCall| hover_text(node.doc_comment_text(), None))
+                .accept(&parent);
 
             if let Some(text) = text {
                 res.extend(text);
@@ -217,8 +215,9 @@ pub(crate) fn hover(db: &RootDatabase, position: FilePosition) -> Option<RangeIn
     }
 
     if range.is_none() {
-        let node = ancestors_at_offset(file.syntax(), position.offset)
-            .find(|n| ast::Expr::cast(*n).is_some() || ast::Pat::cast(*n).is_some())?;
+        let node = ancestors_at_offset(file.syntax(), position.offset).find(|n| {
+            ast::Expr::cast(n.clone()).is_some() || ast::Pat::cast(n.clone()).is_some()
+        })?;
         let frange = FileRange { file_id: position.file_id, range: node.range() };
         res.extend(type_of(db, frange).map(rust_code_markup));
         range = Some(node.range());
@@ -233,7 +232,7 @@ pub(crate) fn hover(db: &RootDatabase, position: FilePosition) -> Option<RangeIn
 
     fn from_def_source<A, D>(db: &RootDatabase, def: D) -> Option<String>
     where
-        D: HasSource<Ast = TreeArc<A>>,
+        D: HasSource<Ast = A>,
         A: ast::DocCommentsOwner + ast::NameOwner + ShortLabel,
     {
         let src = def.source(db);
@@ -243,17 +242,17 @@ pub(crate) fn hover(db: &RootDatabase, position: FilePosition) -> Option<RangeIn
 
 pub(crate) fn type_of(db: &RootDatabase, frange: FileRange) -> Option<String> {
     let parse = db.parse(frange.file_id);
-    let syntax = parse.tree().syntax();
-    let leaf_node = find_covering_element(syntax, frange.range);
+    let leaf_node = find_covering_element(parse.tree().syntax(), frange.range);
     // if we picked identifier, expand to pattern/expression
     let node = leaf_node
         .ancestors()
         .take_while(|it| it.range() == leaf_node.range())
-        .find(|&it| ast::Expr::cast(it).is_some() || ast::Pat::cast(it).is_some())?;
-    let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, frange.file_id, node, None);
-    let ty = if let Some(ty) = ast::Expr::cast(node).and_then(|e| analyzer.type_of(db, e)) {
+        .find(|it| ast::Expr::cast(it.clone()).is_some() || ast::Pat::cast(it.clone()).is_some())?;
+    let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, frange.file_id, &node, None);
+    let ty = if let Some(ty) = ast::Expr::cast(node.clone()).and_then(|e| analyzer.type_of(db, &e))
+    {
         ty
-    } else if let Some(ty) = ast::Pat::cast(node).and_then(|p| analyzer.type_of_pat(db, p)) {
+    } else if let Some(ty) = ast::Pat::cast(node).and_then(|p| analyzer.type_of_pat(db, &p)) {
         ty
     } else {
         return None;
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/impls.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/impls.rs
index 6d69f36aa..15999d433 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/impls.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/impls.rs
@@ -9,19 +9,19 @@ pub(crate) fn goto_implementation(
     position: FilePosition,
 ) -> Option<RangeInfo<Vec<NavigationTarget>>> {
     let parse = db.parse(position.file_id);
-    let syntax = parse.tree().syntax();
+    let syntax = parse.tree().syntax().clone();
 
     let module = source_binder::module_from_position(db, position)?;
 
-    if let Some(nominal_def) = find_node_at_offset::<ast::NominalDef>(syntax, position.offset) {
+    if let Some(nominal_def) = find_node_at_offset::<ast::NominalDef>(&syntax, position.offset) {
         return Some(RangeInfo::new(
             nominal_def.syntax().range(),
-            impls_for_def(db, nominal_def, module)?,
+            impls_for_def(db, &nominal_def, module)?,
         ));
-    } else if let Some(trait_def) = find_node_at_offset::<ast::TraitDef>(syntax, position.offset) {
+    } else if let Some(trait_def) = find_node_at_offset::<ast::TraitDef>(&syntax, position.offset) {
         return Some(RangeInfo::new(
             trait_def.syntax().range(),
-            impls_for_trait(db, trait_def, module)?,
+            impls_for_trait(db, &trait_def, module)?,
         ));
     }
 
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/join_lines.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/join_lines.rs
index e20cb1370..50bcfb5b7 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/join_lines.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/join_lines.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ pub fn join_lines(file: &SourceFile, range: TextRange) -> TextEdit {
         SyntaxElement::Token(token) => token.parent(),
     };
     let mut edit = TextEditBuilder::default();
-    for token in node.descendants_with_tokens().filter_map(|it| it.as_token()) {
+    for token in node.descendants_with_tokens().filter_map(|it| it.as_token().cloned()) {
         let range = match range.intersection(&token.range()) {
             Some(range) => range,
             None => continue,
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ pub fn join_lines(file: &SourceFile, range: TextRange) -> TextEdit {
             let pos: TextUnit = (pos as u32).into();
             let off = token.range().start() + range.start() + pos;
             if !edit.invalidates_offset(off) {
-                remove_newline(&mut edit, token, off);
+                remove_newline(&mut edit, &token, off);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ pub fn join_lines(file: &SourceFile, range: TextRange) -> TextEdit {
     edit.finish()
 }
 
-fn remove_newline(edit: &mut TextEditBuilder, token: SyntaxToken, offset: TextUnit) {
+fn remove_newline(edit: &mut TextEditBuilder, token: &SyntaxToken, offset: TextUnit) {
     if token.kind() != WHITESPACE || token.text().bytes().filter(|&b| b == b'\n').count() != 1 {
         // The node is either the first or the last in the file
         let suff = &token.text()[TextRange::from_to(
@@ -98,9 +98,10 @@ fn remove_newline(edit: &mut TextEditBuilder, token: SyntaxToken, offset: TextUn
             TextRange::from_to(prev.range().start(), token.range().end()),
             space.to_string(),
         );
-    } else if let (Some(_), Some(next)) =
-        (prev.as_token().and_then(ast::Comment::cast), next.as_token().and_then(ast::Comment::cast))
-    {
+    } else if let (Some(_), Some(next)) = (
+        prev.as_token().cloned().and_then(ast::Comment::cast),
+        next.as_token().cloned().and_then(ast::Comment::cast),
+    ) {
         // Removes: newline (incl. surrounding whitespace), start of the next comment
         edit.delete(TextRange::from_to(
             token.range().start(),
@@ -113,16 +114,16 @@ fn remove_newline(edit: &mut TextEditBuilder, token: SyntaxToken, offset: TextUn
 }
 
 fn has_comma_after(node: &SyntaxNode) -> bool {
-    match non_trivia_sibling(node.into(), Direction::Next) {
+    match non_trivia_sibling(node.clone().into(), Direction::Next) {
         Some(n) => n.kind() == T![,],
         _ => false,
     }
 }
 
-fn join_single_expr_block(edit: &mut TextEditBuilder, token: SyntaxToken) -> Option<()> {
+fn join_single_expr_block(edit: &mut TextEditBuilder, token: &SyntaxToken) -> Option<()> {
     let block = ast::Block::cast(token.parent())?;
     let block_expr = ast::BlockExpr::cast(block.syntax().parent()?)?;
-    let expr = extract_trivial_expression(block)?;
+    let expr = extract_trivial_expression(&block)?;
 
     let block_range = block_expr.syntax().range();
     let mut buf = expr.syntax().text().to_string();
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ fn join_single_expr_block(edit: &mut TextEditBuilder, token: SyntaxToken) -> Opt
     Some(())
 }
 
-fn join_single_use_tree(edit: &mut TextEditBuilder, token: SyntaxToken) -> Option<()> {
+fn join_single_use_tree(edit: &mut TextEditBuilder, token: &SyntaxToken) -> Option<()> {
     let use_tree_list = ast::UseTreeList::cast(token.parent())?;
     let (tree,) = use_tree_list.use_trees().collect_tuple()?;
     edit.replace(use_tree_list.syntax().range(), tree.syntax().text().to_string());
@@ -504,7 +505,7 @@ fn foo() {
     fn check_join_lines_sel(before: &str, after: &str) {
         let (sel, before) = extract_range(before);
         let parse = SourceFile::parse(&before);
-        let result = join_lines(parse.tree(), sel);
+        let result = join_lines(&parse.tree(), sel);
         let actual = result.apply(&before);
         assert_eq_text!(after, &actual);
     }
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/lib.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/lib.rs
index 9f3b18d9d..c54d574bc 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/lib.rs
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ use ra_db::{
     salsa::{self, ParallelDatabase},
     CheckCanceled, SourceDatabase,
 };
-use ra_syntax::{SourceFile, TextRange, TextUnit, TreeArc};
+use ra_syntax::{SourceFile, TextRange, TextUnit};
 use ra_text_edit::TextEdit;
 use relative_path::RelativePathBuf;
 
@@ -325,8 +325,8 @@ impl Analysis {
     }
 
     /// Gets the syntax tree of the file.
-    pub fn parse(&self, file_id: FileId) -> TreeArc<SourceFile> {
-        self.db.parse(file_id).tree().to_owned()
+    pub fn parse(&self, file_id: FileId) -> SourceFile {
+        self.db.parse(file_id).tree()
     }
 
     /// Gets the file's `LineIndex`: data structure to convert between absolute
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ impl Analysis {
         let parse = self.db.parse(frange.file_id);
         let file_edit = SourceFileEdit {
             file_id: frange.file_id,
-            edit: join_lines::join_lines(parse.tree(), frange.range),
+            edit: join_lines::join_lines(&parse.tree(), frange.range),
         };
         SourceChange::source_file_edit("join lines", file_edit)
     }
@@ -393,13 +393,13 @@ impl Analysis {
     /// file outline.
     pub fn file_structure(&self, file_id: FileId) -> Vec<StructureNode> {
         let parse = self.db.parse(file_id);
-        file_structure(parse.tree())
+        file_structure(&parse.tree())
     }
 
     /// Returns the set of folding ranges.
     pub fn folding_ranges(&self, file_id: FileId) -> Vec<Fold> {
         let parse = self.db.parse(file_id);
-        folding_ranges::folding_ranges(parse.tree())
+        folding_ranges::folding_ranges(&parse.tree())
     }
 
     /// Fuzzy searches for a symbol.
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/matching_brace.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/matching_brace.rs
index 455a5c891..102327fd7 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/matching_brace.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/matching_brace.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ mod tests {
         fn do_check(before: &str, after: &str) {
             let (pos, before) = extract_offset(before);
             let parse = SourceFile::parse(&before);
-            let new_pos = match matching_brace(parse.tree(), pos) {
+            let new_pos = match matching_brace(&parse.tree(), pos) {
                 None => pos,
                 Some(pos) => pos,
             };
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/name_ref_kind.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/name_ref_kind.rs
index 67381c9c8..6832acf5d 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/name_ref_kind.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/name_ref_kind.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ pub(crate) fn classify_name_ref(
     // Check if it is a method
     if let Some(method_call) = name_ref.syntax().parent().and_then(ast::MethodCallExpr::cast) {
         tested_by!(goto_definition_works_for_methods);
-        if let Some(func) = analyzer.resolve_method_call(method_call) {
+        if let Some(func) = analyzer.resolve_method_call(&method_call) {
             return Some(Method(func));
         }
     }
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ pub(crate) fn classify_name_ref(
         .and_then(ast::MacroCall::cast)
     {
         tested_by!(goto_definition_works_for_macros);
-        if let Some(mac) = analyzer.resolve_macro_call(db, macro_call) {
+        if let Some(mac) = analyzer.resolve_macro_call(db, &macro_call) {
             return Some(Macro(mac));
         }
     }
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ pub(crate) fn classify_name_ref(
     // It could also be a field access
     if let Some(field_expr) = name_ref.syntax().parent().and_then(ast::FieldExpr::cast) {
         tested_by!(goto_definition_works_for_fields);
-        if let Some(field) = analyzer.resolve_field(field_expr) {
+        if let Some(field) = analyzer.resolve_field(&field_expr) {
             return Some(FieldAccess(field));
         };
     }
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ pub(crate) fn classify_name_ref(
 
         let struct_lit = field_expr.syntax().ancestors().find_map(ast::StructLit::cast);
 
-        if let Some(ty) = struct_lit.and_then(|lit| analyzer.type_of(db, lit.into())) {
+        if let Some(ty) = struct_lit.and_then(|lit| analyzer.type_of(db, &lit.into())) {
             if let Some((hir::AdtDef::Struct(s), _)) = ty.as_adt() {
                 let hir_path = hir::Path::from_name_ref(name_ref);
                 let hir_name = hir_path.as_ident().unwrap();
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ pub(crate) fn classify_name_ref(
 
     // General case, a path or a local:
     if let Some(path) = name_ref.syntax().ancestors().find_map(ast::Path::cast) {
-        if let Some(resolved) = analyzer.resolve_path(db, path) {
+        if let Some(resolved) = analyzer.resolve_path(db, &path) {
             return match resolved {
                 hir::PathResolution::Def(def) => Some(Def(def)),
                 hir::PathResolution::LocalBinding(Either::A(pat)) => Some(Pat(pat)),
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/references.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/references.rs
index 0af1ae811..1c4cd49dc 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/references.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/references.rs
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ pub(crate) fn find_all_refs(
     position: FilePosition,
 ) -> Option<ReferenceSearchResult> {
     let parse = db.parse(position.file_id);
-    let (binding, analyzer) = find_binding(db, parse.tree(), position)?;
-    let declaration = NavigationTarget::from_bind_pat(position.file_id, binding);
+    let (binding, analyzer) = find_binding(db, &parse.tree(), position)?;
+    let declaration = NavigationTarget::from_bind_pat(position.file_id, &binding);
 
     let references = analyzer
-        .find_all_refs(binding)
+        .find_all_refs(&binding)
         .into_iter()
         .map(move |ref_desc| FileRange { file_id: position.file_id, range: ref_desc.range })
         .collect::<Vec<_>>();
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ pub(crate) fn find_all_refs(
 
     fn find_binding<'a>(
         db: &RootDatabase,
-        source_file: &'a SourceFile,
+        source_file: &SourceFile,
         position: FilePosition,
-    ) -> Option<(&'a ast::BindPat, hir::SourceAnalyzer)> {
+    ) -> Option<(ast::BindPat, hir::SourceAnalyzer)> {
         let syntax = source_file.syntax();
         if let Some(binding) = find_node_at_offset::<ast::BindPat>(syntax, position.offset) {
             let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, position.file_id, binding.syntax(), None);
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ pub(crate) fn find_all_refs(
         };
         let name_ref = find_node_at_offset::<ast::NameRef>(syntax, position.offset)?;
         let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, position.file_id, name_ref.syntax(), None);
-        let resolved = analyzer.resolve_local_name(name_ref)?;
+        let resolved = analyzer.resolve_local_name(&name_ref)?;
         if let Either::A(ptr) = resolved.ptr() {
             if let ast::PatKind::BindPat(binding) = ptr.to_node(source_file.syntax()).kind() {
                 return Some((binding, analyzer));
@@ -89,10 +89,10 @@ pub(crate) fn rename(
     new_name: &str,
 ) -> Option<SourceChange> {
     let parse = db.parse(position.file_id);
-    let syntax = parse.tree().syntax();
-
-    if let Some((ast_name, ast_module)) = find_name_and_module_at_offset(syntax, position) {
-        rename_mod(db, ast_name, ast_module, position, new_name)
+    if let Some((ast_name, ast_module)) =
+        find_name_and_module_at_offset(parse.tree().syntax(), position)
+    {
+        rename_mod(db, &ast_name, &ast_module, position, new_name)
     } else {
         rename_reference(db, position, new_name)
     }
@@ -101,14 +101,10 @@ pub(crate) fn rename(
 fn find_name_and_module_at_offset(
     syntax: &SyntaxNode,
     position: FilePosition,
-) -> Option<(&ast::Name, &ast::Module)> {
-    let ast_name = find_node_at_offset::<ast::Name>(syntax, position.offset);
-    let ast_name_parent = ast::Module::cast(ast_name?.syntax().parent()?);
-
-    if let (Some(ast_module), Some(name)) = (ast_name_parent, ast_name) {
-        return Some((name, ast_module));
-    }
-    None
+) -> Option<(ast::Name, ast::Module)> {
+    let ast_name = find_node_at_offset::<ast::Name>(syntax, position.offset)?;
+    let ast_module = ast::Module::cast(ast_name.syntax().parent()?)?;
+    Some((ast_name, ast_module))
 }
 
 fn source_edit_from_fileid_range(
@@ -135,7 +131,8 @@ fn rename_mod(
 ) -> Option<SourceChange> {
     let mut source_file_edits = Vec::new();
     let mut file_system_edits = Vec::new();
-    if let Some(module) = source_binder::module_from_declaration(db, position.file_id, &ast_module)
+    if let Some(module) =
+        source_binder::module_from_declaration(db, position.file_id, ast_module.clone())
     {
         let src = module.definition_source(db);
         let file_id = src.file_id.as_original_file();
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/runnables.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/runnables.rs
index 8cb859b37..200958434 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/runnables.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/runnables.rs
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ pub(crate) fn runnables(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId) -> Vec<Runnable> {
     parse.tree().syntax().descendants().filter_map(|i| runnable(db, file_id, i)).collect()
 }
 
-fn runnable(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId, item: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<Runnable> {
-    if let Some(fn_def) = ast::FnDef::cast(item) {
+fn runnable(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId, item: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Runnable> {
+    if let Some(fn_def) = ast::FnDef::cast(item.clone()) {
         runnable_fn(fn_def)
     } else if let Some(m) = ast::Module::cast(item) {
         runnable_mod(db, file_id, m)
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ fn runnable(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId, item: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<Run
     }
 }
 
-fn runnable_fn(fn_def: &ast::FnDef) -> Option<Runnable> {
-    let name = fn_def.name()?.text();
+fn runnable_fn(fn_def: ast::FnDef) -> Option<Runnable> {
+    let name = fn_def.name()?.text().clone();
     let kind = if name == "main" {
         RunnableKind::Bin
     } else if fn_def.has_atom_attr("test") {
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ fn runnable_fn(fn_def: &ast::FnDef) -> Option<Runnable> {
     Some(Runnable { range: fn_def.syntax().range(), kind })
 }
 
-fn runnable_mod(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId, module: &ast::Module) -> Option<Runnable> {
+fn runnable_mod(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId, module: ast::Module) -> Option<Runnable> {
     let has_test_function = module
         .item_list()?
         .items()
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/status.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/status.rs
index a31e15245..d533d1742 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/status.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/status.rs
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ impl FromIterator<TableEntry<MacroFile, Option<Parse<SyntaxNode>>>> for SyntaxTr
         let mut res = SyntaxTreeStats::default();
         for entry in iter {
             res.total += 1;
-            if let Some(tree) = entry.value.and_then(|it| it).map(|it| it.tree().to_owned()) {
+            if let Some(tree) = entry.value.and_then(|it| it).map(|it| it.syntax_node()) {
                 res.retained += 1;
                 res.retained_size += tree.memory_size_of_subtree();
             }
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/symbol_index.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/symbol_index.rs
index 9b3a45319..e784b5f69 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/symbol_index.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/symbol_index.rs
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ fn file_symbols(db: &impl SymbolsDatabase, file_id: FileId) -> Arc<SymbolIndex>
     db.check_canceled();
     let parse = db.parse(file_id);
 
-    let symbols = source_file_to_file_symbols(parse.tree(), file_id);
+    let symbols = source_file_to_file_symbols(&parse.tree(), file_id);
 
     // FIXME: add macros here
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ impl SymbolIndex {
         files: impl ParallelIterator<Item = (FileId, Parse<ast::SourceFile>)>,
     ) -> SymbolIndex {
         let symbols = files
-            .flat_map(|(file_id, file)| source_file_to_file_symbols(file.tree(), file_id))
+            .flat_map(|(file_id, file)| source_file_to_file_symbols(&file.tree(), file_id))
             .collect::<Vec<_>>();
         SymbolIndex::new(symbols)
     }
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ fn source_file_to_file_symbols(source_file: &SourceFile, file_id: FileId) -> Vec
     for event in source_file.syntax().preorder() {
         match event {
             WalkEvent::Enter(node) => {
-                if let Some(mut symbol) = to_file_symbol(node, file_id) {
+                if let Some(mut symbol) = to_file_symbol(&node, file_id) {
                     symbol.container_name = stack.last().cloned();
 
                     stack.push(symbol.name.clone());
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ fn source_file_to_file_symbols(source_file: &SourceFile, file_id: FileId) -> Vec
             }
 
             WalkEvent::Leave(node) => {
-                if to_symbol(node).is_some() {
+                if to_symbol(&node).is_some() {
                     stack.pop();
                 }
             }
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ fn source_file_to_file_symbols(source_file: &SourceFile, file_id: FileId) -> Vec
 }
 
 fn to_symbol(node: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<(SmolStr, SyntaxNodePtr, TextRange)> {
-    fn decl<N: NameOwner>(node: &N) -> Option<(SmolStr, SyntaxNodePtr, TextRange)> {
+    fn decl<N: NameOwner>(node: N) -> Option<(SmolStr, SyntaxNodePtr, TextRange)> {
         let name = node.name()?;
         let name_range = name.syntax().range();
         let name = name.text().clone();
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/syntax_highlighting.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/syntax_highlighting.rs
index eb392d5da..16a728789 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/syntax_highlighting.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/syntax_highlighting.rs
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ fn is_control_keyword(kind: SyntaxKind) -> bool {
     }
 }
 
-fn is_variable_mutable(db: &RootDatabase, analyzer: &hir::SourceAnalyzer, pat: &ast::Pat) -> bool {
-    let ty = analyzer.type_of_pat(db, pat).unwrap_or(Ty::Unknown);
+fn is_variable_mutable(db: &RootDatabase, analyzer: &hir::SourceAnalyzer, pat: ast::Pat) -> bool {
+    let ty = analyzer.type_of_pat(db, &pat).unwrap_or(Ty::Unknown);
     let is_ty_mut = {
         if let Some((_, mutability)) = ty.as_reference() {
             match mutability {
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ fn is_variable_mutable(db: &RootDatabase, analyzer: &hir::SourceAnalyzer, pat: &
 pub(crate) fn highlight(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId) -> Vec<HighlightedRange> {
     let _p = profile("highlight");
     let parse = db.parse(file_id);
-    let root = parse.tree().syntax();
+    let root = parse.tree().syntax().clone();
 
     fn calc_binding_hash(file_id: FileId, text: &SmolStr, shadow_count: u32) -> u64 {
         fn hash<T: std::hash::Hash + std::fmt::Debug>(x: T) -> u64 {
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ pub(crate) fn highlight(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId) -> Vec<HighlightedRa
     }
 
     // Visited nodes to handle highlighting priorities
+    // FIXME: retain only ranges here
     let mut highlighted: FxHashSet<SyntaxElement> = FxHashSet::default();
     let mut bindings_shadow_count: FxHashMap<SmolStr, u32> = FxHashMap::default();
 
@@ -84,14 +85,14 @@ pub(crate) fn highlight(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId) -> Vec<HighlightedRa
             STRING | RAW_STRING | RAW_BYTE_STRING | BYTE_STRING => "string",
             ATTR => "attribute",
             NAME_REF => {
-                if let Some(name_ref) = node.as_node().and_then(ast::NameRef::cast) {
+                if let Some(name_ref) = node.as_node().cloned().and_then(ast::NameRef::cast) {
                     // FIXME: revisit this after #1340
                     use crate::name_ref_kind::{classify_name_ref, NameRefKind::*};
                     use hir::{ImplItem, ModuleDef};
 
                     // FIXME: try to reuse the SourceAnalyzers
                     let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, file_id, name_ref.syntax(), None);
-                    match classify_name_ref(db, &analyzer, name_ref) {
+                    match classify_name_ref(db, &analyzer, &name_ref) {
                         Some(Method(_)) => "function",
                         Some(Macro(_)) => "macro",
                         Some(FieldAccess(_)) => "field",
@@ -113,13 +114,13 @@ pub(crate) fn highlight(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId) -> Vec<HighlightedRa
                         Some(Pat(ptr)) => {
                             binding_hash = Some({
                                 let text =
-                                    ptr.syntax_node_ptr().to_node(root).text().to_smol_string();
+                                    ptr.syntax_node_ptr().to_node(&root).text().to_smol_string();
                                 let shadow_count =
                                     bindings_shadow_count.entry(text.clone()).or_default();
                                 calc_binding_hash(file_id, &text, *shadow_count)
                             });
 
-                            if is_variable_mutable(db, &analyzer, ptr.to_node(root)) {
+                            if is_variable_mutable(db, &analyzer, ptr.to_node(&root)) {
                                 "variable.mut"
                             } else {
                                 "variable"
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ pub(crate) fn highlight(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId) -> Vec<HighlightedRa
                 }
             }
             NAME => {
-                if let Some(name) = node.as_node().and_then(ast::Name::cast) {
+                if let Some(name) = node.as_node().cloned().and_then(ast::Name::cast) {
                     let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, file_id, name.syntax(), None);
                     if let Some(pat) = name.syntax().ancestors().find_map(ast::Pat::cast) {
                         binding_hash = Some({
@@ -176,12 +177,11 @@ pub(crate) fn highlight(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId) -> Vec<HighlightedRa
             k if is_control_keyword(k) => "keyword.control",
             k if k.is_keyword() => "keyword",
             _ => {
-                // let analyzer = hir::SourceAnalyzer::new(db, file_id, name_ref.syntax(), None);
-                if let Some(macro_call) = node.as_node().and_then(ast::MacroCall::cast) {
+                if let Some(macro_call) = node.as_node().cloned().and_then(ast::MacroCall::cast) {
                     if let Some(path) = macro_call.path() {
                         if let Some(segment) = path.segment() {
                             if let Some(name_ref) = segment.name_ref() {
-                                highlighted.insert(name_ref.syntax().into());
+                                highlighted.insert(name_ref.syntax().clone().into());
                                 let range_start = name_ref.syntax().range().start();
                                 let mut range_end = name_ref.syntax().range().end();
                                 for sibling in path.syntax().siblings_with_tokens(Direction::Next) {
@@ -230,7 +230,8 @@ pub(crate) fn highlight_as_html(db: &RootDatabase, file_id: FileId, rainbow: boo
     let mut buf = String::new();
     buf.push_str(&STYLE);
     buf.push_str("<pre><code>");
-    let tokens = parse.tree().syntax().descendants_with_tokens().filter_map(|it| it.as_token());
+    let tokens =
+        parse.tree().syntax().descendants_with_tokens().filter_map(|it| it.as_token().cloned());
     for token in tokens {
         could_intersect.retain(|it| token.range().start() <= it.range.end());
         while let Some(r) = ranges.get(frontier) {
diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/syntax_tree.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/syntax_tree.rs
index b3e08c041..3d7373d02 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/syntax_tree.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/syntax_tree.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub(crate) fn syntax_tree(
         let node = match algo::find_covering_element(parse.tree().syntax(), text_range) {

             SyntaxElement::Node(node) => node,

             SyntaxElement::Token(token) => {

-                if let Some(tree) = syntax_tree_for_string(token, text_range) {

+                if let Some(tree) = syntax_tree_for_string(&token, text_range) {

                     return tree;

                 }

                 token.parent()

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ pub(crate) fn syntax_tree(
 

 /// Attempts parsing the selected contents of a string literal

 /// as rust syntax and returns its syntax tree

-fn syntax_tree_for_string(token: SyntaxToken, text_range: TextRange) -> Option<String> {

+fn syntax_tree_for_string(token: &SyntaxToken, text_range: TextRange) -> Option<String> {

     // When the range is inside a string

     // we'll attempt parsing it as rust syntax

     // to provide the syntax tree of the contents of the string

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ fn syntax_tree_for_string(token: SyntaxToken, text_range: TextRange) -> Option<S
     }

 }

 

-fn syntax_tree_for_token(node: SyntaxToken, text_range: TextRange) -> Option<String> {

+fn syntax_tree_for_token(node: &SyntaxToken, text_range: TextRange) -> Option<String> {

     // Range of the full node

     let node_range = node.range();

     let text = node.text().to_string();

diff --git a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/typing.rs b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/typing.rs
index 01eb32b2f..ad0ababcc 100644
--- a/crates/ra_ide_api/src/typing.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_ide_api/src/typing.rs
@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
-use crate::{db::RootDatabase, SourceChange, SourceFileEdit};
 use ra_db::{FilePosition, SourceDatabase};
 use ra_fmt::leading_indent;
 use ra_syntax::{
     algo::{find_node_at_offset, find_token_at_offset, TokenAtOffset},
     ast::{self, AstToken},
-    AstNode, SourceFile,
+    AstNode, SmolStr, SourceFile,
     SyntaxKind::*,
     SyntaxToken, TextRange, TextUnit,
 };
 use ra_text_edit::{TextEdit, TextEditBuilder};
 
+use crate::{db::RootDatabase, SourceChange, SourceFileEdit};
+
 pub(crate) fn on_enter(db: &RootDatabase, position: FilePosition) -> Option<SourceChange> {
     let parse = db.parse(position.file_id);
     let file = parse.tree();
@@ -43,15 +44,15 @@ pub(crate) fn on_enter(db: &RootDatabase, position: FilePosition) -> Option<Sour
     )
 }
 
-fn node_indent<'a>(file: &'a SourceFile, token: SyntaxToken) -> Option<&'a str> {
+fn node_indent(file: &SourceFile, token: &SyntaxToken) -> Option<SmolStr> {
     let ws = match find_token_at_offset(file.syntax(), token.range().start()) {
         TokenAtOffset::Between(l, r) => {
-            assert!(r == token);
+            assert!(r == *token);
             l
         }
         TokenAtOffset::Single(n) => {
-            assert!(n == token);
-            return Some("");
+            assert!(n == *token);
+            return Some("".into());
         }
         TokenAtOffset::None => unreachable!(),
     };
@@ -60,12 +61,12 @@ fn node_indent<'a>(file: &'a SourceFile, token: SyntaxToken) -> Option<&'a str>
     }
     let text = ws.text();
     let pos = text.rfind('\n').map(|it| it + 1).unwrap_or(0);
-    Some(&text[pos..])
+    Some(text[pos..].into())
 }
 
 pub fn on_eq_typed(file: &SourceFile, eq_offset: TextUnit) -> Option<TextEdit> {
     assert_eq!(file.syntax().text().char_at(eq_offset), Some('='));
-    let let_stmt: &ast::LetStmt = find_node_at_offset(file.syntax(), eq_offset)?;
+    let let_stmt: ast::LetStmt = find_node_at_offset(file.syntax(), eq_offset)?;
     if let_stmt.has_semi() {
         return None;
     }
@@ -141,7 +142,7 @@ mod tests {
             edit.insert(offset, "=".to_string());
             let before = edit.finish().apply(&before);
             let parse = SourceFile::parse(&before);
-            if let Some(result) = on_eq_typed(parse.tree(), offset) {
+            if let Some(result) = on_eq_typed(&parse.tree(), offset) {
                 let actual = result.apply(&before);
                 assert_eq_text!(after, &actual);
             } else {
diff --git a/crates/ra_mbe/src/mbe_expander.rs b/crates/ra_mbe/src/mbe_expander.rs
index c7c06c7fd..f185aecb7 100644
--- a/crates/ra_mbe/src/mbe_expander.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_mbe/src/mbe_expander.rs
@@ -599,7 +599,8 @@ mod tests {
         let macro_definition =
             source_file.syntax().descendants().find_map(ast::MacroCall::cast).unwrap();
 
-        let (definition_tt, _) = ast_to_token_tree(macro_definition.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
+        let (definition_tt, _) =
+            ast_to_token_tree(&macro_definition.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
         crate::MacroRules::parse(&definition_tt).unwrap()
     }
 
@@ -611,7 +612,8 @@ mod tests {
         let macro_invocation =
             source_file.syntax().descendants().find_map(ast::MacroCall::cast).unwrap();
 
-        let (invocation_tt, _) = ast_to_token_tree(macro_invocation.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
+        let (invocation_tt, _) =
+            ast_to_token_tree(&macro_invocation.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
 
         expand_rule(&rules.rules[0], &invocation_tt)
     }
diff --git a/crates/ra_mbe/src/mbe_parser.rs b/crates/ra_mbe/src/mbe_parser.rs
index cddb4a7b4..954b84d9d 100644
--- a/crates/ra_mbe/src/mbe_parser.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_mbe/src/mbe_parser.rs
@@ -179,7 +179,8 @@ mod tests {
         let macro_definition =
             source_file.syntax().descendants().find_map(ast::MacroCall::cast).unwrap();
 
-        let (definition_tt, _) = ast_to_token_tree(macro_definition.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
+        let (definition_tt, _) =
+            ast_to_token_tree(&macro_definition.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
         parse(&definition_tt)
     }
 
diff --git a/crates/ra_mbe/src/syntax_bridge.rs b/crates/ra_mbe/src/syntax_bridge.rs
index bfc351f81..64ed6a517 100644
--- a/crates/ra_mbe/src/syntax_bridge.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_mbe/src/syntax_bridge.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::subtree_source::SubtreeTokenSource;
 use crate::ExpandError;
 use ra_parser::{ParseError, TreeSink};
 use ra_syntax::{
-    ast, AstNode, Parse, SmolStr, SyntaxElement, SyntaxKind, SyntaxKind::*, SyntaxNode,
+    ast, AstNode, AstToken, Parse, SmolStr, SyntaxElement, SyntaxKind, SyntaxKind::*, SyntaxNode,
     SyntaxTreeBuilder, TextRange, TextUnit, T,
 };
 use tt::buffer::{Cursor, TokenBuffer};
@@ -116,8 +116,6 @@ impl TokenMap {
 /// and strips the ending `*/`
 /// And then quote the string, which is needed to convert to `tt::Literal`
 fn doc_comment_text(comment: &ast::Comment) -> SmolStr {
-    use ast::AstToken;
-
     let prefix_len = comment.prefix().len();
     let mut text = &comment.text()[prefix_len..];
 
@@ -132,9 +130,8 @@ fn doc_comment_text(comment: &ast::Comment) -> SmolStr {
     text.into()
 }
 
-fn convert_doc_comment<'a>(token: &ra_syntax::SyntaxToken<'a>) -> Option<Vec<tt::TokenTree>> {
-    use ast::AstToken;
-    let comment = ast::Comment::cast(*token)?;
+fn convert_doc_comment(token: &ra_syntax::SyntaxToken) -> Option<Vec<tt::TokenTree>> {
+    let comment = ast::Comment::cast(token.clone())?;
     let doc = comment.kind().doc?;
 
     // Make `doc="\" Comments\""
@@ -245,7 +242,7 @@ fn convert_tt(
                 }
             }
             SyntaxElement::Node(node) => {
-                let child = convert_tt(token_map, global_offset, node)?.into();
+                let child = convert_tt(token_map, global_offset, &node)?.into();
                 token_trees.push(child);
             }
         };
diff --git a/crates/ra_mbe/src/tests.rs b/crates/ra_mbe/src/tests.rs
index 419b2c099..38a31109d 100644
--- a/crates/ra_mbe/src/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_mbe/src/tests.rs
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ impl_froms!(TokenTree: Leaf, Subtree);
     let macro_invocation =
         source_file.syntax().descendants().find_map(ast::MacroCall::cast).unwrap();
 
-    let (definition_tt, _) = ast_to_token_tree(macro_definition.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
-    let (invocation_tt, _) = ast_to_token_tree(macro_invocation.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
+    let (definition_tt, _) = ast_to_token_tree(&macro_definition.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
+    let (invocation_tt, _) = ast_to_token_tree(&macro_invocation.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
     let rules = crate::MacroRules::parse(&definition_tt).unwrap();
     let expansion = rules.expand(&invocation_tt).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ pub(crate) fn create_rules(macro_definition: &str) -> MacroRules {
     let macro_definition =
         source_file.syntax().descendants().find_map(ast::MacroCall::cast).unwrap();
 
-    let (definition_tt, _) = ast_to_token_tree(macro_definition.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
+    let (definition_tt, _) = ast_to_token_tree(&macro_definition.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
     crate::MacroRules::parse(&definition_tt).unwrap()
 }
 
@@ -62,34 +62,25 @@ pub(crate) fn expand(rules: &MacroRules, invocation: &str) -> tt::Subtree {
     let macro_invocation =
         source_file.syntax().descendants().find_map(ast::MacroCall::cast).unwrap();
 
-    let (invocation_tt, _) = ast_to_token_tree(macro_invocation.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
+    let (invocation_tt, _) = ast_to_token_tree(&macro_invocation.token_tree().unwrap()).unwrap();
 
     rules.expand(&invocation_tt).unwrap()
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn expand_to_items(
-    rules: &MacroRules,
-    invocation: &str,
-) -> ra_syntax::TreeArc<ast::MacroItems> {
+pub(crate) fn expand_to_items(rules: &MacroRules, invocation: &str) -> ast::MacroItems {
     let expanded = expand(rules, invocation);
-    token_tree_to_macro_items(&expanded).unwrap().tree().to_owned()
+    token_tree_to_macro_items(&expanded).unwrap().tree()
 }
 
 #[allow(unused)]
-pub(crate) fn expand_to_stmts(
-    rules: &MacroRules,
-    invocation: &str,
-) -> ra_syntax::TreeArc<ast::MacroStmts> {
+pub(crate) fn expand_to_stmts(rules: &MacroRules, invocation: &str) -> ast::MacroStmts {
     let expanded = expand(rules, invocation);
-    token_tree_to_macro_stmts(&expanded).unwrap().tree().to_owned()
+    token_tree_to_macro_stmts(&expanded).unwrap().tree()
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn expand_to_expr(
-    rules: &MacroRules,
-    invocation: &str,
-) -> ra_syntax::TreeArc<ast::Expr> {
+pub(crate) fn expand_to_expr(rules: &MacroRules, invocation: &str) -> ast::Expr {
     let expanded = expand(rules, invocation);
-    token_tree_to_expr(&expanded).unwrap().tree().to_owned()
+    token_tree_to_expr(&expanded).unwrap().tree()
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn text_to_tokentree(text: &str) -> tt::Subtree {
@@ -97,7 +88,7 @@ pub(crate) fn text_to_tokentree(text: &str) -> tt::Subtree {
     let wrapped = format!("wrap_macro!( {} )", text);
     let wrapped = ast::SourceFile::parse(&wrapped);
     let wrapped = wrapped.tree().syntax().descendants().find_map(ast::TokenTree::cast).unwrap();
-    let mut wrapped = ast_to_token_tree(wrapped).unwrap().0;
+    let mut wrapped = ast_to_token_tree(&wrapped).unwrap().0;
     wrapped.delimiter = tt::Delimiter::None;
 
     wrapped
@@ -164,8 +155,8 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_expansion(
 
     let (expanded_tree, expected_tree) = match kind {
         MacroKind::Items => {
-            let expanded_tree = token_tree_to_macro_items(&expanded).unwrap().tree().to_owned();
-            let expected_tree = token_tree_to_macro_items(&expected).unwrap().tree().to_owned();
+            let expanded_tree = token_tree_to_macro_items(&expanded).unwrap().tree();
+            let expected_tree = token_tree_to_macro_items(&expected).unwrap().tree();
 
             (
                 debug_dump_ignore_spaces(expanded_tree.syntax()).trim().to_string(),
@@ -174,8 +165,8 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_expansion(
         }
 
         MacroKind::Stmts => {
-            let expanded_tree = token_tree_to_macro_stmts(&expanded).unwrap().tree().to_owned();
-            let expected_tree = token_tree_to_macro_stmts(&expected).unwrap().tree().to_owned();
+            let expanded_tree = token_tree_to_macro_stmts(&expanded).unwrap().tree();
+            let expected_tree = token_tree_to_macro_stmts(&expected).unwrap().tree();
 
             (
                 debug_dump_ignore_spaces(expanded_tree.syntax()).trim().to_string(),
@@ -419,7 +410,7 @@ fn test_expand_to_item_list() {
             ",
     );
     let expansion = expand(&rules, "structs!(Foo, Bar);");
-    let tree = token_tree_to_macro_items(&expansion).unwrap().tree().to_owned();
+    let tree = token_tree_to_macro_items(&expansion).unwrap().tree();
     assert_eq!(
         tree.syntax().debug_dump().trim(),
         r#"
@@ -537,7 +528,7 @@ fn test_tt_to_stmts() {
     );
 
     let expanded = expand(&rules, "foo!{}");
-    let stmts = token_tree_to_macro_stmts(&expanded).unwrap().tree().to_owned();
+    let stmts = token_tree_to_macro_stmts(&expanded).unwrap().tree();
 
     assert_eq!(
         stmts.syntax().debug_dump().trim(),
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/Cargo.toml b/crates/ra_syntax/Cargo.toml
index 37a91ea35..a5565de33 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ repository = "https://github.com/rust-analyzer/rust-analyzer"
 [dependencies]
 unicode-xid = "0.1.0"
 itertools = "0.8.0"
-rowan = "0.5.0"
+rowan = "0.5.6"
 
 # ideally, `serde` should be enabled by `ra_lsp_server`, but we enable it here
 # to reduce number of compilations
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/algo.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/algo.rs
index fad8da132..e2de5e0e3 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/algo.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/algo.rs
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ pub use rowan::TokenAtOffset;
 pub fn find_token_at_offset(node: &SyntaxNode, offset: TextUnit) -> TokenAtOffset<SyntaxToken> {
     match node.0.token_at_offset(offset) {
         TokenAtOffset::None => TokenAtOffset::None,
-        TokenAtOffset::Single(n) => TokenAtOffset::Single(n.into()),
-        TokenAtOffset::Between(l, r) => TokenAtOffset::Between(l.into(), r.into()),
+        TokenAtOffset::Single(n) => TokenAtOffset::Single(SyntaxToken(n)),
+        TokenAtOffset::Between(l, r) => TokenAtOffset::Between(SyntaxToken(l), SyntaxToken(r)),
     }
 }
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ pub fn find_token_at_offset(node: &SyntaxNode, offset: TextUnit) -> TokenAtOffse
 pub fn ancestors_at_offset(
     node: &SyntaxNode,
     offset: TextUnit,
-) -> impl Iterator<Item = &SyntaxNode> {
+) -> impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxNode> {
     find_token_at_offset(node, offset)
         .map(|token| token.parent().ancestors())
         .kmerge_by(|node1, node2| node1.range().len() < node2.range().len())
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ pub fn ancestors_at_offset(
 /// ```
 ///
 /// then the shorter node will be silently preferred.
-pub fn find_node_at_offset<N: AstNode>(syntax: &SyntaxNode, offset: TextUnit) -> Option<&N> {
+pub fn find_node_at_offset<N: AstNode>(syntax: &SyntaxNode, offset: TextUnit) -> Option<N> {
     ancestors_at_offset(syntax, offset).find_map(N::cast)
 }
 
@@ -59,5 +59,5 @@ pub fn non_trivia_sibling(element: SyntaxElement, direction: Direction) -> Optio
 }
 
 pub fn find_covering_element(root: &SyntaxNode, range: TextRange) -> SyntaxElement {
-    root.0.covering_node(range).into()
+    SyntaxElement::new(root.0.covering_node(range))
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/algo/visit.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/algo/visit.rs
index 81a99228f..87bd15cc0 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/algo/visit.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/algo/visit.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ pub trait Visitor<'a>: Sized {
     fn visit<N, F>(self, f: F) -> Vis<Self, N, F>
     where
         N: AstNode + 'a,
-        F: FnOnce(&'a N) -> Self::Output,
+        F: FnOnce(N) -> Self::Output,
     {
         Vis { inner: self, f, ph: PhantomData }
     }
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ pub trait VisitorCtx<'a>: Sized {
     fn visit<N, F>(self, f: F) -> VisCtx<Self, N, F>
     where
         N: AstNode + 'a,
-        F: FnOnce(&'a N, Self::Ctx) -> Self::Output,
+        F: FnOnce(N, Self::Ctx) -> Self::Output,
     {
         VisCtx { inner: self, f, ph: PhantomData }
     }
@@ -74,13 +74,13 @@ impl<'a, V, N, F> Visitor<'a> for Vis<V, N, F>
 where
     V: Visitor<'a>,
     N: AstNode + 'a,
-    F: FnOnce(&'a N) -> <V as Visitor<'a>>::Output,
+    F: FnOnce(N) -> <V as Visitor<'a>>::Output,
 {
     type Output = <V as Visitor<'a>>::Output;
 
     fn accept(self, node: &'a SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self::Output> {
         let Vis { inner, f, .. } = self;
-        inner.accept(node).or_else(|| N::cast(node).map(f))
+        inner.accept(node).or_else(|| N::cast(node.clone()).map(f))
     }
 }
 
@@ -95,14 +95,14 @@ impl<'a, V, N, F> VisitorCtx<'a> for VisCtx<V, N, F>
 where
     V: VisitorCtx<'a>,
     N: AstNode + 'a,
-    F: FnOnce(&'a N, <V as VisitorCtx<'a>>::Ctx) -> <V as VisitorCtx<'a>>::Output,
+    F: FnOnce(N, <V as VisitorCtx<'a>>::Ctx) -> <V as VisitorCtx<'a>>::Output,
 {
     type Output = <V as VisitorCtx<'a>>::Output;
     type Ctx = <V as VisitorCtx<'a>>::Ctx;
 
     fn accept(self, node: &'a SyntaxNode) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Ctx> {
         let VisCtx { inner, f, .. } = self;
-        inner.accept(node).or_else(|ctx| match N::cast(node) {
+        inner.accept(node).or_else(|ctx| match N::cast(node.clone()) {
             None => Err(ctx),
             Some(node) => Ok(f(node, ctx)),
         })
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast.rs
index 3dcf39f7e..ceb603c50 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ mod expr_extensions;
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
 
 use crate::{
-    syntax_node::{SyntaxNode, SyntaxNodeChildren, SyntaxToken, TreeArc},
+    syntax_node::{SyntaxNode, SyntaxNodeChildren, SyntaxToken},
     SmolStr,
 };
 
@@ -25,51 +25,49 @@ pub use self::{
 /// conversion itself has zero runtime cost: ast and syntax nodes have exactly
 /// the same representation: a pointer to the tree root and a pointer to the
 /// node itself.
-pub trait AstNode:
-    rowan::TransparentNewType<Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode> + ToOwned<Owned = TreeArc<Self>>
-{
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self>
+pub trait AstNode: Clone {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self>
     where
         Self: Sized;
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode;
 }
 
 /// Like `AstNode`, but wraps tokens rather than interior nodes.
-pub trait AstToken<'a> {
-    fn cast(token: SyntaxToken<'a>) -> Option<Self>
+pub trait AstToken {
+    fn cast(token: SyntaxToken) -> Option<Self>
     where
         Self: Sized;
-    fn syntax(&self) -> SyntaxToken<'a>;
-    fn text(&self) -> &'a SmolStr {
+    fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxToken;
+    fn text(&self) -> &SmolStr {
         self.syntax().text()
     }
 }
 
 /// An iterator over `SyntaxNode` children of a particular AST type.
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct AstChildren<'a, N> {
-    inner: SyntaxNodeChildren<'a>,
+pub struct AstChildren<N> {
+    inner: SyntaxNodeChildren,
     ph: PhantomData<N>,
 }
 
-impl<'a, N> AstChildren<'a, N> {
-    fn new(parent: &'a SyntaxNode) -> Self {
+impl<N> AstChildren<N> {
+    fn new(parent: &SyntaxNode) -> Self {
         AstChildren { inner: parent.children(), ph: PhantomData }
     }
 }
 
-impl<'a, N: AstNode + 'a> Iterator for AstChildren<'a, N> {
-    type Item = &'a N;
-    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<&'a N> {
+impl<N: AstNode> Iterator for AstChildren<N> {
+    type Item = N;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<N> {
         self.inner.by_ref().find_map(N::cast)
     }
 }
 
-fn child_opt<P: AstNode, C: AstNode>(parent: &P) -> Option<&C> {
+fn child_opt<P: AstNode + ?Sized, C: AstNode>(parent: &P) -> Option<C> {
     children(parent).next()
 }
 
-fn children<P: AstNode, C: AstNode>(parent: &P) -> AstChildren<C> {
+fn children<P: AstNode + ?Sized, C: AstNode>(parent: &P) -> AstChildren<C> {
     AstChildren::new(parent.syntax())
 }
 
@@ -123,7 +121,7 @@ fn test_doc_comment_preserves_indents() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_where_predicates() {
-    fn assert_bound(text: &str, bound: Option<&TypeBound>) {
+    fn assert_bound(text: &str, bound: Option<TypeBound>) {
         assert_eq!(text, bound.unwrap().syntax().text().to_string());
     }
 
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/expr_extensions.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/expr_extensions.rs
index 4355e3587..ca1773908 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/expr_extensions.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/expr_extensions.rs
@@ -8,20 +8,20 @@ use crate::{
 };
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum ElseBranch<'a> {
-    Block(&'a ast::Block),
-    IfExpr(&'a ast::IfExpr),
+pub enum ElseBranch {
+    Block(ast::Block),
+    IfExpr(ast::IfExpr),
 }
 
 impl ast::IfExpr {
-    pub fn then_branch(&self) -> Option<&ast::Block> {
+    pub fn then_branch(&self) -> Option<ast::Block> {
         self.blocks().nth(0)
     }
     pub fn else_branch(&self) -> Option<ElseBranch> {
         let res = match self.blocks().nth(1) {
             Some(block) => ElseBranch::Block(block),
             None => {
-                let elif: &ast::IfExpr = child_opt(self)?;
+                let elif: ast::IfExpr = child_opt(self)?;
                 ElseBranch::IfExpr(elif)
             }
         };
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ impl ast::PrefixExpr {
     }
 
     pub fn op_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxToken> {
-        self.syntax().first_child_or_token()?.as_token()
+        self.syntax().first_child_or_token()?.as_token().cloned()
     }
 }
 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ pub enum BinOp {
 
 impl ast::BinExpr {
     fn op_details(&self) -> Option<(SyntaxToken, BinOp)> {
-        self.syntax().children_with_tokens().filter_map(|it| it.as_token()).find_map(|c| {
+        self.syntax().children_with_tokens().filter_map(|it| it.as_token().cloned()).find_map(|c| {
             match c.kind() {
                 T![||] => Some((c, BinOp::BooleanOr)),
                 T![&&] => Some((c, BinOp::BooleanAnd)),
@@ -178,15 +178,15 @@ impl ast::BinExpr {
         self.op_details().map(|t| t.0)
     }
 
-    pub fn lhs(&self) -> Option<&ast::Expr> {
+    pub fn lhs(&self) -> Option<ast::Expr> {
         children(self).nth(0)
     }
 
-    pub fn rhs(&self) -> Option<&ast::Expr> {
+    pub fn rhs(&self) -> Option<ast::Expr> {
         children(self).nth(1)
     }
 
-    pub fn sub_exprs(&self) -> (Option<&ast::Expr>, Option<&ast::Expr>) {
+    pub fn sub_exprs(&self) -> (Option<ast::Expr>, Option<ast::Expr>) {
         let mut children = children(self);
         let first = children.next();
         let second = children.next();
@@ -194,9 +194,9 @@ impl ast::BinExpr {
     }
 }
 
-pub enum ArrayExprKind<'a> {
-    Repeat { initializer: Option<&'a ast::Expr>, repeat: Option<&'a ast::Expr> },
-    ElementList(AstChildren<'a, ast::Expr>),
+pub enum ArrayExprKind {
+    Repeat { initializer: Option<ast::Expr>, repeat: Option<ast::Expr> },
+    ElementList(AstChildren<ast::Expr>),
 }
 
 impl ast::ArrayExpr {
@@ -275,12 +275,12 @@ impl ast::Literal {
 #[test]
 fn test_literal_with_attr() {
     let parse = ast::SourceFile::parse(r#"const _: &str = { #[attr] "Hello" };"#);
-    let lit = parse.tree.syntax().descendants().find_map(ast::Literal::cast).unwrap();
+    let lit = parse.tree().syntax().descendants().find_map(ast::Literal::cast).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(lit.token().text(), r#""Hello""#);
 }
 
 impl ast::NamedField {
-    pub fn parent_struct_lit(&self) -> &ast::StructLit {
+    pub fn parent_struct_lit(&self) -> ast::StructLit {
         self.syntax().ancestors().find_map(ast::StructLit::cast).unwrap()
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/extensions.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/extensions.rs
index 72a30232d..5420f67ff 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/extensions.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/extensions.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 use itertools::Itertools;
 
 use crate::{
-    ast::{self, child_opt, children, AstNode},
+    ast::{self, child_opt, children, AstNode, SyntaxNode},
     SmolStr, SyntaxElement,
     SyntaxKind::*,
     SyntaxToken, T,
@@ -13,15 +13,20 @@ use ra_parser::SyntaxKind;
 
 impl ast::Name {
     pub fn text(&self) -> &SmolStr {
-        let ident = self.syntax().first_child_or_token().unwrap().as_token().unwrap();
-        ident.text()
+        text_of_first_token(self.syntax())
     }
 }
 
 impl ast::NameRef {
     pub fn text(&self) -> &SmolStr {
-        let ident = self.syntax().first_child_or_token().unwrap().as_token().unwrap();
-        ident.text()
+        text_of_first_token(self.syntax())
+    }
+}
+
+fn text_of_first_token(node: &SyntaxNode) -> &SmolStr {
+    match node.0.green().children().first() {
+        Some(rowan::GreenElement::Token(it)) => it.text(),
+        _ => panic!(),
     }
 }
 
@@ -50,10 +55,10 @@ impl ast::Attr {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn as_call(&self) -> Option<(SmolStr, &ast::TokenTree)> {
+    pub fn as_call(&self) -> Option<(SmolStr, ast::TokenTree)> {
         let tt = self.value()?;
         let (_bra, attr, args, _ket) = tt.syntax().children_with_tokens().collect_tuple()?;
-        let args = ast::TokenTree::cast(args.as_node()?)?;
+        let args = ast::TokenTree::cast(args.as_node()?.clone())?;
         if attr.kind() == IDENT {
             Some((attr.as_token()?.text().clone(), args))
         } else {
@@ -86,16 +91,16 @@ impl ast::Attr {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum PathSegmentKind<'a> {
-    Name(&'a ast::NameRef),
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum PathSegmentKind {
+    Name(ast::NameRef),
     SelfKw,
     SuperKw,
     CrateKw,
 }
 
 impl ast::PathSegment {
-    pub fn parent_path(&self) -> &ast::Path {
+    pub fn parent_path(&self) -> ast::Path {
         self.syntax()
             .parent()
             .and_then(ast::Path::cast)
@@ -125,7 +130,7 @@ impl ast::PathSegment {
 }
 
 impl ast::Path {
-    pub fn parent_path(&self) -> Option<&ast::Path> {
+    pub fn parent_path(&self) -> Option<ast::Path> {
         self.syntax().parent().and_then(ast::Path::cast)
     }
 }
@@ -146,7 +151,7 @@ impl ast::UseTree {
 }
 
 impl ast::UseTreeList {
-    pub fn parent_use_tree(&self) -> &ast::UseTree {
+    pub fn parent_use_tree(&self) -> ast::UseTree {
         self.syntax()
             .parent()
             .and_then(ast::UseTree::cast)
@@ -155,21 +160,21 @@ impl ast::UseTreeList {
 }
 
 impl ast::ImplBlock {
-    pub fn target_type(&self) -> Option<&ast::TypeRef> {
+    pub fn target_type(&self) -> Option<ast::TypeRef> {
         match self.target() {
             (Some(t), None) | (_, Some(t)) => Some(t),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn target_trait(&self) -> Option<&ast::TypeRef> {
+    pub fn target_trait(&self) -> Option<ast::TypeRef> {
         match self.target() {
             (Some(t), Some(_)) => Some(t),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
 
-    fn target(&self) -> (Option<&ast::TypeRef>, Option<&ast::TypeRef>) {
+    fn target(&self) -> (Option<ast::TypeRef>, Option<ast::TypeRef>) {
         let mut types = children(self);
         let first = types.next();
         let second = types.next();
@@ -182,13 +187,13 @@ impl ast::ImplBlock {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum StructKind<'a> {
-    Tuple(&'a ast::PosFieldDefList),
-    Named(&'a ast::NamedFieldDefList),
+pub enum StructKind {
+    Tuple(ast::PosFieldDefList),
+    Named(ast::NamedFieldDefList),
     Unit,
 }
 
-impl StructKind<'_> {
+impl StructKind {
     fn from_node<N: AstNode>(node: &N) -> StructKind {
         if let Some(nfdl) = child_opt::<_, ast::NamedFieldDefList>(node) {
             StructKind::Named(nfdl)
@@ -218,7 +223,7 @@ impl ast::StructDef {
 }
 
 impl ast::EnumVariant {
-    pub fn parent_enum(&self) -> &ast::EnumDef {
+    pub fn parent_enum(&self) -> ast::EnumDef {
         self.syntax()
             .parent()
             .and_then(|it| it.parent())
@@ -231,10 +236,10 @@ impl ast::EnumVariant {
 }
 
 impl ast::FnDef {
-    pub fn semicolon_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxToken<'_>> {
+    pub fn semicolon_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxToken> {
         self.syntax()
             .last_child_or_token()
-            .and_then(|it| it.as_token())
+            .and_then(|it| it.as_token().cloned())
             .filter(|it| it.kind() == T![;])
     }
 }
@@ -258,9 +263,9 @@ impl ast::ExprStmt {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum FieldKind<'a> {
-    Name(&'a ast::NameRef),
-    Index(SyntaxToken<'a>),
+pub enum FieldKind {
+    Name(ast::NameRef),
+    Index(SyntaxToken),
 }
 
 impl ast::FieldExpr {
@@ -271,6 +276,7 @@ impl ast::FieldExpr {
             .find(|c| c.kind() == SyntaxKind::INT_NUMBER || c.kind() == SyntaxKind::FLOAT_NUMBER)
             .as_ref()
             .and_then(SyntaxElement::as_token)
+            .cloned()
     }
 
     pub fn field_access(&self) -> Option<FieldKind> {
@@ -326,7 +332,7 @@ impl ast::SelfParam {
     pub fn self_kw_token(&self) -> SyntaxToken {
         self.syntax()
             .children_with_tokens()
-            .filter_map(|it| it.as_token())
+            .filter_map(|it| it.as_token().cloned())
             .find(|it| it.kind() == T![self])
             .expect("invalid tree: self param must have self")
     }
@@ -355,7 +361,7 @@ impl ast::LifetimeParam {
     pub fn lifetime_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxToken> {
         self.syntax()
             .children_with_tokens()
-            .filter_map(|it| it.as_token())
+            .filter_map(|it| it.as_token().cloned())
             .find(|it| it.kind() == LIFETIME)
     }
 }
@@ -364,7 +370,7 @@ impl ast::WherePred {
     pub fn lifetime_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxToken> {
         self.syntax()
             .children_with_tokens()
-            .filter_map(|it| it.as_token())
+            .filter_map(|it| it.as_token().cloned())
             .find(|it| it.kind() == LIFETIME)
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/generated.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/generated.rs
index 1d888e709..a1f320257 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/generated.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/generated.rs
@@ -9,503 +9,365 @@
 
 #![cfg_attr(rustfmt, rustfmt_skip)]
 
-use rowan::TransparentNewType;
-
 use crate::{
     SyntaxNode, SyntaxKind::*,
-    syntax_node::{TreeArc},
     ast::{self, AstNode},
 };
 
 // Alias
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Alias {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Alias {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for Alias {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            ALIAS => Some(Alias::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            ALIAS => Some(Alias { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Alias {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Alias>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Alias> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::NameOwner for Alias {}
 impl Alias {}
 
 // ArgList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ArgList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ArgList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ArgList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            ARG_LIST => Some(ArgList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            ARG_LIST => Some(ArgList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ArgList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ArgList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ArgList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ArgList {
-    pub fn args(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Expr> {
+    pub fn args(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Expr> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ArrayExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ArrayExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ArrayExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ArrayExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            ARRAY_EXPR => Some(ArrayExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            ARRAY_EXPR => Some(ArrayExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ArrayExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ArrayExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ArrayExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ArrayExpr {
-    pub fn exprs(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Expr> {
+    pub fn exprs(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Expr> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ArrayType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ArrayType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ArrayType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ArrayType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            ARRAY_TYPE => Some(ArrayType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            ARRAY_TYPE => Some(ArrayType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ArrayType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ArrayType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ArrayType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ArrayType {
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // AssocTypeArg
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct AssocTypeArg {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for AssocTypeArg {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for AssocTypeArg {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            ASSOC_TYPE_ARG => Some(AssocTypeArg::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            ASSOC_TYPE_ARG => Some(AssocTypeArg { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for AssocTypeArg {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<AssocTypeArg>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<AssocTypeArg> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl AssocTypeArg {
-    pub fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<&NameRef> {
+    pub fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<NameRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // Attr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Attr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Attr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for Attr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            ATTR => Some(Attr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            ATTR => Some(Attr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Attr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Attr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Attr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl Attr {
-    pub fn value(&self) -> Option<&TokenTree> {
+    pub fn value(&self) -> Option<TokenTree> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // BinExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct BinExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for BinExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for BinExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            BIN_EXPR => Some(BinExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            BIN_EXPR => Some(BinExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for BinExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<BinExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<BinExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl BinExpr {}
 
 // BindPat
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct BindPat {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for BindPat {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for BindPat {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            BIND_PAT => Some(BindPat::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            BIND_PAT => Some(BindPat { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for BindPat {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<BindPat>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<BindPat> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::NameOwner for BindPat {}
 impl BindPat {
-    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<&Pat> {
+    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<Pat> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // Block
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Block {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Block {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for Block {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            BLOCK => Some(Block::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            BLOCK => Some(Block { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Block {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Block>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Block> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for Block {}
 impl Block {
-    pub fn statements(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Stmt> {
+    pub fn statements(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Stmt> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // BlockExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct BlockExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for BlockExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for BlockExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            BLOCK_EXPR => Some(BlockExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            BLOCK_EXPR => Some(BlockExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for BlockExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<BlockExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<BlockExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl BlockExpr {
-    pub fn block(&self) -> Option<&Block> {
+    pub fn block(&self) -> Option<Block> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // BreakExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct BreakExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for BreakExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for BreakExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            BREAK_EXPR => Some(BreakExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            BREAK_EXPR => Some(BreakExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for BreakExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<BreakExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<BreakExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl BreakExpr {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // CallExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct CallExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for CallExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for CallExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            CALL_EXPR => Some(CallExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            CALL_EXPR => Some(CallExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for CallExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<CallExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<CallExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::ArgListOwner for CallExpr {}
 impl CallExpr {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // CastExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct CastExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for CastExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for CastExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            CAST_EXPR => Some(CastExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            CAST_EXPR => Some(CastExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for CastExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<CastExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<CastExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl CastExpr {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // Condition
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Condition {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Condition {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for Condition {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            CONDITION => Some(Condition::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            CONDITION => Some(Condition { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Condition {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Condition>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Condition> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl Condition {
-    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<&Pat> {
+    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<Pat> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ConstDef
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ConstDef {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ConstDef {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ConstDef {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            CONST_DEF => Some(ConstDef::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            CONST_DEF => Some(ConstDef { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ConstDef {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ConstDef>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ConstDef> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::VisibilityOwner for ConstDef {}
 impl ast::NameOwner for ConstDef {}
@@ -514,93 +376,66 @@ impl ast::AttrsOwner for ConstDef {}
 impl ast::DocCommentsOwner for ConstDef {}
 impl ast::TypeAscriptionOwner for ConstDef {}
 impl ConstDef {
-    pub fn body(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn body(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ContinueExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ContinueExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ContinueExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ContinueExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            CONTINUE_EXPR => Some(ContinueExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            CONTINUE_EXPR => Some(ContinueExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ContinueExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ContinueExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ContinueExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ContinueExpr {}
 
 // DynTraitType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct DynTraitType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for DynTraitType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for DynTraitType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            DYN_TRAIT_TYPE => Some(DynTraitType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            DYN_TRAIT_TYPE => Some(DynTraitType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for DynTraitType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<DynTraitType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<DynTraitType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::TypeBoundsOwner for DynTraitType {}
 impl DynTraitType {}
 
 // EnumDef
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct EnumDef {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for EnumDef {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for EnumDef {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            ENUM_DEF => Some(EnumDef::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            ENUM_DEF => Some(EnumDef { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for EnumDef {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<EnumDef>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<EnumDef> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::VisibilityOwner for EnumDef {}
 impl ast::NameOwner for EnumDef {}
@@ -608,269 +443,247 @@ impl ast::TypeParamsOwner for EnumDef {}
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for EnumDef {}
 impl ast::DocCommentsOwner for EnumDef {}
 impl EnumDef {
-    pub fn variant_list(&self) -> Option<&EnumVariantList> {
+    pub fn variant_list(&self) -> Option<EnumVariantList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // EnumVariant
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct EnumVariant {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for EnumVariant {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for EnumVariant {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            ENUM_VARIANT => Some(EnumVariant::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            ENUM_VARIANT => Some(EnumVariant { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for EnumVariant {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<EnumVariant>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<EnumVariant> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::NameOwner for EnumVariant {}
 impl ast::DocCommentsOwner for EnumVariant {}
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for EnumVariant {}
 impl EnumVariant {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // EnumVariantList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct EnumVariantList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for EnumVariantList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for EnumVariantList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            ENUM_VARIANT_LIST => Some(EnumVariantList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            ENUM_VARIANT_LIST => Some(EnumVariantList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for EnumVariantList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<EnumVariantList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<EnumVariantList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl EnumVariantList {
-    pub fn variants(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &EnumVariant> {
+    pub fn variants(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = EnumVariant> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // Expr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Expr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Expr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum ExprKind<'a> {
-    TupleExpr(&'a TupleExpr),
-    ArrayExpr(&'a ArrayExpr),
-    ParenExpr(&'a ParenExpr),
-    PathExpr(&'a PathExpr),
-    LambdaExpr(&'a LambdaExpr),
-    IfExpr(&'a IfExpr),
-    LoopExpr(&'a LoopExpr),
-    ForExpr(&'a ForExpr),
-    WhileExpr(&'a WhileExpr),
-    ContinueExpr(&'a ContinueExpr),
-    BreakExpr(&'a BreakExpr),
-    Label(&'a Label),
-    BlockExpr(&'a BlockExpr),
-    ReturnExpr(&'a ReturnExpr),
-    MatchExpr(&'a MatchExpr),
-    StructLit(&'a StructLit),
-    CallExpr(&'a CallExpr),
-    IndexExpr(&'a IndexExpr),
-    MethodCallExpr(&'a MethodCallExpr),
-    FieldExpr(&'a FieldExpr),
-    TryExpr(&'a TryExpr),
-    TryBlockExpr(&'a TryBlockExpr),
-    CastExpr(&'a CastExpr),
-    RefExpr(&'a RefExpr),
-    PrefixExpr(&'a PrefixExpr),
-    RangeExpr(&'a RangeExpr),
-    BinExpr(&'a BinExpr),
-    Literal(&'a Literal),
-    MacroCall(&'a MacroCall),
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum ExprKind {
+    TupleExpr(TupleExpr),
+    ArrayExpr(ArrayExpr),
+    ParenExpr(ParenExpr),
+    PathExpr(PathExpr),
+    LambdaExpr(LambdaExpr),
+    IfExpr(IfExpr),
+    LoopExpr(LoopExpr),
+    ForExpr(ForExpr),
+    WhileExpr(WhileExpr),
+    ContinueExpr(ContinueExpr),
+    BreakExpr(BreakExpr),
+    Label(Label),
+    BlockExpr(BlockExpr),
+    ReturnExpr(ReturnExpr),
+    MatchExpr(MatchExpr),
+    StructLit(StructLit),
+    CallExpr(CallExpr),
+    IndexExpr(IndexExpr),
+    MethodCallExpr(MethodCallExpr),
+    FieldExpr(FieldExpr),
+    TryExpr(TryExpr),
+    TryBlockExpr(TryBlockExpr),
+    CastExpr(CastExpr),
+    RefExpr(RefExpr),
+    PrefixExpr(PrefixExpr),
+    RangeExpr(RangeExpr),
+    BinExpr(BinExpr),
+    Literal(Literal),
+    MacroCall(MacroCall),
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a TupleExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a TupleExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<TupleExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: TupleExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ArrayExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a ArrayExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ArrayExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: ArrayExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ParenExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a ParenExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ParenExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: ParenExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a PathExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a PathExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<PathExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: PathExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a LambdaExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a LambdaExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<LambdaExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: LambdaExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a IfExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a IfExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<IfExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: IfExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a LoopExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a LoopExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<LoopExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: LoopExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ForExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a ForExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ForExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: ForExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a WhileExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a WhileExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<WhileExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: WhileExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ContinueExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a ContinueExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ContinueExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: ContinueExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a BreakExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a BreakExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<BreakExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: BreakExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a Label> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a Label) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<Label> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: Label) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a BlockExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a BlockExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<BlockExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: BlockExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ReturnExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a ReturnExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ReturnExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: ReturnExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a MatchExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a MatchExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<MatchExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: MatchExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a StructLit> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a StructLit) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<StructLit> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: StructLit) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a CallExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a CallExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<CallExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: CallExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a IndexExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a IndexExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<IndexExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: IndexExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a MethodCallExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a MethodCallExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<MethodCallExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: MethodCallExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a FieldExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a FieldExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<FieldExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: FieldExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a TryExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a TryExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<TryExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: TryExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a TryBlockExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a TryBlockExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<TryBlockExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: TryBlockExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a CastExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a CastExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<CastExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: CastExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a RefExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a RefExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<RefExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: RefExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a PrefixExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a PrefixExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<PrefixExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: PrefixExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a RangeExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a RangeExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<RangeExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: RangeExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a BinExpr> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a BinExpr) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<BinExpr> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: BinExpr) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a Literal> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a Literal) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<Literal> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: Literal) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a MacroCall> for &'a Expr {
-    fn from(n: &'a MacroCall) -> &'a Expr {
-        Expr::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<MacroCall> for Expr {
+    fn from(n: MacroCall) -> Expr {
+        Expr::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
 
 
 impl AstNode for Expr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
             | TUPLE_EXPR
             | ARRAY_EXPR
@@ -900,50 +713,45 @@ impl AstNode for Expr {
             | RANGE_EXPR
             | BIN_EXPR
             | LITERAL
-            | MACRO_CALL => Some(Expr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            | MACRO_CALL => Some(Expr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Expr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Expr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Expr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 impl Expr {
     pub fn kind(&self) -> ExprKind {
         match self.syntax.kind() {
-            TUPLE_EXPR => ExprKind::TupleExpr(TupleExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            ARRAY_EXPR => ExprKind::ArrayExpr(ArrayExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            PAREN_EXPR => ExprKind::ParenExpr(ParenExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            PATH_EXPR => ExprKind::PathExpr(PathExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            LAMBDA_EXPR => ExprKind::LambdaExpr(LambdaExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            IF_EXPR => ExprKind::IfExpr(IfExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            LOOP_EXPR => ExprKind::LoopExpr(LoopExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            FOR_EXPR => ExprKind::ForExpr(ForExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            WHILE_EXPR => ExprKind::WhileExpr(WhileExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            CONTINUE_EXPR => ExprKind::ContinueExpr(ContinueExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            BREAK_EXPR => ExprKind::BreakExpr(BreakExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            LABEL => ExprKind::Label(Label::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            BLOCK_EXPR => ExprKind::BlockExpr(BlockExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            RETURN_EXPR => ExprKind::ReturnExpr(ReturnExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            MATCH_EXPR => ExprKind::MatchExpr(MatchExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            STRUCT_LIT => ExprKind::StructLit(StructLit::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            CALL_EXPR => ExprKind::CallExpr(CallExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            INDEX_EXPR => ExprKind::IndexExpr(IndexExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            METHOD_CALL_EXPR => ExprKind::MethodCallExpr(MethodCallExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            FIELD_EXPR => ExprKind::FieldExpr(FieldExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            TRY_EXPR => ExprKind::TryExpr(TryExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            TRY_BLOCK_EXPR => ExprKind::TryBlockExpr(TryBlockExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            CAST_EXPR => ExprKind::CastExpr(CastExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            REF_EXPR => ExprKind::RefExpr(RefExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            PREFIX_EXPR => ExprKind::PrefixExpr(PrefixExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            RANGE_EXPR => ExprKind::RangeExpr(RangeExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            BIN_EXPR => ExprKind::BinExpr(BinExpr::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            LITERAL => ExprKind::Literal(Literal::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            MACRO_CALL => ExprKind::MacroCall(MacroCall::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
+            TUPLE_EXPR => ExprKind::TupleExpr(TupleExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            ARRAY_EXPR => ExprKind::ArrayExpr(ArrayExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            PAREN_EXPR => ExprKind::ParenExpr(ParenExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            PATH_EXPR => ExprKind::PathExpr(PathExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            LAMBDA_EXPR => ExprKind::LambdaExpr(LambdaExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            IF_EXPR => ExprKind::IfExpr(IfExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            LOOP_EXPR => ExprKind::LoopExpr(LoopExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            FOR_EXPR => ExprKind::ForExpr(ForExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            WHILE_EXPR => ExprKind::WhileExpr(WhileExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            CONTINUE_EXPR => ExprKind::ContinueExpr(ContinueExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            BREAK_EXPR => ExprKind::BreakExpr(BreakExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            LABEL => ExprKind::Label(Label::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            BLOCK_EXPR => ExprKind::BlockExpr(BlockExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            RETURN_EXPR => ExprKind::ReturnExpr(ReturnExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            MATCH_EXPR => ExprKind::MatchExpr(MatchExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            STRUCT_LIT => ExprKind::StructLit(StructLit::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            CALL_EXPR => ExprKind::CallExpr(CallExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            INDEX_EXPR => ExprKind::IndexExpr(IndexExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            METHOD_CALL_EXPR => ExprKind::MethodCallExpr(MethodCallExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            FIELD_EXPR => ExprKind::FieldExpr(FieldExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            TRY_EXPR => ExprKind::TryExpr(TryExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            TRY_BLOCK_EXPR => ExprKind::TryBlockExpr(TryBlockExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            CAST_EXPR => ExprKind::CastExpr(CastExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            REF_EXPR => ExprKind::RefExpr(RefExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            PREFIX_EXPR => ExprKind::PrefixExpr(PrefixExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            RANGE_EXPR => ExprKind::RangeExpr(RangeExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            BIN_EXPR => ExprKind::BinExpr(BinExpr::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            LITERAL => ExprKind::Literal(Literal::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            MACRO_CALL => ExprKind::MacroCall(MacroCall::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
             _ => unreachable!(),
         }
     }
@@ -952,203 +760,149 @@ impl Expr {
 impl Expr {}
 
 // ExprStmt
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ExprStmt {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ExprStmt {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ExprStmt {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            EXPR_STMT => Some(ExprStmt::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            EXPR_STMT => Some(ExprStmt { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ExprStmt {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ExprStmt>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ExprStmt> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ExprStmt {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ExternCrateItem
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ExternCrateItem {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ExternCrateItem {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ExternCrateItem {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            EXTERN_CRATE_ITEM => Some(ExternCrateItem::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            EXTERN_CRATE_ITEM => Some(ExternCrateItem { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ExternCrateItem {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ExternCrateItem>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ExternCrateItem> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ExternCrateItem {
-    pub fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<&NameRef> {
+    pub fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<NameRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn alias(&self) -> Option<&Alias> {
+    pub fn alias(&self) -> Option<Alias> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // FieldExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct FieldExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for FieldExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for FieldExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            FIELD_EXPR => Some(FieldExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            FIELD_EXPR => Some(FieldExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for FieldExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<FieldExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<FieldExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl FieldExpr {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<&NameRef> {
+    pub fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<NameRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // FieldPat
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct FieldPat {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for FieldPat {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for FieldPat {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            FIELD_PAT => Some(FieldPat::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            FIELD_PAT => Some(FieldPat { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for FieldPat {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<FieldPat>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<FieldPat> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::NameOwner for FieldPat {}
 impl FieldPat {
-    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<&Pat> {
+    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<Pat> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // FieldPatList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct FieldPatList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for FieldPatList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for FieldPatList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            FIELD_PAT_LIST => Some(FieldPatList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            FIELD_PAT_LIST => Some(FieldPatList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for FieldPatList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<FieldPatList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<FieldPatList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl FieldPatList {
-    pub fn field_pats(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &FieldPat> {
+    pub fn field_pats(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = FieldPat> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn bind_pats(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &BindPat> {
+    pub fn bind_pats(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = BindPat> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // FnDef
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct FnDef {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for FnDef {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for FnDef {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            FN_DEF => Some(FnDef::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            FN_DEF => Some(FnDef { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for FnDef {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<FnDef>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<FnDef> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::VisibilityOwner for FnDef {}
 impl ast::NameOwner for FnDef {}
@@ -1156,246 +910,192 @@ impl ast::TypeParamsOwner for FnDef {}
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for FnDef {}
 impl ast::DocCommentsOwner for FnDef {}
 impl FnDef {
-    pub fn param_list(&self) -> Option<&ParamList> {
+    pub fn param_list(&self) -> Option<ParamList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn body(&self) -> Option<&Block> {
+    pub fn body(&self) -> Option<Block> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn ret_type(&self) -> Option<&RetType> {
+    pub fn ret_type(&self) -> Option<RetType> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // FnPointerType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct FnPointerType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for FnPointerType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for FnPointerType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            FN_POINTER_TYPE => Some(FnPointerType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            FN_POINTER_TYPE => Some(FnPointerType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for FnPointerType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<FnPointerType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<FnPointerType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl FnPointerType {
-    pub fn param_list(&self) -> Option<&ParamList> {
+    pub fn param_list(&self) -> Option<ParamList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn ret_type(&self) -> Option<&RetType> {
+    pub fn ret_type(&self) -> Option<RetType> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ForExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ForExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ForExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ForExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            FOR_EXPR => Some(ForExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            FOR_EXPR => Some(ForExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ForExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ForExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ForExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::LoopBodyOwner for ForExpr {}
 impl ForExpr {
-    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<&Pat> {
+    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<Pat> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn iterable(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn iterable(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ForType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ForType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ForType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ForType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            FOR_TYPE => Some(ForType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            FOR_TYPE => Some(ForType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ForType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ForType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ForType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ForType {
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // IfExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct IfExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for IfExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for IfExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            IF_EXPR => Some(IfExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            IF_EXPR => Some(IfExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for IfExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<IfExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<IfExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl IfExpr {
-    pub fn condition(&self) -> Option<&Condition> {
+    pub fn condition(&self) -> Option<Condition> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ImplBlock
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ImplBlock {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ImplBlock {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ImplBlock {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            IMPL_BLOCK => Some(ImplBlock::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            IMPL_BLOCK => Some(ImplBlock { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ImplBlock {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ImplBlock>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ImplBlock> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::TypeParamsOwner for ImplBlock {}
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for ImplBlock {}
 impl ImplBlock {
-    pub fn item_list(&self) -> Option<&ItemList> {
+    pub fn item_list(&self) -> Option<ItemList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ImplItem
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ImplItem {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ImplItem {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum ImplItemKind<'a> {
-    FnDef(&'a FnDef),
-    TypeAliasDef(&'a TypeAliasDef),
-    ConstDef(&'a ConstDef),
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum ImplItemKind {
+    FnDef(FnDef),
+    TypeAliasDef(TypeAliasDef),
+    ConstDef(ConstDef),
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a FnDef> for &'a ImplItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a FnDef) -> &'a ImplItem {
-        ImplItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<FnDef> for ImplItem {
+    fn from(n: FnDef) -> ImplItem {
+        ImplItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a TypeAliasDef> for &'a ImplItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a TypeAliasDef) -> &'a ImplItem {
-        ImplItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<TypeAliasDef> for ImplItem {
+    fn from(n: TypeAliasDef) -> ImplItem {
+        ImplItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ConstDef> for &'a ImplItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a ConstDef) -> &'a ImplItem {
-        ImplItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ConstDef> for ImplItem {
+    fn from(n: ConstDef) -> ImplItem {
+        ImplItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
 
 
 impl AstNode for ImplItem {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
             | FN_DEF
             | TYPE_ALIAS_DEF
-            | CONST_DEF => Some(ImplItem::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            | CONST_DEF => Some(ImplItem { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ImplItem {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ImplItem>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ImplItem> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 impl ImplItem {
     pub fn kind(&self) -> ImplItemKind {
         match self.syntax.kind() {
-            FN_DEF => ImplItemKind::FnDef(FnDef::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            TYPE_ALIAS_DEF => ImplItemKind::TypeAliasDef(TypeAliasDef::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            CONST_DEF => ImplItemKind::ConstDef(ConstDef::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
+            FN_DEF => ImplItemKind::FnDef(FnDef::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            TYPE_ALIAS_DEF => ImplItemKind::TypeAliasDef(TypeAliasDef::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            CONST_DEF => ImplItemKind::ConstDef(ConstDef::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
             _ => unreachable!(),
         }
     }
@@ -1404,750 +1104,566 @@ impl ImplItem {
 impl ImplItem {}
 
 // ImplTraitType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ImplTraitType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ImplTraitType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ImplTraitType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            IMPL_TRAIT_TYPE => Some(ImplTraitType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            IMPL_TRAIT_TYPE => Some(ImplTraitType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ImplTraitType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ImplTraitType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ImplTraitType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::TypeBoundsOwner for ImplTraitType {}
 impl ImplTraitType {}
 
 // IndexExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct IndexExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for IndexExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for IndexExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            INDEX_EXPR => Some(IndexExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            INDEX_EXPR => Some(IndexExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for IndexExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<IndexExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<IndexExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl IndexExpr {}
 
 // ItemList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ItemList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ItemList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ItemList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            ITEM_LIST => Some(ItemList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            ITEM_LIST => Some(ItemList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ItemList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ItemList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ItemList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::FnDefOwner for ItemList {}
 impl ast::ModuleItemOwner for ItemList {}
 impl ItemList {
-    pub fn impl_items(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &ImplItem> {
+    pub fn impl_items(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = ImplItem> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // Label
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Label {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Label {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for Label {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            LABEL => Some(Label::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            LABEL => Some(Label { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Label {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Label>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Label> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl Label {}
 
 // LambdaExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct LambdaExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for LambdaExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for LambdaExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            LAMBDA_EXPR => Some(LambdaExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            LAMBDA_EXPR => Some(LambdaExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for LambdaExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<LambdaExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<LambdaExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl LambdaExpr {
-    pub fn param_list(&self) -> Option<&ParamList> {
+    pub fn param_list(&self) -> Option<ParamList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn body(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn body(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // LetStmt
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct LetStmt {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for LetStmt {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for LetStmt {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            LET_STMT => Some(LetStmt::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            LET_STMT => Some(LetStmt { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for LetStmt {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<LetStmt>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<LetStmt> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::TypeAscriptionOwner for LetStmt {}
 impl LetStmt {
-    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<&Pat> {
+    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<Pat> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn initializer(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn initializer(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // LifetimeArg
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct LifetimeArg {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for LifetimeArg {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for LifetimeArg {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            LIFETIME_ARG => Some(LifetimeArg::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            LIFETIME_ARG => Some(LifetimeArg { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for LifetimeArg {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<LifetimeArg>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<LifetimeArg> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl LifetimeArg {}
 
 // LifetimeParam
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct LifetimeParam {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for LifetimeParam {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for LifetimeParam {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            LIFETIME_PARAM => Some(LifetimeParam::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            LIFETIME_PARAM => Some(LifetimeParam { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for LifetimeParam {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<LifetimeParam>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<LifetimeParam> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for LifetimeParam {}
 impl LifetimeParam {}
 
 // Literal
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Literal {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Literal {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for Literal {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            LITERAL => Some(Literal::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            LITERAL => Some(Literal { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Literal {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Literal>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Literal> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl Literal {}
 
 // LiteralPat
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct LiteralPat {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for LiteralPat {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for LiteralPat {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            LITERAL_PAT => Some(LiteralPat::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            LITERAL_PAT => Some(LiteralPat { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for LiteralPat {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<LiteralPat>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<LiteralPat> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl LiteralPat {
-    pub fn literal(&self) -> Option<&Literal> {
+    pub fn literal(&self) -> Option<Literal> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // LoopExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct LoopExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for LoopExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for LoopExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            LOOP_EXPR => Some(LoopExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            LOOP_EXPR => Some(LoopExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for LoopExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<LoopExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<LoopExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::LoopBodyOwner for LoopExpr {}
 impl LoopExpr {}
 
 // MacroCall
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct MacroCall {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for MacroCall {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for MacroCall {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            MACRO_CALL => Some(MacroCall::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            MACRO_CALL => Some(MacroCall { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for MacroCall {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<MacroCall>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<MacroCall> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::NameOwner for MacroCall {}
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for MacroCall {}
 impl ast::DocCommentsOwner for MacroCall {}
 impl MacroCall {
-    pub fn token_tree(&self) -> Option<&TokenTree> {
+    pub fn token_tree(&self) -> Option<TokenTree> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<&Path> {
+    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<Path> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // MacroItems
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct MacroItems {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for MacroItems {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for MacroItems {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            MACRO_ITEMS => Some(MacroItems::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            MACRO_ITEMS => Some(MacroItems { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for MacroItems {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<MacroItems>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<MacroItems> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::ModuleItemOwner for MacroItems {}
 impl ast::FnDefOwner for MacroItems {}
 impl MacroItems {}
 
 // MacroStmts
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct MacroStmts {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for MacroStmts {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for MacroStmts {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            MACRO_STMTS => Some(MacroStmts::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            MACRO_STMTS => Some(MacroStmts { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for MacroStmts {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<MacroStmts>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<MacroStmts> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl MacroStmts {
-    pub fn statements(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Stmt> {
+    pub fn statements(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Stmt> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // MatchArm
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct MatchArm {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for MatchArm {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for MatchArm {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            MATCH_ARM => Some(MatchArm::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            MATCH_ARM => Some(MatchArm { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for MatchArm {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<MatchArm>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<MatchArm> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for MatchArm {}
 impl MatchArm {
-    pub fn pats(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Pat> {
+    pub fn pats(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Pat> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn guard(&self) -> Option<&MatchGuard> {
+    pub fn guard(&self) -> Option<MatchGuard> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // MatchArmList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct MatchArmList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for MatchArmList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for MatchArmList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            MATCH_ARM_LIST => Some(MatchArmList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            MATCH_ARM_LIST => Some(MatchArmList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for MatchArmList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<MatchArmList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<MatchArmList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for MatchArmList {}
 impl MatchArmList {
-    pub fn arms(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &MatchArm> {
+    pub fn arms(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = MatchArm> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // MatchExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct MatchExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for MatchExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for MatchExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            MATCH_EXPR => Some(MatchExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            MATCH_EXPR => Some(MatchExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for MatchExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<MatchExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<MatchExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl MatchExpr {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn match_arm_list(&self) -> Option<&MatchArmList> {
+    pub fn match_arm_list(&self) -> Option<MatchArmList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // MatchGuard
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct MatchGuard {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for MatchGuard {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for MatchGuard {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            MATCH_GUARD => Some(MatchGuard::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            MATCH_GUARD => Some(MatchGuard { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for MatchGuard {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<MatchGuard>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<MatchGuard> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl MatchGuard {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // MethodCallExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct MethodCallExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for MethodCallExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for MethodCallExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            METHOD_CALL_EXPR => Some(MethodCallExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            METHOD_CALL_EXPR => Some(MethodCallExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for MethodCallExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<MethodCallExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<MethodCallExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::ArgListOwner for MethodCallExpr {}
 impl MethodCallExpr {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<&NameRef> {
+    pub fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<NameRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn type_arg_list(&self) -> Option<&TypeArgList> {
+    pub fn type_arg_list(&self) -> Option<TypeArgList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // Module
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Module {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Module {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for Module {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            MODULE => Some(Module::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            MODULE => Some(Module { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Module {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Module>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Module> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::VisibilityOwner for Module {}
 impl ast::NameOwner for Module {}
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for Module {}
 impl ast::DocCommentsOwner for Module {}
 impl Module {
-    pub fn item_list(&self) -> Option<&ItemList> {
+    pub fn item_list(&self) -> Option<ItemList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ModuleItem
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ModuleItem {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ModuleItem {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum ModuleItemKind<'a> {
-    StructDef(&'a StructDef),
-    EnumDef(&'a EnumDef),
-    FnDef(&'a FnDef),
-    TraitDef(&'a TraitDef),
-    TypeAliasDef(&'a TypeAliasDef),
-    ImplBlock(&'a ImplBlock),
-    UseItem(&'a UseItem),
-    ExternCrateItem(&'a ExternCrateItem),
-    ConstDef(&'a ConstDef),
-    StaticDef(&'a StaticDef),
-    Module(&'a Module),
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum ModuleItemKind {
+    StructDef(StructDef),
+    EnumDef(EnumDef),
+    FnDef(FnDef),
+    TraitDef(TraitDef),
+    TypeAliasDef(TypeAliasDef),
+    ImplBlock(ImplBlock),
+    UseItem(UseItem),
+    ExternCrateItem(ExternCrateItem),
+    ConstDef(ConstDef),
+    StaticDef(StaticDef),
+    Module(Module),
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a StructDef> for &'a ModuleItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a StructDef) -> &'a ModuleItem {
-        ModuleItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<StructDef> for ModuleItem {
+    fn from(n: StructDef) -> ModuleItem {
+        ModuleItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a EnumDef> for &'a ModuleItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a EnumDef) -> &'a ModuleItem {
-        ModuleItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<EnumDef> for ModuleItem {
+    fn from(n: EnumDef) -> ModuleItem {
+        ModuleItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a FnDef> for &'a ModuleItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a FnDef) -> &'a ModuleItem {
-        ModuleItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<FnDef> for ModuleItem {
+    fn from(n: FnDef) -> ModuleItem {
+        ModuleItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a TraitDef> for &'a ModuleItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a TraitDef) -> &'a ModuleItem {
-        ModuleItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<TraitDef> for ModuleItem {
+    fn from(n: TraitDef) -> ModuleItem {
+        ModuleItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a TypeAliasDef> for &'a ModuleItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a TypeAliasDef) -> &'a ModuleItem {
-        ModuleItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<TypeAliasDef> for ModuleItem {
+    fn from(n: TypeAliasDef) -> ModuleItem {
+        ModuleItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ImplBlock> for &'a ModuleItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a ImplBlock) -> &'a ModuleItem {
-        ModuleItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ImplBlock> for ModuleItem {
+    fn from(n: ImplBlock) -> ModuleItem {
+        ModuleItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a UseItem> for &'a ModuleItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a UseItem) -> &'a ModuleItem {
-        ModuleItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<UseItem> for ModuleItem {
+    fn from(n: UseItem) -> ModuleItem {
+        ModuleItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ExternCrateItem> for &'a ModuleItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a ExternCrateItem) -> &'a ModuleItem {
-        ModuleItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ExternCrateItem> for ModuleItem {
+    fn from(n: ExternCrateItem) -> ModuleItem {
+        ModuleItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ConstDef> for &'a ModuleItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a ConstDef) -> &'a ModuleItem {
-        ModuleItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ConstDef> for ModuleItem {
+    fn from(n: ConstDef) -> ModuleItem {
+        ModuleItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a StaticDef> for &'a ModuleItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a StaticDef) -> &'a ModuleItem {
-        ModuleItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<StaticDef> for ModuleItem {
+    fn from(n: StaticDef) -> ModuleItem {
+        ModuleItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a Module> for &'a ModuleItem {
-    fn from(n: &'a Module) -> &'a ModuleItem {
-        ModuleItem::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<Module> for ModuleItem {
+    fn from(n: Module) -> ModuleItem {
+        ModuleItem::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
 
 
 impl AstNode for ModuleItem {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
             | STRUCT_DEF
             | ENUM_DEF
@@ -2159,32 +1675,27 @@ impl AstNode for ModuleItem {
             | EXTERN_CRATE_ITEM
             | CONST_DEF
             | STATIC_DEF
-            | MODULE => Some(ModuleItem::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            | MODULE => Some(ModuleItem { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ModuleItem {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ModuleItem>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ModuleItem> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 impl ModuleItem {
     pub fn kind(&self) -> ModuleItemKind {
         match self.syntax.kind() {
-            STRUCT_DEF => ModuleItemKind::StructDef(StructDef::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            ENUM_DEF => ModuleItemKind::EnumDef(EnumDef::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            FN_DEF => ModuleItemKind::FnDef(FnDef::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            TRAIT_DEF => ModuleItemKind::TraitDef(TraitDef::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            TYPE_ALIAS_DEF => ModuleItemKind::TypeAliasDef(TypeAliasDef::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            IMPL_BLOCK => ModuleItemKind::ImplBlock(ImplBlock::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            USE_ITEM => ModuleItemKind::UseItem(UseItem::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            EXTERN_CRATE_ITEM => ModuleItemKind::ExternCrateItem(ExternCrateItem::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            CONST_DEF => ModuleItemKind::ConstDef(ConstDef::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            STATIC_DEF => ModuleItemKind::StaticDef(StaticDef::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            MODULE => ModuleItemKind::Module(Module::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
+            STRUCT_DEF => ModuleItemKind::StructDef(StructDef::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            ENUM_DEF => ModuleItemKind::EnumDef(EnumDef::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            FN_DEF => ModuleItemKind::FnDef(FnDef::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            TRAIT_DEF => ModuleItemKind::TraitDef(TraitDef::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            TYPE_ALIAS_DEF => ModuleItemKind::TypeAliasDef(TypeAliasDef::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            IMPL_BLOCK => ModuleItemKind::ImplBlock(ImplBlock::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            USE_ITEM => ModuleItemKind::UseItem(UseItem::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            EXTERN_CRATE_ITEM => ModuleItemKind::ExternCrateItem(ExternCrateItem::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            CONST_DEF => ModuleItemKind::ConstDef(ConstDef::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            STATIC_DEF => ModuleItemKind::StaticDef(StaticDef::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            MODULE => ModuleItemKind::Module(Module::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
             _ => unreachable!(),
         }
     }
@@ -2193,122 +1704,86 @@ impl ModuleItem {
 impl ModuleItem {}
 
 // Name
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Name {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Name {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for Name {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            NAME => Some(Name::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            NAME => Some(Name { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Name {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Name>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Name> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl Name {}
 
 // NameRef
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct NameRef {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for NameRef {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for NameRef {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            NAME_REF => Some(NameRef::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            NAME_REF => Some(NameRef { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for NameRef {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<NameRef>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<NameRef> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl NameRef {}
 
 // NamedField
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct NamedField {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for NamedField {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for NamedField {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            NAMED_FIELD => Some(NamedField::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            NAMED_FIELD => Some(NamedField { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for NamedField {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<NamedField>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<NamedField> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl NamedField {
-    pub fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<&NameRef> {
+    pub fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<NameRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // NamedFieldDef
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct NamedFieldDef {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for NamedFieldDef {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for NamedFieldDef {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            NAMED_FIELD_DEF => Some(NamedFieldDef::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            NAMED_FIELD_DEF => Some(NamedFieldDef { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for NamedFieldDef {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<NamedFieldDef>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<NamedFieldDef> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::VisibilityOwner for NamedFieldDef {}
 impl ast::NameOwner for NamedFieldDef {}
@@ -2318,149 +1793,113 @@ impl ast::TypeAscriptionOwner for NamedFieldDef {}
 impl NamedFieldDef {}
 
 // NamedFieldDefList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct NamedFieldDefList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for NamedFieldDefList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for NamedFieldDefList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            NAMED_FIELD_DEF_LIST => Some(NamedFieldDefList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            NAMED_FIELD_DEF_LIST => Some(NamedFieldDefList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for NamedFieldDefList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<NamedFieldDefList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<NamedFieldDefList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl NamedFieldDefList {
-    pub fn fields(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &NamedFieldDef> {
+    pub fn fields(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = NamedFieldDef> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // NamedFieldList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct NamedFieldList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for NamedFieldList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for NamedFieldList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            NAMED_FIELD_LIST => Some(NamedFieldList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            NAMED_FIELD_LIST => Some(NamedFieldList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for NamedFieldList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<NamedFieldList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<NamedFieldList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl NamedFieldList {
-    pub fn fields(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &NamedField> {
+    pub fn fields(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = NamedField> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn spread(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn spread(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // NeverType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct NeverType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for NeverType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for NeverType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            NEVER_TYPE => Some(NeverType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            NEVER_TYPE => Some(NeverType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for NeverType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<NeverType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<NeverType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl NeverType {}
 
 // NominalDef
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct NominalDef {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for NominalDef {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum NominalDefKind<'a> {
-    StructDef(&'a StructDef),
-    EnumDef(&'a EnumDef),
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum NominalDefKind {
+    StructDef(StructDef),
+    EnumDef(EnumDef),
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a StructDef> for &'a NominalDef {
-    fn from(n: &'a StructDef) -> &'a NominalDef {
-        NominalDef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<StructDef> for NominalDef {
+    fn from(n: StructDef) -> NominalDef {
+        NominalDef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a EnumDef> for &'a NominalDef {
-    fn from(n: &'a EnumDef) -> &'a NominalDef {
-        NominalDef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<EnumDef> for NominalDef {
+    fn from(n: EnumDef) -> NominalDef {
+        NominalDef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
 
 
 impl AstNode for NominalDef {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
             | STRUCT_DEF
-            | ENUM_DEF => Some(NominalDef::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            | ENUM_DEF => Some(NominalDef { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for NominalDef {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<NominalDef>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<NominalDef> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 impl NominalDef {
     pub fn kind(&self) -> NominalDefKind {
         match self.syntax.kind() {
-            STRUCT_DEF => NominalDefKind::StructDef(StructDef::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            ENUM_DEF => NominalDefKind::EnumDef(EnumDef::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
+            STRUCT_DEF => NominalDefKind::StructDef(StructDef::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            ENUM_DEF => NominalDefKind::EnumDef(EnumDef::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
             _ => unreachable!(),
         }
     }
@@ -2472,215 +1911,175 @@ impl ast::AttrsOwner for NominalDef {}
 impl NominalDef {}
 
 // Param
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Param {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Param {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for Param {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            PARAM => Some(Param::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            PARAM => Some(Param { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Param {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Param>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Param> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::TypeAscriptionOwner for Param {}
 impl Param {
-    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<&Pat> {
+    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<Pat> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ParamList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ParamList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ParamList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ParamList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            PARAM_LIST => Some(ParamList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            PARAM_LIST => Some(ParamList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ParamList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ParamList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ParamList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ParamList {
-    pub fn params(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Param> {
+    pub fn params(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Param> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn self_param(&self) -> Option<&SelfParam> {
+    pub fn self_param(&self) -> Option<SelfParam> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ParenExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ParenExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ParenExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ParenExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            PAREN_EXPR => Some(ParenExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            PAREN_EXPR => Some(ParenExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ParenExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ParenExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ParenExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ParenExpr {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ParenType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ParenType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ParenType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ParenType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            PAREN_TYPE => Some(ParenType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            PAREN_TYPE => Some(ParenType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ParenType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ParenType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ParenType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ParenType {
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // Pat
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Pat {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Pat {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum PatKind<'a> {
-    RefPat(&'a RefPat),
-    BindPat(&'a BindPat),
-    PlaceholderPat(&'a PlaceholderPat),
-    PathPat(&'a PathPat),
-    StructPat(&'a StructPat),
-    TupleStructPat(&'a TupleStructPat),
-    TuplePat(&'a TuplePat),
-    SlicePat(&'a SlicePat),
-    RangePat(&'a RangePat),
-    LiteralPat(&'a LiteralPat),
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum PatKind {
+    RefPat(RefPat),
+    BindPat(BindPat),
+    PlaceholderPat(PlaceholderPat),
+    PathPat(PathPat),
+    StructPat(StructPat),
+    TupleStructPat(TupleStructPat),
+    TuplePat(TuplePat),
+    SlicePat(SlicePat),
+    RangePat(RangePat),
+    LiteralPat(LiteralPat),
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a RefPat> for &'a Pat {
-    fn from(n: &'a RefPat) -> &'a Pat {
-        Pat::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<RefPat> for Pat {
+    fn from(n: RefPat) -> Pat {
+        Pat::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a BindPat> for &'a Pat {
-    fn from(n: &'a BindPat) -> &'a Pat {
-        Pat::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<BindPat> for Pat {
+    fn from(n: BindPat) -> Pat {
+        Pat::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a PlaceholderPat> for &'a Pat {
-    fn from(n: &'a PlaceholderPat) -> &'a Pat {
-        Pat::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<PlaceholderPat> for Pat {
+    fn from(n: PlaceholderPat) -> Pat {
+        Pat::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a PathPat> for &'a Pat {
-    fn from(n: &'a PathPat) -> &'a Pat {
-        Pat::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<PathPat> for Pat {
+    fn from(n: PathPat) -> Pat {
+        Pat::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a StructPat> for &'a Pat {
-    fn from(n: &'a StructPat) -> &'a Pat {
-        Pat::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<StructPat> for Pat {
+    fn from(n: StructPat) -> Pat {
+        Pat::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a TupleStructPat> for &'a Pat {
-    fn from(n: &'a TupleStructPat) -> &'a Pat {
-        Pat::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<TupleStructPat> for Pat {
+    fn from(n: TupleStructPat) -> Pat {
+        Pat::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a TuplePat> for &'a Pat {
-    fn from(n: &'a TuplePat) -> &'a Pat {
-        Pat::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<TuplePat> for Pat {
+    fn from(n: TuplePat) -> Pat {
+        Pat::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a SlicePat> for &'a Pat {
-    fn from(n: &'a SlicePat) -> &'a Pat {
-        Pat::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<SlicePat> for Pat {
+    fn from(n: SlicePat) -> Pat {
+        Pat::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a RangePat> for &'a Pat {
-    fn from(n: &'a RangePat) -> &'a Pat {
-        Pat::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<RangePat> for Pat {
+    fn from(n: RangePat) -> Pat {
+        Pat::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a LiteralPat> for &'a Pat {
-    fn from(n: &'a LiteralPat) -> &'a Pat {
-        Pat::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<LiteralPat> for Pat {
+    fn from(n: LiteralPat) -> Pat {
+        Pat::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
 
 
 impl AstNode for Pat {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
             | REF_PAT
             | BIND_PAT
@@ -2691,31 +2090,26 @@ impl AstNode for Pat {
             | TUPLE_PAT
             | SLICE_PAT
             | RANGE_PAT
-            | LITERAL_PAT => Some(Pat::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            | LITERAL_PAT => Some(Pat { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Pat {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Pat>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Pat> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 impl Pat {
     pub fn kind(&self) -> PatKind {
         match self.syntax.kind() {
-            REF_PAT => PatKind::RefPat(RefPat::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            BIND_PAT => PatKind::BindPat(BindPat::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            PLACEHOLDER_PAT => PatKind::PlaceholderPat(PlaceholderPat::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            PATH_PAT => PatKind::PathPat(PathPat::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            STRUCT_PAT => PatKind::StructPat(StructPat::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            TUPLE_STRUCT_PAT => PatKind::TupleStructPat(TupleStructPat::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            TUPLE_PAT => PatKind::TuplePat(TuplePat::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            SLICE_PAT => PatKind::SlicePat(SlicePat::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            RANGE_PAT => PatKind::RangePat(RangePat::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            LITERAL_PAT => PatKind::LiteralPat(LiteralPat::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
+            REF_PAT => PatKind::RefPat(RefPat::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            BIND_PAT => PatKind::BindPat(BindPat::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            PLACEHOLDER_PAT => PatKind::PlaceholderPat(PlaceholderPat::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            PATH_PAT => PatKind::PathPat(PathPat::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            STRUCT_PAT => PatKind::StructPat(StructPat::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            TUPLE_STRUCT_PAT => PatKind::TupleStructPat(TupleStructPat::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            TUPLE_PAT => PatKind::TuplePat(TuplePat::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            SLICE_PAT => PatKind::SlicePat(SlicePat::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            RANGE_PAT => PatKind::RangePat(RangePat::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            LITERAL_PAT => PatKind::LiteralPat(LiteralPat::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
             _ => unreachable!(),
         }
     }
@@ -2724,723 +2118,516 @@ impl Pat {
 impl Pat {}
 
 // Path
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Path {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Path {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for Path {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            PATH => Some(Path::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            PATH => Some(Path { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Path {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Path>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Path> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl Path {
-    pub fn segment(&self) -> Option<&PathSegment> {
+    pub fn segment(&self) -> Option<PathSegment> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn qualifier(&self) -> Option<&Path> {
+    pub fn qualifier(&self) -> Option<Path> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // PathExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct PathExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for PathExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for PathExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            PATH_EXPR => Some(PathExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            PATH_EXPR => Some(PathExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for PathExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<PathExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<PathExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl PathExpr {
-    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<&Path> {
+    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<Path> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // PathPat
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct PathPat {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for PathPat {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for PathPat {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            PATH_PAT => Some(PathPat::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            PATH_PAT => Some(PathPat { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for PathPat {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<PathPat>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<PathPat> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl PathPat {
-    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<&Path> {
+    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<Path> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // PathSegment
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct PathSegment {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for PathSegment {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for PathSegment {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            PATH_SEGMENT => Some(PathSegment::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            PATH_SEGMENT => Some(PathSegment { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for PathSegment {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<PathSegment>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<PathSegment> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl PathSegment {
-    pub fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<&NameRef> {
+    pub fn name_ref(&self) -> Option<NameRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn type_arg_list(&self) -> Option<&TypeArgList> {
+    pub fn type_arg_list(&self) -> Option<TypeArgList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // PathType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct PathType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for PathType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for PathType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            PATH_TYPE => Some(PathType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            PATH_TYPE => Some(PathType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for PathType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<PathType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<PathType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl PathType {
-    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<&Path> {
+    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<Path> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // PlaceholderPat
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct PlaceholderPat {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for PlaceholderPat {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for PlaceholderPat {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            PLACEHOLDER_PAT => Some(PlaceholderPat::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            PLACEHOLDER_PAT => Some(PlaceholderPat { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for PlaceholderPat {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<PlaceholderPat>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<PlaceholderPat> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl PlaceholderPat {}
 
 // PlaceholderType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct PlaceholderType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for PlaceholderType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for PlaceholderType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            PLACEHOLDER_TYPE => Some(PlaceholderType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            PLACEHOLDER_TYPE => Some(PlaceholderType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for PlaceholderType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<PlaceholderType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<PlaceholderType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl PlaceholderType {}
 
 // PointerType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct PointerType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for PointerType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for PointerType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            POINTER_TYPE => Some(PointerType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            POINTER_TYPE => Some(PointerType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for PointerType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<PointerType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<PointerType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl PointerType {
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // PosFieldDef
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct PosFieldDef {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for PosFieldDef {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for PosFieldDef {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            POS_FIELD_DEF => Some(PosFieldDef::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            POS_FIELD_DEF => Some(PosFieldDef { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for PosFieldDef {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<PosFieldDef>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<PosFieldDef> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::VisibilityOwner for PosFieldDef {}
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for PosFieldDef {}
 impl PosFieldDef {
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // PosFieldDefList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct PosFieldDefList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for PosFieldDefList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for PosFieldDefList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            POS_FIELD_DEF_LIST => Some(PosFieldDefList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            POS_FIELD_DEF_LIST => Some(PosFieldDefList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for PosFieldDefList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<PosFieldDefList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<PosFieldDefList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl PosFieldDefList {
-    pub fn fields(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &PosFieldDef> {
+    pub fn fields(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = PosFieldDef> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // PrefixExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct PrefixExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for PrefixExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for PrefixExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            PREFIX_EXPR => Some(PrefixExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            PREFIX_EXPR => Some(PrefixExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for PrefixExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<PrefixExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<PrefixExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl PrefixExpr {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // RangeExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct RangeExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for RangeExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for RangeExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            RANGE_EXPR => Some(RangeExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            RANGE_EXPR => Some(RangeExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for RangeExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<RangeExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<RangeExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl RangeExpr {}
 
 // RangePat
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct RangePat {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for RangePat {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for RangePat {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            RANGE_PAT => Some(RangePat::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            RANGE_PAT => Some(RangePat { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for RangePat {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<RangePat>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<RangePat> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl RangePat {}
 
 // RefExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct RefExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for RefExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for RefExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            REF_EXPR => Some(RefExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            REF_EXPR => Some(RefExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for RefExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<RefExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<RefExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl RefExpr {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // RefPat
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct RefPat {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for RefPat {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for RefPat {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            REF_PAT => Some(RefPat::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            REF_PAT => Some(RefPat { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for RefPat {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<RefPat>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<RefPat> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl RefPat {
-    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<&Pat> {
+    pub fn pat(&self) -> Option<Pat> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ReferenceType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ReferenceType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ReferenceType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ReferenceType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            REFERENCE_TYPE => Some(ReferenceType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            REFERENCE_TYPE => Some(ReferenceType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ReferenceType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ReferenceType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ReferenceType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ReferenceType {
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // RetType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct RetType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for RetType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for RetType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            RET_TYPE => Some(RetType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            RET_TYPE => Some(RetType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for RetType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<RetType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<RetType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl RetType {
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // ReturnExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct ReturnExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for ReturnExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for ReturnExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            RETURN_EXPR => Some(ReturnExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            RETURN_EXPR => Some(ReturnExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for ReturnExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<ReturnExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<ReturnExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ReturnExpr {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // SelfParam
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct SelfParam {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for SelfParam {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for SelfParam {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            SELF_PARAM => Some(SelfParam::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            SELF_PARAM => Some(SelfParam { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for SelfParam {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<SelfParam>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<SelfParam> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::TypeAscriptionOwner for SelfParam {}
 impl SelfParam {}
 
 // SlicePat
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct SlicePat {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for SlicePat {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for SlicePat {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            SLICE_PAT => Some(SlicePat::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            SLICE_PAT => Some(SlicePat { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for SlicePat {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<SlicePat>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<SlicePat> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl SlicePat {}
 
 // SliceType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct SliceType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for SliceType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for SliceType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            SLICE_TYPE => Some(SliceType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            SLICE_TYPE => Some(SliceType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for SliceType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<SliceType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<SliceType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl SliceType {
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // SourceFile
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct SourceFile {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for SourceFile {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for SourceFile {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            SOURCE_FILE => Some(SourceFile::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            SOURCE_FILE => Some(SourceFile { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for SourceFile {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<SourceFile>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<SourceFile> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::ModuleItemOwner for SourceFile {}
 impl ast::FnDefOwner for SourceFile {}
 impl SourceFile {
-    pub fn modules(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Module> {
+    pub fn modules(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Module> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // StaticDef
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct StaticDef {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for StaticDef {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for StaticDef {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            STATIC_DEF => Some(StaticDef::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            STATIC_DEF => Some(StaticDef { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for StaticDef {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<StaticDef>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<StaticDef> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::VisibilityOwner for StaticDef {}
 impl ast::NameOwner for StaticDef {}
@@ -3449,59 +2636,50 @@ impl ast::AttrsOwner for StaticDef {}
 impl ast::DocCommentsOwner for StaticDef {}
 impl ast::TypeAscriptionOwner for StaticDef {}
 impl StaticDef {
-    pub fn body(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn body(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // Stmt
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Stmt {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Stmt {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum StmtKind<'a> {
-    ExprStmt(&'a ExprStmt),
-    LetStmt(&'a LetStmt),
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum StmtKind {
+    ExprStmt(ExprStmt),
+    LetStmt(LetStmt),
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ExprStmt> for &'a Stmt {
-    fn from(n: &'a ExprStmt) -> &'a Stmt {
-        Stmt::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ExprStmt> for Stmt {
+    fn from(n: ExprStmt) -> Stmt {
+        Stmt::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a LetStmt> for &'a Stmt {
-    fn from(n: &'a LetStmt) -> &'a Stmt {
-        Stmt::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<LetStmt> for Stmt {
+    fn from(n: LetStmt) -> Stmt {
+        Stmt::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
 
 
 impl AstNode for Stmt {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
             | EXPR_STMT
-            | LET_STMT => Some(Stmt::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            | LET_STMT => Some(Stmt { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Stmt {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Stmt>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Stmt> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 impl Stmt {
     pub fn kind(&self) -> StmtKind {
         match self.syntax.kind() {
-            EXPR_STMT => StmtKind::ExprStmt(ExprStmt::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            LET_STMT => StmtKind::LetStmt(LetStmt::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
+            EXPR_STMT => StmtKind::ExprStmt(ExprStmt::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            LET_STMT => StmtKind::LetStmt(LetStmt::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
             _ => unreachable!(),
         }
     }
@@ -3510,30 +2688,21 @@ impl Stmt {
 impl Stmt {}
 
 // StructDef
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct StructDef {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for StructDef {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for StructDef {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            STRUCT_DEF => Some(StructDef::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            STRUCT_DEF => Some(StructDef { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for StructDef {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<StructDef>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<StructDef> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::VisibilityOwner for StructDef {}
 impl ast::NameOwner for StructDef {}
@@ -3543,130 +2712,94 @@ impl ast::DocCommentsOwner for StructDef {}
 impl StructDef {}
 
 // StructLit
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct StructLit {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for StructLit {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for StructLit {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            STRUCT_LIT => Some(StructLit::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            STRUCT_LIT => Some(StructLit { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for StructLit {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<StructLit>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<StructLit> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl StructLit {
-    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<&Path> {
+    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<Path> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn named_field_list(&self) -> Option<&NamedFieldList> {
+    pub fn named_field_list(&self) -> Option<NamedFieldList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // StructPat
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct StructPat {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for StructPat {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for StructPat {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            STRUCT_PAT => Some(StructPat::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            STRUCT_PAT => Some(StructPat { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for StructPat {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<StructPat>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<StructPat> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl StructPat {
-    pub fn field_pat_list(&self) -> Option<&FieldPatList> {
+    pub fn field_pat_list(&self) -> Option<FieldPatList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<&Path> {
+    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<Path> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TokenTree
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TokenTree {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TokenTree {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TokenTree {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TOKEN_TREE => Some(TokenTree::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TOKEN_TREE => Some(TokenTree { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TokenTree {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TokenTree>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TokenTree> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl TokenTree {}
 
 // TraitDef
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TraitDef {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TraitDef {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TraitDef {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TRAIT_DEF => Some(TraitDef::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TRAIT_DEF => Some(TraitDef { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TraitDef {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TraitDef>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TraitDef> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::VisibilityOwner for TraitDef {}
 impl ast::NameOwner for TraitDef {}
@@ -3675,229 +2808,166 @@ impl ast::DocCommentsOwner for TraitDef {}
 impl ast::TypeParamsOwner for TraitDef {}
 impl ast::TypeBoundsOwner for TraitDef {}
 impl TraitDef {
-    pub fn item_list(&self) -> Option<&ItemList> {
+    pub fn item_list(&self) -> Option<ItemList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TryBlockExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TryBlockExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TryBlockExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TryBlockExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TRY_BLOCK_EXPR => Some(TryBlockExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TRY_BLOCK_EXPR => Some(TryBlockExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TryBlockExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TryBlockExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TryBlockExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::TryBlockBodyOwner for TryBlockExpr {}
 impl TryBlockExpr {}
 
 // TryExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TryExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TryExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TryExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TRY_EXPR => Some(TryExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TRY_EXPR => Some(TryExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TryExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TryExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TryExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl TryExpr {
-    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<&Expr> {
+    pub fn expr(&self) -> Option<Expr> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TupleExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TupleExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TupleExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TupleExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TUPLE_EXPR => Some(TupleExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TUPLE_EXPR => Some(TupleExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TupleExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TupleExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TupleExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl TupleExpr {
-    pub fn exprs(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Expr> {
+    pub fn exprs(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Expr> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TuplePat
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TuplePat {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TuplePat {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TuplePat {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TUPLE_PAT => Some(TuplePat::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TUPLE_PAT => Some(TuplePat { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TuplePat {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TuplePat>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TuplePat> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl TuplePat {
-    pub fn args(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Pat> {
+    pub fn args(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Pat> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TupleStructPat
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TupleStructPat {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TupleStructPat {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TupleStructPat {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TUPLE_STRUCT_PAT => Some(TupleStructPat::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TUPLE_STRUCT_PAT => Some(TupleStructPat { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TupleStructPat {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TupleStructPat>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TupleStructPat> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl TupleStructPat {
-    pub fn args(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Pat> {
+    pub fn args(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Pat> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<&Path> {
+    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<Path> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TupleType
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TupleType {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TupleType {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TupleType {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TUPLE_TYPE => Some(TupleType::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TUPLE_TYPE => Some(TupleType { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TupleType {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TupleType>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TupleType> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl TupleType {
-    pub fn fields(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &TypeRef> {
+    pub fn fields(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = TypeRef> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TypeAliasDef
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TypeAliasDef {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TypeAliasDef {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TypeAliasDef {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TYPE_ALIAS_DEF => Some(TypeAliasDef::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TYPE_ALIAS_DEF => Some(TypeAliasDef { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TypeAliasDef {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TypeAliasDef>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TypeAliasDef> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::VisibilityOwner for TypeAliasDef {}
 impl ast::NameOwner for TypeAliasDef {}
@@ -3906,172 +2976,127 @@ impl ast::AttrsOwner for TypeAliasDef {}
 impl ast::DocCommentsOwner for TypeAliasDef {}
 impl ast::TypeBoundsOwner for TypeAliasDef {}
 impl TypeAliasDef {
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TypeArg
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TypeArg {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TypeArg {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TypeArg {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TYPE_ARG => Some(TypeArg::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TYPE_ARG => Some(TypeArg { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TypeArg {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TypeArg>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TypeArg> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl TypeArg {
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TypeArgList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TypeArgList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TypeArgList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TypeArgList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TYPE_ARG_LIST => Some(TypeArgList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TYPE_ARG_LIST => Some(TypeArgList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TypeArgList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TypeArgList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TypeArgList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl TypeArgList {
-    pub fn type_args(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &TypeArg> {
+    pub fn type_args(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = TypeArg> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn lifetime_args(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &LifetimeArg> {
+    pub fn lifetime_args(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = LifetimeArg> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn assoc_type_args(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &AssocTypeArg> {
+    pub fn assoc_type_args(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = AssocTypeArg> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TypeBound
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TypeBound {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TypeBound {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TypeBound {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TYPE_BOUND => Some(TypeBound::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TYPE_BOUND => Some(TypeBound { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TypeBound {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TypeBound>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TypeBound> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl TypeBound {
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TypeBoundList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TypeBoundList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TypeBoundList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TypeBoundList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TYPE_BOUND_LIST => Some(TypeBoundList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TYPE_BOUND_LIST => Some(TypeBoundList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TypeBoundList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TypeBoundList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TypeBoundList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl TypeBoundList {
-    pub fn bounds(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &TypeBound> {
+    pub fn bounds(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = TypeBound> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TypeParam
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TypeParam {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TypeParam {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TypeParam {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TYPE_PARAM => Some(TypeParam::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TYPE_PARAM => Some(TypeParam { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TypeParam {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TypeParam>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TypeParam> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::NameOwner for TypeParam {}
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for TypeParam {}
@@ -4080,136 +3105,123 @@ impl ast::DefaultTypeParamOwner for TypeParam {}
 impl TypeParam {}
 
 // TypeParamList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TypeParamList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TypeParamList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for TypeParamList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            TYPE_PARAM_LIST => Some(TypeParamList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            TYPE_PARAM_LIST => Some(TypeParamList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TypeParamList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TypeParamList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TypeParamList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl TypeParamList {
-    pub fn type_params(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &TypeParam> {
+    pub fn type_params(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = TypeParam> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn lifetime_params(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &LifetimeParam> {
+    pub fn lifetime_params(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = LifetimeParam> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // TypeRef
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TypeRef {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for TypeRef {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum TypeRefKind<'a> {
-    ParenType(&'a ParenType),
-    TupleType(&'a TupleType),
-    NeverType(&'a NeverType),
-    PathType(&'a PathType),
-    PointerType(&'a PointerType),
-    ArrayType(&'a ArrayType),
-    SliceType(&'a SliceType),
-    ReferenceType(&'a ReferenceType),
-    PlaceholderType(&'a PlaceholderType),
-    FnPointerType(&'a FnPointerType),
-    ForType(&'a ForType),
-    ImplTraitType(&'a ImplTraitType),
-    DynTraitType(&'a DynTraitType),
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum TypeRefKind {
+    ParenType(ParenType),
+    TupleType(TupleType),
+    NeverType(NeverType),
+    PathType(PathType),
+    PointerType(PointerType),
+    ArrayType(ArrayType),
+    SliceType(SliceType),
+    ReferenceType(ReferenceType),
+    PlaceholderType(PlaceholderType),
+    FnPointerType(FnPointerType),
+    ForType(ForType),
+    ImplTraitType(ImplTraitType),
+    DynTraitType(DynTraitType),
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ParenType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a ParenType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ParenType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: ParenType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a TupleType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a TupleType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<TupleType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: TupleType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a NeverType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a NeverType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<NeverType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: NeverType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a PathType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a PathType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<PathType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: PathType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a PointerType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a PointerType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<PointerType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: PointerType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ArrayType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a ArrayType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ArrayType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: ArrayType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a SliceType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a SliceType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<SliceType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: SliceType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ReferenceType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a ReferenceType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ReferenceType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: ReferenceType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a PlaceholderType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a PlaceholderType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<PlaceholderType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: PlaceholderType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a FnPointerType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a FnPointerType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<FnPointerType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: FnPointerType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ForType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a ForType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ForType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: ForType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a ImplTraitType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a ImplTraitType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<ImplTraitType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: ImplTraitType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
-impl<'a> From<&'a DynTraitType> for &'a TypeRef {
-    fn from(n: &'a DynTraitType) -> &'a TypeRef {
-        TypeRef::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<DynTraitType> for TypeRef {
+    fn from(n: DynTraitType) -> TypeRef {
+        TypeRef::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
 
 
 impl AstNode for TypeRef {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
             | PAREN_TYPE
             | TUPLE_TYPE
@@ -4223,34 +3235,29 @@ impl AstNode for TypeRef {
             | FN_POINTER_TYPE
             | FOR_TYPE
             | IMPL_TRAIT_TYPE
-            | DYN_TRAIT_TYPE => Some(TypeRef::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            | DYN_TRAIT_TYPE => Some(TypeRef { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for TypeRef {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<TypeRef>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<TypeRef> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 impl TypeRef {
     pub fn kind(&self) -> TypeRefKind {
         match self.syntax.kind() {
-            PAREN_TYPE => TypeRefKind::ParenType(ParenType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            TUPLE_TYPE => TypeRefKind::TupleType(TupleType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            NEVER_TYPE => TypeRefKind::NeverType(NeverType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            PATH_TYPE => TypeRefKind::PathType(PathType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            POINTER_TYPE => TypeRefKind::PointerType(PointerType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            ARRAY_TYPE => TypeRefKind::ArrayType(ArrayType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            SLICE_TYPE => TypeRefKind::SliceType(SliceType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            REFERENCE_TYPE => TypeRefKind::ReferenceType(ReferenceType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            PLACEHOLDER_TYPE => TypeRefKind::PlaceholderType(PlaceholderType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            FN_POINTER_TYPE => TypeRefKind::FnPointerType(FnPointerType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            FOR_TYPE => TypeRefKind::ForType(ForType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            IMPL_TRAIT_TYPE => TypeRefKind::ImplTraitType(ImplTraitType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
-            DYN_TRAIT_TYPE => TypeRefKind::DynTraitType(DynTraitType::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
+            PAREN_TYPE => TypeRefKind::ParenType(ParenType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            TUPLE_TYPE => TypeRefKind::TupleType(TupleType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            NEVER_TYPE => TypeRefKind::NeverType(NeverType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            PATH_TYPE => TypeRefKind::PathType(PathType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            POINTER_TYPE => TypeRefKind::PointerType(PointerType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            ARRAY_TYPE => TypeRefKind::ArrayType(ArrayType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            SLICE_TYPE => TypeRefKind::SliceType(SliceType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            REFERENCE_TYPE => TypeRefKind::ReferenceType(ReferenceType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            PLACEHOLDER_TYPE => TypeRefKind::PlaceholderType(PlaceholderType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            FN_POINTER_TYPE => TypeRefKind::FnPointerType(FnPointerType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            FOR_TYPE => TypeRefKind::ForType(ForType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            IMPL_TRAIT_TYPE => TypeRefKind::ImplTraitType(ImplTraitType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
+            DYN_TRAIT_TYPE => TypeRefKind::DynTraitType(DynTraitType::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
             _ => unreachable!(),
         }
     }
@@ -4259,232 +3266,169 @@ impl TypeRef {
 impl TypeRef {}
 
 // UseItem
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct UseItem {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for UseItem {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for UseItem {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            USE_ITEM => Some(UseItem::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            USE_ITEM => Some(UseItem { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for UseItem {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<UseItem>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<UseItem> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::AttrsOwner for UseItem {}
 impl UseItem {
-    pub fn use_tree(&self) -> Option<&UseTree> {
+    pub fn use_tree(&self) -> Option<UseTree> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // UseTree
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct UseTree {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for UseTree {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for UseTree {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            USE_TREE => Some(UseTree::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            USE_TREE => Some(UseTree { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for UseTree {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<UseTree>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<UseTree> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl UseTree {
-    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<&Path> {
+    pub fn path(&self) -> Option<Path> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn use_tree_list(&self) -> Option<&UseTreeList> {
+    pub fn use_tree_list(&self) -> Option<UseTreeList> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn alias(&self) -> Option<&Alias> {
+    pub fn alias(&self) -> Option<Alias> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // UseTreeList
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct UseTreeList {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for UseTreeList {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for UseTreeList {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            USE_TREE_LIST => Some(UseTreeList::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            USE_TREE_LIST => Some(UseTreeList { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for UseTreeList {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<UseTreeList>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<UseTreeList> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl UseTreeList {
-    pub fn use_trees(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &UseTree> {
+    pub fn use_trees(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = UseTree> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // Visibility
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Visibility {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for Visibility {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for Visibility {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            VISIBILITY => Some(Visibility::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            VISIBILITY => Some(Visibility { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for Visibility {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<Visibility>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<Visibility> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl Visibility {}
 
 // WhereClause
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct WhereClause {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for WhereClause {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for WhereClause {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            WHERE_CLAUSE => Some(WhereClause::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            WHERE_CLAUSE => Some(WhereClause { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for WhereClause {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<WhereClause>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<WhereClause> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl WhereClause {
-    pub fn predicates(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &WherePred> {
+    pub fn predicates(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = WherePred> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 }
 
 // WherePred
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct WherePred {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for WherePred {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for WherePred {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            WHERE_PRED => Some(WherePred::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            WHERE_PRED => Some(WherePred { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for WherePred {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<WherePred>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<WherePred> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::TypeBoundsOwner for WherePred {}
 impl WherePred {
-    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<&TypeRef> {
+    pub fn type_ref(&self) -> Option<TypeRef> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 // WhileExpr
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct WhileExpr {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for WhileExpr {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for WhileExpr {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            WHILE_EXPR => Some(WhileExpr::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            WHILE_EXPR => Some(WhileExpr { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for WhileExpr {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<WhileExpr>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<WhileExpr> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 
 impl ast::LoopBodyOwner for WhileExpr {}
 impl WhileExpr {
-    pub fn condition(&self) -> Option<&Condition> {
+    pub fn condition(&self) -> Option<Condition> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/generated.rs.tera b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/generated.rs.tera
index c8a13fc5f..f3365c560 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/generated.rs.tera
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/generated.rs.tera
@@ -11,94 +11,73 @@ the below applies to the result of this template
 
 #![cfg_attr(rustfmt, rustfmt_skip)]
 
-use rowan::TransparentNewType;
-
 use crate::{
     SyntaxNode, SyntaxKind::*,
-    syntax_node::{TreeArc},
     ast::{self, AstNode},
 };
 {% for node, methods in ast %}
 // {{ node }}
 
 {%- if methods.enum %}
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct {{ node }} {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for {{ node }} {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum {{ node }}Kind<'a> {
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum {{ node }}Kind {
 {%- for kind in methods.enum %}
-    {{ kind }}(&'a {{ kind }}),
+    {{ kind }}({{ kind }}),
 {%- endfor %}
 }
 
 {%- for kind in methods.enum %}
-impl<'a> From<&'a {{ kind }}> for &'a {{ node }} {
-    fn from(n: &'a {{ kind }}) -> &'a {{ node }} {
-        {{ node }}::cast(&n.syntax).unwrap()
+impl From<{{ kind }}> for {{ node }} {
+    fn from(n: {{ kind }}) -> {{ node }} {
+        {{ node }}::cast(n.syntax).unwrap()
     }
 }
 {%- endfor %}
 
 
 impl AstNode for {{ node }} {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
             {%- for kind in methods.enum %}
             | {{ kind | SCREAM }}
-            {%- endfor %} => Some({{ node }}::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            {%- endfor %} => Some({{ node }} { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for {{ node }} {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<{{ node }}>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<{{ node }}> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 impl {{ node }} {
     pub fn kind(&self) -> {{ node }}Kind {
         match self.syntax.kind() {
             {%- for kind in methods.enum %}
-            {{ kind | SCREAM }} => {{ node }}Kind::{{ kind }}({{ kind }}::cast(&self.syntax).unwrap()),
+            {{ kind | SCREAM }} => {{ node }}Kind::{{ kind }}({{ kind }}::cast(self.syntax.clone()).unwrap()),
             {%- endfor %}
             _ => unreachable!(),
         }
     }
 }
 {% else %}
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct {{ node }} {
     pub(crate) syntax: SyntaxNode,
 }
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for {{ node }} {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
 
 impl AstNode for {{ node }} {
-    fn cast(syntax: &SyntaxNode) -> Option<&Self> {
+    fn cast(syntax: SyntaxNode) -> Option<Self> {
         match syntax.kind() {
-            {{ node | SCREAM }} => Some({{ node }}::from_repr(syntax.into_repr())),
+            {{ node | SCREAM }} => Some({{ node }} { syntax }),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
     fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxNode { &self.syntax }
 }
 
-impl ToOwned for {{ node }} {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<{{ node }}>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<{{ node }}> { TreeArc::cast(self.syntax.to_owned()) }
-}
-
 {% endif %}
 {% if methods.traits -%}
 
@@ -113,7 +92,7 @@ impl {{ node }} {
 {%- for m in methods.collections -%}
 {%- set method_name = m.0 -%}
 {%- set ChildName = m.1 %}
-    pub fn {{ method_name }}(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &{{ ChildName }}> {
+    pub fn {{ method_name }}(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = {{ ChildName }}> {
         super::children(self)
     }
 {% endfor -%}
@@ -129,7 +108,7 @@ impl {{ node }} {
 {%- set method_name = m.0 -%}
 {%- set ChildName = m.1 %}
 {%- endif %}
-    pub fn {{ method_name }}(&self) -> Option<&{{ ChildName }}> {
+    pub fn {{ method_name }}(&self) -> Option<{{ ChildName }}> {
         super::child_opt(self)
     }
 {% endfor -%}
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/tokens.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/tokens.rs
index be63b3c9e..87cca325d 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/tokens.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/tokens.rs
@@ -6,23 +6,23 @@ use crate::{
     SyntaxToken,
 };
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-pub struct Comment<'a>(SyntaxToken<'a>);
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub struct Comment(SyntaxToken);
 
-impl<'a> AstToken<'a> for Comment<'a> {
-    fn cast(token: SyntaxToken<'a>) -> Option<Self> {
+impl AstToken for Comment {
+    fn cast(token: SyntaxToken) -> Option<Self> {
         if token.kind() == COMMENT {
             Some(Comment(token))
         } else {
             None
         }
     }
-    fn syntax(&self) -> SyntaxToken<'a> {
-        self.0
+    fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxToken {
+        &self.0
     }
 }
 
-impl<'a> Comment<'a> {
+impl Comment {
     pub fn kind(&self) -> CommentKind {
         kind_by_prefix(self.text())
     }
@@ -90,22 +90,22 @@ fn prefix_by_kind(kind: CommentKind) -> &'static str {
     unreachable!()
 }
 
-pub struct Whitespace<'a>(SyntaxToken<'a>);
+pub struct Whitespace(SyntaxToken);
 
-impl<'a> AstToken<'a> for Whitespace<'a> {
-    fn cast(token: SyntaxToken<'a>) -> Option<Self> {
+impl AstToken for Whitespace {
+    fn cast(token: SyntaxToken) -> Option<Self> {
         if token.kind() == WHITESPACE {
             Some(Whitespace(token))
         } else {
             None
         }
     }
-    fn syntax(&self) -> SyntaxToken<'a> {
-        self.0
+    fn syntax(&self) -> &SyntaxToken {
+        &self.0
     }
 }
 
-impl<'a> Whitespace<'a> {
+impl Whitespace {
     pub fn spans_multiple_lines(&self) -> bool {
         let text = self.text();
         text.find('\n').map_or(false, |idx| text[idx + 1..].contains('\n'))
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/traits.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/traits.rs
index 29cb53e35..ecbd2d427 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/traits.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ast/traits.rs
@@ -10,37 +10,37 @@ use crate::{
 };
 
 pub trait TypeAscriptionOwner: AstNode {
-    fn ascribed_type(&self) -> Option<&ast::TypeRef> {
+    fn ascribed_type(&self) -> Option<ast::TypeRef> {
         child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 pub trait NameOwner: AstNode {
-    fn name(&self) -> Option<&ast::Name> {
+    fn name(&self) -> Option<ast::Name> {
         child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 pub trait VisibilityOwner: AstNode {
-    fn visibility(&self) -> Option<&ast::Visibility> {
+    fn visibility(&self) -> Option<ast::Visibility> {
         child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 pub trait LoopBodyOwner: AstNode {
-    fn loop_body(&self) -> Option<&ast::Block> {
+    fn loop_body(&self) -> Option<ast::Block> {
         child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 pub trait TryBlockBodyOwner: AstNode {
-    fn try_body(&self) -> Option<&ast::Block> {
+    fn try_body(&self) -> Option<ast::Block> {
         child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 pub trait ArgListOwner: AstNode {
-    fn arg_list(&self) -> Option<&ast::ArgList> {
+    fn arg_list(&self) -> Option<ast::ArgList> {
         child_opt(self)
     }
 }
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@ pub trait FnDefOwner: AstNode {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum ItemOrMacro<'a> {
-    Item(&'a ast::ModuleItem),
-    Macro(&'a ast::MacroCall),
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum ItemOrMacro {
+    Item(ast::ModuleItem),
+    Macro(ast::MacroCall),
 }
 
 pub trait ModuleItemOwner: AstNode {
@@ -67,14 +67,14 @@ pub trait ModuleItemOwner: AstNode {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct ItemOrMacroIter<'a>(SyntaxNodeChildren<'a>);
+pub struct ItemOrMacroIter(SyntaxNodeChildren);
 
-impl<'a> Iterator for ItemOrMacroIter<'a> {
-    type Item = ItemOrMacro<'a>;
-    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<ItemOrMacro<'a>> {
+impl Iterator for ItemOrMacroIter {
+    type Item = ItemOrMacro;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<ItemOrMacro> {
         loop {
             let n = self.0.next()?;
-            if let Some(item) = ast::ModuleItem::cast(n) {
+            if let Some(item) = ast::ModuleItem::cast(n.clone()) {
                 return Some(ItemOrMacro::Item(item));
             }
             if let Some(call) = ast::MacroCall::cast(n) {
@@ -85,17 +85,17 @@ impl<'a> Iterator for ItemOrMacroIter<'a> {
 }
 
 pub trait TypeParamsOwner: AstNode {
-    fn type_param_list(&self) -> Option<&ast::TypeParamList> {
+    fn type_param_list(&self) -> Option<ast::TypeParamList> {
         child_opt(self)
     }
 
-    fn where_clause(&self) -> Option<&ast::WhereClause> {
+    fn where_clause(&self) -> Option<ast::WhereClause> {
         child_opt(self)
     }
 }
 
 pub trait TypeBoundsOwner: AstNode {
-    fn type_bound_list(&self) -> Option<&ast::TypeBoundList> {
+    fn type_bound_list(&self) -> Option<ast::TypeBoundList> {
         child_opt(self)
     }
 }
@@ -148,19 +148,19 @@ pub trait DocCommentsOwner: AstNode {
     }
 }
 
-pub struct CommentIter<'a> {
-    iter: SyntaxElementChildren<'a>,
+pub struct CommentIter {
+    iter: SyntaxElementChildren,
 }
 
-impl<'a> Iterator for CommentIter<'a> {
-    type Item = ast::Comment<'a>;
-    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<ast::Comment<'a>> {
-        self.iter.by_ref().find_map(|el| el.as_token().and_then(ast::Comment::cast))
+impl Iterator for CommentIter {
+    type Item = ast::Comment;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<ast::Comment> {
+        self.iter.by_ref().find_map(|el| el.as_token().cloned().and_then(ast::Comment::cast))
     }
 }
 
 pub trait DefaultTypeParamOwner: AstNode {
-    fn default_type(&self) -> Option<&ast::PathType> {
+    fn default_type(&self) -> Option<ast::PathType> {
         child_opt(self)
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/fuzz.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/fuzz.rs
index 00039f970..716925b2f 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/fuzz.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/fuzz.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ fn check_file_invariants(file: &SourceFile) {
 
 pub fn check_parser(text: &str) {
     let file = SourceFile::parse(text);
-    check_file_invariants(&file.tree);
+    check_file_invariants(&file.tree());
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -45,16 +45,16 @@ impl CheckReparse {
     pub fn run(&self) {
         let parse = SourceFile::parse(&self.text);
         let new_parse = parse.reparse(&self.edit);
-        check_file_invariants(&new_parse.tree);
-        assert_eq!(&new_parse.tree.syntax().text().to_string(), &self.edited_text);
+        check_file_invariants(&new_parse.tree());
+        assert_eq!(&new_parse.tree().syntax().text().to_string(), &self.edited_text);
         let full_reparse = SourceFile::parse(&self.edited_text);
         for (a, b) in
-            new_parse.tree.syntax().descendants().zip(full_reparse.tree.syntax().descendants())
+            new_parse.tree().syntax().descendants().zip(full_reparse.tree().syntax().descendants())
         {
             if (a.kind(), a.range()) != (b.kind(), b.range()) {
-                eprint!("original:\n{}", parse.tree.syntax().debug_dump());
-                eprint!("reparsed:\n{}", new_parse.tree.syntax().debug_dump());
-                eprint!("full reparse:\n{}", full_reparse.tree.syntax().debug_dump());
+                eprint!("original:\n{}", parse.tree().syntax().debug_dump());
+                eprint!("reparsed:\n{}", new_parse.tree().syntax().debug_dump());
+                eprint!("full reparse:\n{}", full_reparse.tree().syntax().debug_dump());
                 assert_eq!(
                     format!("{:?}", a),
                     format!("{:?}", b),
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/lib.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/lib.rs
index 534c206a6..2dca4e3e8 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/lib.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ pub mod ast;
 #[doc(hidden)]
 pub mod fuzz;
 
-use std::{fmt::Write, sync::Arc};
+use std::{fmt::Write, marker::PhantomData, sync::Arc};
 
 use ra_text_edit::AtomTextEdit;
 
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ pub use crate::{
     ptr::{AstPtr, SyntaxNodePtr},
     syntax_error::{Location, SyntaxError, SyntaxErrorKind},
     syntax_node::{
-        Direction, InsertPosition, SyntaxElement, SyntaxNode, SyntaxNodeWrapper, SyntaxToken,
-        SyntaxTreeBuilder, TreeArc, WalkEvent,
+        Direction, InsertPosition, SyntaxElement, SyntaxNode, SyntaxToken, SyntaxTreeBuilder,
+        WalkEvent,
     },
     syntax_text::SyntaxText,
 };
@@ -58,48 +58,63 @@ pub use rowan::{SmolStr, TextRange, TextUnit};
 /// Note that we always produce a syntax tree, even for completely invalid
 /// files.
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct Parse<T: SyntaxNodeWrapper> {
-    tree: TreeArc<T>,
+pub struct Parse<T> {
+    green: GreenNode,
     errors: Arc<Vec<SyntaxError>>,
+    _ty: PhantomData<fn() -> T>,
 }
 
-impl<T: SyntaxNodeWrapper> Clone for Parse<T> {
+impl<T> Clone for Parse<T> {
     fn clone(&self) -> Parse<T> {
-        Parse { tree: self.tree.clone(), errors: self.errors.clone() }
+        Parse { green: self.green.clone(), errors: self.errors.clone(), _ty: PhantomData }
     }
 }
 
-impl<T: SyntaxNodeWrapper> Parse<T> {
-    fn new(tree: TreeArc<T>, errors: Vec<SyntaxError>) -> Parse<T> {
-        Parse { tree, errors: Arc::new(errors) }
+impl<T> Parse<T> {
+    fn new(green: GreenNode, errors: Vec<SyntaxError>) -> Parse<T> {
+        Parse { green, errors: Arc::new(errors), _ty: PhantomData }
     }
 
-    pub fn tree(&self) -> &T {
-        &*self.tree
+    pub fn syntax_node(&self) -> SyntaxNode {
+        SyntaxNode::new(self.green.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: AstNode> Parse<T> {
+    pub fn to_syntax(self) -> Parse<SyntaxNode> {
+        Parse { green: self.green, errors: self.errors, _ty: PhantomData }
+    }
+
+    pub fn tree(&self) -> T {
+        T::cast(self.syntax_node()).unwrap()
     }
 
     pub fn errors(&self) -> &[SyntaxError] {
         &*self.errors
     }
 
-    pub fn ok(self) -> Result<TreeArc<T>, Arc<Vec<SyntaxError>>> {
+    pub fn ok(self) -> Result<T, Arc<Vec<SyntaxError>>> {
         if self.errors.is_empty() {
-            Ok(self.tree)
+            Ok(self.tree())
         } else {
             Err(self.errors)
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<T: AstNode> Parse<T> {
-    pub fn to_syntax(this: Self) -> Parse<SyntaxNode> {
-        Parse { tree: this.tree().syntax().to_owned(), errors: this.errors }
+impl Parse<SyntaxNode> {
+    pub fn cast<N: AstNode>(self) -> Option<Parse<N>> {
+        if N::cast(self.syntax_node()).is_some() {
+            Some(Parse { green: self.green, errors: self.errors, _ty: PhantomData })
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
     }
 }
 
 impl Parse<SourceFile> {
     pub fn debug_dump(&self) -> String {
-        let mut buf = self.tree.syntax().debug_dump();
+        let mut buf = self.tree().syntax().debug_dump();
         for err in self.errors.iter() {
             writeln!(buf, "error {:?}: {}", err.location(), err.kind()).unwrap();
         }
@@ -112,45 +127,38 @@ impl Parse<SourceFile> {
 
     fn incremental_reparse(&self, edit: &AtomTextEdit) -> Option<Parse<SourceFile>> {
         // FIXME: validation errors are not handled here
-        parsing::incremental_reparse(self.tree.syntax(), edit, self.errors.to_vec()).map(
+        parsing::incremental_reparse(self.tree().syntax(), edit, self.errors.to_vec()).map(
             |(green_node, errors, _reparsed_range)| Parse {
-                tree: SourceFile::new(green_node),
+                green: green_node,
                 errors: Arc::new(errors),
+                _ty: PhantomData,
             },
         )
     }
 
     fn full_reparse(&self, edit: &AtomTextEdit) -> Parse<SourceFile> {
-        let text = edit.apply(self.tree.syntax().text().to_string());
+        let text = edit.apply(self.tree().syntax().text().to_string());
         SourceFile::parse(&text)
     }
 }
 
-impl Parse<SyntaxNode> {
-    pub fn cast<T: AstNode>(self) -> Option<Parse<T>> {
-        let node = T::cast(&self.tree)?;
-        Some(Parse { tree: node.to_owned(), errors: self.errors })
-    }
-}
-
 /// `SourceFile` represents a parse tree for a single Rust file.
 pub use crate::ast::SourceFile;
 
 impl SourceFile {
-    fn new(green: GreenNode) -> TreeArc<SourceFile> {
+    fn new(green: GreenNode) -> SourceFile {
         let root = SyntaxNode::new(green);
         if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
             validation::validate_block_structure(&root);
         }
         assert_eq!(root.kind(), SyntaxKind::SOURCE_FILE);
-        TreeArc::cast(root)
+        SourceFile::cast(root).unwrap()
     }
 
     pub fn parse(text: &str) -> Parse<SourceFile> {
         let (green, mut errors) = parsing::parse_text(text);
-        let tree = SourceFile::new(green);
-        errors.extend(validation::validate(&tree));
-        Parse { tree, errors: Arc::new(errors) }
+        errors.extend(validation::validate(&SourceFile::new(green.clone())));
+        Parse { green, errors: Arc::new(errors), _ty: PhantomData }
     }
 }
 
@@ -170,14 +178,14 @@ fn api_walkthrough() {
     // The `parse` method returns a `Parse` -- a pair of syntax tree and a list
     // of errors. That is, syntax tree is constructed even in presence of errors.
     let parse = SourceFile::parse(source_code);
-    assert!(parse.errors.is_empty());
+    assert!(parse.errors().is_empty());
 
-    // Due to the way ownership is set up, owned syntax Nodes always live behind
-    // a `TreeArc` smart pointer. `TreeArc` is roughly an `std::sync::Arc` which
-    // points to the whole file instead of an individual node.
-    let file: TreeArc<SourceFile> = parse.tree;
+    // The `tree` method returns an owned syntax node of type `SourceFile`.
+    // Owned nodes are cheap: inside, they are `Rc` handles to the underling data.
+    let file: SourceFile = parse.tree();
 
-    // `SourceFile` is the root of the syntax tree. We can iterate file's items:
+    // `SourceFile` is the root of the syntax tree. We can iterate file's items.
+    // Let's fetch the `foo` function.
     let mut func = None;
     for item in file.items() {
         match item.kind() {
@@ -185,31 +193,26 @@ fn api_walkthrough() {
             _ => unreachable!(),
         }
     }
-    // The returned items are always references.
-    let func: &ast::FnDef = func.unwrap();
-
-    // All nodes implement `ToOwned` trait, with `Owned = TreeArc<Self>`.
-    // `to_owned` is a cheap operation: atomic increment.
-    let _owned_func: TreeArc<ast::FnDef> = func.to_owned();
+    let func: ast::FnDef = func.unwrap();
 
     // Each AST node has a bunch of getters for children. All getters return
     // `Option`s though, to account for incomplete code. Some getters are common
     // for several kinds of node. In this case, a trait like `ast::NameOwner`
     // usually exists. By convention, all ast types should be used with `ast::`
     // qualifier.
-    let name: Option<&ast::Name> = func.name();
+    let name: Option<ast::Name> = func.name();
     let name = name.unwrap();
     assert_eq!(name.text(), "foo");
 
     // Let's get the `1 + 1` expression!
-    let block: &ast::Block = func.body().unwrap();
-    let expr: &ast::Expr = block.expr().unwrap();
+    let block: ast::Block = func.body().unwrap();
+    let expr: ast::Expr = block.expr().unwrap();
 
     // "Enum"-like nodes are represented using the "kind" pattern. It allows us
     // to match exhaustively against all flavors of nodes, while maintaining
     // internal representation flexibility. The drawback is that one can't write
     // nested matches as one pattern.
-    let bin_expr: &ast::BinExpr = match expr.kind() {
+    let bin_expr: ast::BinExpr = match expr.kind() {
         ast::ExprKind::BinExpr(e) => e,
         _ => unreachable!(),
     };
@@ -219,23 +222,14 @@ fn api_walkthrough() {
     let expr_syntax: &SyntaxNode = expr.syntax();
 
     // Note how `expr` and `bin_expr` are in fact the same node underneath:
-    assert!(std::ptr::eq(expr_syntax, bin_expr.syntax()));
+    assert!(expr_syntax == bin_expr.syntax());
 
     // To go from CST to AST, `AstNode::cast` function is used:
-    let expr = match ast::Expr::cast(expr_syntax) {
+    let _expr: ast::Expr = match ast::Expr::cast(expr_syntax.clone()) {
         Some(e) => e,
         None => unreachable!(),
     };
 
-    // Note how expr is also a reference!
-    let expr: &ast::Expr = expr;
-
-    // This is possible because the underlying representation is the same:
-    assert_eq!(
-        expr as *const ast::Expr as *const u8,
-        expr_syntax as *const SyntaxNode as *const u8
-    );
-
     // The two properties each syntax node has is a `SyntaxKind`:
     assert_eq!(expr_syntax.kind(), SyntaxKind::BIN_EXPR);
 
@@ -248,7 +242,7 @@ fn api_walkthrough() {
     assert_eq!(text.to_string(), "1 + 1");
 
     // There's a bunch of traversal methods on `SyntaxNode`:
-    assert_eq!(expr_syntax.parent(), Some(block.syntax()));
+    assert_eq!(expr_syntax.parent().as_ref(), Some(block.syntax()));
     assert_eq!(block.syntax().first_child_or_token().map(|it| it.kind()), Some(T!['{']));
     assert_eq!(
         expr_syntax.next_sibling_or_token().map(|it| it.kind()),
@@ -257,7 +251,7 @@ fn api_walkthrough() {
 
     // As well as some iterator helpers:
     let f = expr_syntax.ancestors().find_map(ast::FnDef::cast);
-    assert_eq!(f, Some(&*func));
+    assert_eq!(f, Some(func));
     assert!(expr_syntax.siblings_with_tokens(Direction::Next).any(|it| it.kind() == T!['}']));
     assert_eq!(
         expr_syntax.descendants_with_tokens().count(),
@@ -272,7 +266,7 @@ fn api_walkthrough() {
     for event in expr_syntax.preorder_with_tokens() {
         match event {
             WalkEvent::Enter(node) => {
-                let text = match node {
+                let text = match &node {
                     SyntaxElement::Node(it) => it.text().to_string(),
                     SyntaxElement::Token(it) => it.text().to_string(),
                 };
@@ -319,7 +313,7 @@ fn api_walkthrough() {
     let mut exprs_visit = Vec::new();
     for node in file.syntax().descendants() {
         if let Some(result) =
-            visitor().visit::<ast::Expr, _>(|expr| expr.syntax().text().to_string()).accept(node)
+            visitor().visit::<ast::Expr, _>(|expr| expr.syntax().text().to_string()).accept(&node)
         {
             exprs_visit.push(result);
         }
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/parsing/reparsing.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/parsing/reparsing.rs
index eeca94020..b4ad9e019 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/parsing/reparsing.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/parsing/reparsing.rs
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ fn reparse_token<'node>(
     root: &'node SyntaxNode,
     edit: &AtomTextEdit,
 ) -> Option<(GreenNode, TextRange)> {
-    let token = algo::find_covering_element(root, edit.delete).as_token()?;
+    let token = algo::find_covering_element(root, edit.delete).as_token()?.clone();
     match token.kind() {
         WHITESPACE | COMMENT | IDENT | STRING | RAW_STRING => {
             if token.kind() == WHITESPACE || token.kind() == COMMENT {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ fn reparse_token<'node>(
                 }
             }
 
-            let text = get_text_after_edit(token.into(), &edit);
+            let text = get_text_after_edit(token.clone().into(), &edit);
             let lex_tokens = tokenize(&text);
             let lex_token = match lex_tokens[..] {
                 [lex_token] if lex_token.kind == token.kind() => lex_token,
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ fn reparse_block<'node>(
     edit: &AtomTextEdit,
 ) -> Option<(GreenNode, Vec<SyntaxError>, TextRange)> {
     let (node, reparser) = find_reparsable_node(root, edit.delete)?;
-    let text = get_text_after_edit(node.into(), &edit);
+    let text = get_text_after_edit(node.clone().into(), &edit);
     let tokens = tokenize(&text);
     if !is_balanced(&tokens) {
         return None;
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ fn is_contextual_kw(text: &str) -> bool {
     }
 }
 
-fn find_reparsable_node(node: &SyntaxNode, range: TextRange) -> Option<(&SyntaxNode, Reparser)> {
+fn find_reparsable_node(node: &SyntaxNode, range: TextRange) -> Option<(SyntaxNode, Reparser)> {
     let node = algo::find_covering_element(node, range);
     let mut ancestors = match node {
         SyntaxElement::Token(it) => it.parent().ancestors(),
@@ -167,8 +167,6 @@ fn merge_errors(
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use std::sync::Arc;
-
     use test_utils::{assert_eq_text, extract_range};
 
     use super::*;
@@ -180,18 +178,18 @@ mod tests {
         let after = edit.apply(before.clone());
 
         let fully_reparsed = SourceFile::parse(&after);
-        let incrementally_reparsed = {
+        let incrementally_reparsed: Parse<SourceFile> = {
             let f = SourceFile::parse(&before);
             let edit = AtomTextEdit { delete: range, insert: replace_with.to_string() };
             let (green, new_errors, range) =
-                incremental_reparse(f.tree.syntax(), &edit, f.errors.to_vec()).unwrap();
+                incremental_reparse(f.tree().syntax(), &edit, f.errors.to_vec()).unwrap();
             assert_eq!(range.len(), reparsed_len.into(), "reparsed fragment has wrong length");
-            Parse { tree: SourceFile::new(green), errors: Arc::new(new_errors) }
+            Parse::new(green, new_errors)
         };
 
         assert_eq_text!(
-            &fully_reparsed.tree.syntax().debug_dump(),
-            &incrementally_reparsed.tree.syntax().debug_dump(),
+            &fully_reparsed.tree().syntax().debug_dump(),
+            &incrementally_reparsed.tree().syntax().debug_dump(),
         );
     }
 
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ptr.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ptr.rs
index 4823eb82e..016256075 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/ptr.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/ptr.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-use crate::{AstNode, SyntaxKind, SyntaxNode, TextRange};
 use std::{iter::successors, marker::PhantomData};
 
+use crate::{AstNode, SyntaxKind, SyntaxNode, TextRange};
+
 /// A pointer to a syntax node inside a file. It can be used to remember a
 /// specific node across reparses of the same file.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
@@ -14,9 +15,9 @@ impl SyntaxNodePtr {
         SyntaxNodePtr { range: node.range(), kind: node.kind() }
     }
 
-    pub fn to_node(self, root: &SyntaxNode) -> &SyntaxNode {
+    pub fn to_node(self, root: &SyntaxNode) -> SyntaxNode {
         assert!(root.parent().is_none());
-        successors(Some(root), |&node| {
+        successors(Some(root.clone()), |node| {
             node.children().find(|it| self.range.is_subrange(&it.range()))
         })
         .find(|it| it.range() == self.range && it.kind() == self.kind)
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ impl<N: AstNode> AstPtr<N> {
         AstPtr { raw: SyntaxNodePtr::new(node.syntax()), _ty: PhantomData }
     }
 
-    pub fn to_node(self, root: &SyntaxNode) -> &N {
+    pub fn to_node(self, root: &SyntaxNode) -> N {
         let syntax_node = self.raw.to_node(root);
         N::cast(syntax_node).unwrap()
     }
@@ -75,5 +76,5 @@ fn test_local_syntax_ptr() {
     let field = file.syntax().descendants().find_map(ast::NamedFieldDef::cast).unwrap();
     let ptr = SyntaxNodePtr::new(field.syntax());
     let field_syntax = ptr.to_node(file.syntax());
-    assert_eq!(field.syntax(), &*field_syntax);
+    assert_eq!(field.syntax(), &field_syntax);
 }
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/syntax_node.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/syntax_node.rs
index e57813a94..cf680e66a 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/syntax_node.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/syntax_node.rs
@@ -7,14 +7,13 @@
 //! modules just wraps its API.
 
 use std::{
-    borrow::Borrow,
     fmt::{self, Write},
     iter::successors,
     ops::RangeInclusive,
 };
 
 use ra_parser::ParseError;
-use rowan::{GreenNodeBuilder, TransparentNewType};
+use rowan::GreenNodeBuilder;
 
 use crate::{
     syntax_error::{SyntaxError, SyntaxErrorKind},
@@ -33,86 +32,8 @@ pub enum InsertPosition<T> {
     After(T),
 }
 
-/// Marker trait for CST and AST nodes
-pub trait SyntaxNodeWrapper: TransparentNewType<Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode> {}
-impl<T: TransparentNewType<Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode>> SyntaxNodeWrapper for T {}
-
-/// An owning smart pointer for CST or AST node.
-#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-pub struct TreeArc<T: SyntaxNodeWrapper>(pub(crate) rowan::TreeArc<T>);
-
-impl<T: SyntaxNodeWrapper> Borrow<T> for TreeArc<T> {
-    fn borrow(&self) -> &T {
-        &*self
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T> TreeArc<T>
-where
-    T: SyntaxNodeWrapper,
-{
-    pub(crate) fn cast<U>(this: TreeArc<T>) -> TreeArc<U>
-    where
-        U: SyntaxNodeWrapper,
-    {
-        TreeArc(rowan::TreeArc::cast(this.0))
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T> std::ops::Deref for TreeArc<T>
-where
-    T: SyntaxNodeWrapper,
-{
-    type Target = T;
-    fn deref(&self) -> &T {
-        self.0.deref()
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T> PartialEq<T> for TreeArc<T>
-where
-    T: SyntaxNodeWrapper,
-    T: PartialEq<T>,
-{
-    fn eq(&self, other: &T) -> bool {
-        let t: &T = self;
-        t == other
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T> Clone for TreeArc<T>
-where
-    T: SyntaxNodeWrapper,
-{
-    fn clone(&self) -> TreeArc<T> {
-        TreeArc(self.0.clone())
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T> fmt::Debug for TreeArc<T>
-where
-    T: SyntaxNodeWrapper,
-    T: fmt::Debug,
-{
-    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
-        fmt::Debug::fmt(&self.0, fmt)
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-#[repr(transparent)]
-pub struct SyntaxNode(pub(crate) rowan::SyntaxNode);
-unsafe impl TransparentNewType for SyntaxNode {
-    type Repr = rowan::SyntaxNode;
-}
-
-impl ToOwned for SyntaxNode {
-    type Owned = TreeArc<SyntaxNode>;
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> TreeArc<SyntaxNode> {
-        let ptr = TreeArc(self.0.to_owned());
-        TreeArc::cast(ptr)
-    }
-}
+#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Clone)]
+pub struct SyntaxNode(pub(crate) rowan::cursor::SyntaxNode);
 
 impl fmt::Debug for SyntaxNode {
     fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
@@ -133,9 +54,9 @@ pub enum Direction {
 }
 
 impl SyntaxNode {
-    pub(crate) fn new(green: GreenNode) -> TreeArc<SyntaxNode> {
-        let ptr = TreeArc(rowan::SyntaxNode::new(green, None));
-        TreeArc::cast(ptr)
+    pub(crate) fn new(green: GreenNode) -> SyntaxNode {
+        let inner = rowan::cursor::SyntaxNode::new_root(green);
+        SyntaxNode(inner)
     }
 
     pub fn kind(&self) -> SyntaxKind {
@@ -143,47 +64,47 @@ impl SyntaxNode {
     }
 
     pub fn range(&self) -> TextRange {
-        self.0.range()
+        self.0.text_range()
     }
 
     pub fn text(&self) -> SyntaxText {
         SyntaxText::new(self)
     }
 
-    pub fn parent(&self) -> Option<&SyntaxNode> {
-        self.0.parent().map(SyntaxNode::from_repr)
+    pub fn parent(&self) -> Option<SyntaxNode> {
+        self.0.parent().map(SyntaxNode)
     }
 
-    pub fn first_child(&self) -> Option<&SyntaxNode> {
-        self.0.first_child().map(SyntaxNode::from_repr)
+    pub fn first_child(&self) -> Option<SyntaxNode> {
+        self.0.first_child().map(SyntaxNode)
     }
 
     pub fn first_child_or_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxElement> {
-        self.0.first_child_or_token().map(SyntaxElement::from)
+        self.0.first_child_or_token().map(SyntaxElement::new)
     }
 
-    pub fn last_child(&self) -> Option<&SyntaxNode> {
-        self.0.last_child().map(SyntaxNode::from_repr)
+    pub fn last_child(&self) -> Option<SyntaxNode> {
+        self.0.last_child().map(SyntaxNode)
     }
 
     pub fn last_child_or_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxElement> {
-        self.0.last_child_or_token().map(SyntaxElement::from)
+        self.0.last_child_or_token().map(SyntaxElement::new)
     }
 
-    pub fn next_sibling(&self) -> Option<&SyntaxNode> {
-        self.0.next_sibling().map(SyntaxNode::from_repr)
+    pub fn next_sibling(&self) -> Option<SyntaxNode> {
+        self.0.next_sibling().map(SyntaxNode)
     }
 
     pub fn next_sibling_or_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxElement> {
-        self.0.next_sibling_or_token().map(SyntaxElement::from)
+        self.0.next_sibling_or_token().map(SyntaxElement::new)
     }
 
-    pub fn prev_sibling(&self) -> Option<&SyntaxNode> {
-        self.0.prev_sibling().map(SyntaxNode::from_repr)
+    pub fn prev_sibling(&self) -> Option<SyntaxNode> {
+        self.0.prev_sibling().map(SyntaxNode)
     }
 
     pub fn prev_sibling_or_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxElement> {
-        self.0.prev_sibling_or_token().map(SyntaxElement::from)
+        self.0.prev_sibling_or_token().map(SyntaxElement::new)
     }
 
     pub fn children(&self) -> SyntaxNodeChildren {
@@ -195,18 +116,18 @@ impl SyntaxNode {
     }
 
     pub fn first_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxToken> {
-        self.0.first_token().map(SyntaxToken::from)
+        self.0.first_token().map(SyntaxToken)
     }
 
     pub fn last_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxToken> {
-        self.0.last_token().map(SyntaxToken::from)
+        self.0.last_token().map(SyntaxToken)
     }
 
-    pub fn ancestors(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &SyntaxNode> {
-        successors(Some(self), |&node| node.parent())
+    pub fn ancestors(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxNode> {
+        successors(Some(self.clone()), |node| node.parent())
     }
 
-    pub fn descendants(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &SyntaxNode> {
+    pub fn descendants(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxNode> {
         self.preorder().filter_map(|event| match event {
             WalkEvent::Enter(node) => Some(node),
             WalkEvent::Leave(_) => None,
@@ -220,8 +141,8 @@ impl SyntaxNode {
         })
     }
 
-    pub fn siblings(&self, direction: Direction) -> impl Iterator<Item = &SyntaxNode> {
-        successors(Some(self), move |&node| match direction {
+    pub fn siblings(&self, direction: Direction) -> impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxNode> {
+        successors(Some(self.clone()), move |node| match direction {
             Direction::Next => node.next_sibling(),
             Direction::Prev => node.prev_sibling(),
         })
@@ -231,29 +152,29 @@ impl SyntaxNode {
         &self,
         direction: Direction,
     ) -> impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxElement> {
-        let me: SyntaxElement = self.into();
+        let me: SyntaxElement = self.clone().into();
         successors(Some(me), move |el| match direction {
             Direction::Next => el.next_sibling_or_token(),
             Direction::Prev => el.prev_sibling_or_token(),
         })
     }
 
-    pub fn preorder(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = WalkEvent<&SyntaxNode>> {
+    pub fn preorder(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = WalkEvent<SyntaxNode>> {
         self.0.preorder().map(|event| match event {
-            WalkEvent::Enter(n) => WalkEvent::Enter(SyntaxNode::from_repr(n)),
-            WalkEvent::Leave(n) => WalkEvent::Leave(SyntaxNode::from_repr(n)),
+            WalkEvent::Enter(n) => WalkEvent::Enter(SyntaxNode(n)),
+            WalkEvent::Leave(n) => WalkEvent::Leave(SyntaxNode(n)),
         })
     }
 
     pub fn preorder_with_tokens(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = WalkEvent<SyntaxElement>> {
         self.0.preorder_with_tokens().map(|event| match event {
-            WalkEvent::Enter(n) => WalkEvent::Enter(n.into()),
-            WalkEvent::Leave(n) => WalkEvent::Leave(n.into()),
+            WalkEvent::Enter(n) => WalkEvent::Enter(SyntaxElement::new(n)),
+            WalkEvent::Leave(n) => WalkEvent::Leave(SyntaxElement::new(n)),
         })
     }
 
     pub fn memory_size_of_subtree(&self) -> usize {
-        self.0.memory_size_of_subtree()
+        0
     }
 
     pub fn debug_dump(&self) -> String {
@@ -290,11 +211,11 @@ impl SyntaxNode {
     ///
     /// This is a type-unsafe low-level editing API, if you need to use it,
     /// prefer to create a type-safe abstraction on top of it instead.
-    pub fn insert_children<'a>(
+    pub fn insert_children(
         &self,
-        position: InsertPosition<SyntaxElement<'_>>,
-        to_insert: impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxElement<'a>>,
-    ) -> TreeArc<SyntaxNode> {
+        position: InsertPosition<SyntaxElement>,
+        to_insert: impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxElement>,
+    ) -> SyntaxNode {
         let mut delta = TextUnit::default();
         let to_insert = to_insert.map(|element| {
             delta += element.text_len();
@@ -303,7 +224,7 @@ impl SyntaxNode {
 
         let old_children = self.0.green().children();
 
-        let new_children = match position {
+        let new_children = match &position {
             InsertPosition::First => {
                 to_insert.chain(old_children.iter().cloned()).collect::<Box<[_]>>()
             }
@@ -312,7 +233,7 @@ impl SyntaxNode {
             }
             InsertPosition::Before(anchor) | InsertPosition::After(anchor) => {
                 let take_anchor = if let InsertPosition::After(_) = position { 1 } else { 0 };
-                let split_at = self.position_of_child(anchor) + take_anchor;
+                let split_at = self.position_of_child(anchor.clone()) + take_anchor;
                 let (before, after) = old_children.split_at(split_at);
                 before
                     .iter()
@@ -330,13 +251,13 @@ impl SyntaxNode {
     ///
     /// This is a type-unsafe low-level editing API, if you need to use it,
     /// prefer to create a type-safe abstraction on top of it instead.
-    pub fn replace_children<'a>(
+    pub fn replace_children(
         &self,
-        to_delete: RangeInclusive<SyntaxElement<'_>>,
-        to_insert: impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxElement<'a>>,
-    ) -> TreeArc<SyntaxNode> {
-        let start = self.position_of_child(*to_delete.start());
-        let end = self.position_of_child(*to_delete.end());
+        to_delete: RangeInclusive<SyntaxElement>,
+        to_insert: impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxElement>,
+    ) -> SyntaxNode {
+        let start = self.position_of_child(to_delete.start().clone());
+        let end = self.position_of_child(to_delete.end().clone());
         let old_children = self.0.green().children();
 
         let new_children = old_children[..start]
@@ -348,7 +269,7 @@ impl SyntaxNode {
         self.with_children(new_children)
     }
 
-    fn with_children(&self, new_children: Box<[rowan::GreenElement]>) -> TreeArc<SyntaxNode> {
+    fn with_children(&self, new_children: Box<[rowan::GreenElement]>) -> SyntaxNode {
         let len = new_children.iter().map(|it| it.text_len()).sum::<TextUnit>();
         let new_node = GreenNode::new(rowan::SyntaxKind(self.kind() as u16), new_children);
         let new_file_node = self.replace_with(new_node);
@@ -364,7 +285,7 @@ impl SyntaxNode {
     fn position_of_child(&self, child: SyntaxElement) -> usize {
         self.children_with_tokens()
             .position(|it| it == child)
-            .expect("elemetn is not a child of current element")
+            .expect("element is not a child of current element")
     }
 }
 
@@ -377,11 +298,11 @@ fn to_green_element(element: SyntaxElement) -> rowan::GreenElement {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-pub struct SyntaxToken<'a>(pub(crate) rowan::SyntaxToken<'a>);
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub struct SyntaxToken(pub(crate) rowan::cursor::SyntaxToken);
 
 //FIXME: always output text
-impl<'a> fmt::Debug for SyntaxToken<'a> {
+impl fmt::Debug for SyntaxToken {
     fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         write!(fmt, "{:?}@{:?}", self.kind(), self.range())?;
         if self.text().len() < 25 {
@@ -398,60 +319,54 @@ impl<'a> fmt::Debug for SyntaxToken<'a> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<'a> fmt::Display for SyntaxToken<'a> {
+impl fmt::Display for SyntaxToken {
     fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         fmt::Display::fmt(self.text(), fmt)
     }
 }
 
-impl<'a> From<rowan::SyntaxToken<'a>> for SyntaxToken<'a> {
-    fn from(t: rowan::SyntaxToken<'a>) -> Self {
-        SyntaxToken(t)
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> SyntaxToken<'a> {
+impl SyntaxToken {
     pub fn kind(&self) -> SyntaxKind {
         self.0.kind().0.into()
     }
 
-    pub fn text(&self) -> &'a SmolStr {
+    pub fn text(&self) -> &SmolStr {
         self.0.text()
     }
 
     pub fn range(&self) -> TextRange {
-        self.0.range()
+        self.0.text_range()
     }
 
-    pub fn parent(&self) -> &'a SyntaxNode {
-        SyntaxNode::from_repr(self.0.parent())
+    pub fn parent(&self) -> SyntaxNode {
+        SyntaxNode(self.0.parent())
     }
 
-    pub fn next_sibling_or_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxElement<'a>> {
-        self.0.next_sibling_or_token().map(SyntaxElement::from)
+    pub fn next_sibling_or_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxElement> {
+        self.0.next_sibling_or_token().map(SyntaxElement::new)
     }
 
-    pub fn prev_sibling_or_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxElement<'a>> {
-        self.0.prev_sibling_or_token().map(SyntaxElement::from)
+    pub fn prev_sibling_or_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxElement> {
+        self.0.prev_sibling_or_token().map(SyntaxElement::new)
     }
 
     pub fn siblings_with_tokens(
         &self,
         direction: Direction,
-    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxElement<'a>> {
-        let me: SyntaxElement = (*self).into();
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxElement> {
+        let me: SyntaxElement = self.clone().into();
         successors(Some(me), move |el| match direction {
             Direction::Next => el.next_sibling_or_token(),
             Direction::Prev => el.prev_sibling_or_token(),
         })
     }
 
-    pub fn next_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxToken<'a>> {
-        self.0.next_token().map(SyntaxToken::from)
+    pub fn next_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxToken> {
+        self.0.next_token().map(SyntaxToken)
     }
 
-    pub fn prev_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxToken<'a>> {
-        self.0.prev_token().map(SyntaxToken::from)
+    pub fn prev_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxToken> {
+        self.0.prev_token().map(SyntaxToken)
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn replace_with(&self, new_token: GreenToken) -> GreenNode {
@@ -459,13 +374,25 @@ impl<'a> SyntaxToken<'a> {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Clone, Copy)]
-pub enum SyntaxElement<'a> {
-    Node(&'a SyntaxNode),
-    Token(SyntaxToken<'a>),
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Clone)]
+pub enum SyntaxElement {
+    Node(SyntaxNode),
+    Token(SyntaxToken),
 }
 
-impl<'a> fmt::Display for SyntaxElement<'a> {
+impl From<SyntaxNode> for SyntaxElement {
+    fn from(node: SyntaxNode) -> Self {
+        SyntaxElement::Node(node)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<SyntaxToken> for SyntaxElement {
+    fn from(token: SyntaxToken) -> Self {
+        SyntaxElement::Token(token)
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for SyntaxElement {
     fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         match self {
             SyntaxElement::Node(it) => fmt::Display::fmt(it, fmt),
@@ -474,7 +401,14 @@ impl<'a> fmt::Display for SyntaxElement<'a> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<'a> SyntaxElement<'a> {
+impl SyntaxElement {
+    pub(crate) fn new(el: rowan::cursor::SyntaxElement) -> Self {
+        match el {
+            rowan::cursor::SyntaxElement::Node(it) => SyntaxElement::Node(SyntaxNode(it)),
+            rowan::cursor::SyntaxElement::Token(it) => SyntaxElement::Token(SyntaxToken(it)),
+        }
+    }
+
     pub fn kind(&self) -> SyntaxKind {
         match self {
             SyntaxElement::Node(it) => it.kind(),
@@ -482,99 +416,74 @@ impl<'a> SyntaxElement<'a> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn as_node(&self) -> Option<&'a SyntaxNode> {
+    pub fn as_node(&self) -> Option<&SyntaxNode> {
         match self {
-            SyntaxElement::Node(node) => Some(*node),
+            SyntaxElement::Node(node) => Some(node),
             SyntaxElement::Token(_) => None,
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn as_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxToken<'a>> {
+    pub fn as_token(&self) -> Option<&SyntaxToken> {
         match self {
             SyntaxElement::Node(_) => None,
-            SyntaxElement::Token(token) => Some(*token),
+            SyntaxElement::Token(token) => Some(token),
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn next_sibling_or_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxElement<'a>> {
+    pub fn next_sibling_or_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxElement> {
         match self {
             SyntaxElement::Node(it) => it.next_sibling_or_token(),
             SyntaxElement::Token(it) => it.next_sibling_or_token(),
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn prev_sibling_or_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxElement<'a>> {
+    pub fn prev_sibling_or_token(&self) -> Option<SyntaxElement> {
         match self {
             SyntaxElement::Node(it) => it.prev_sibling_or_token(),
             SyntaxElement::Token(it) => it.prev_sibling_or_token(),
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn ancestors(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'a SyntaxNode> {
+    pub fn ancestors(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = SyntaxNode> {
         match self {
-            SyntaxElement::Node(it) => it,
+            SyntaxElement::Node(it) => it.clone(),
             SyntaxElement::Token(it) => it.parent(),
         }
         .ancestors()
     }
 
-    fn text_len(&self) -> TextUnit {
+    pub fn range(&self) -> TextRange {
         match self {
-            SyntaxElement::Node(node) => node.0.green().text_len(),
-            SyntaxElement::Token(token) => TextUnit::of_str(token.0.text()),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> From<rowan::SyntaxElement<'a>> for SyntaxElement<'a> {
-    fn from(el: rowan::SyntaxElement<'a>) -> Self {
-        match el {
-            rowan::SyntaxElement::Node(n) => SyntaxElement::Node(SyntaxNode::from_repr(n)),
-            rowan::SyntaxElement::Token(t) => SyntaxElement::Token(t.into()),
+            SyntaxElement::Node(it) => it.range(),
+            SyntaxElement::Token(it) => it.range(),
         }
     }
-}
-
-impl<'a> From<&'a SyntaxNode> for SyntaxElement<'a> {
-    fn from(node: &'a SyntaxNode) -> SyntaxElement<'a> {
-        SyntaxElement::Node(node)
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> From<SyntaxToken<'a>> for SyntaxElement<'a> {
-    fn from(token: SyntaxToken<'a>) -> SyntaxElement<'a> {
-        SyntaxElement::Token(token)
-    }
-}
 
-impl<'a> SyntaxElement<'a> {
-    pub fn range(&self) -> TextRange {
+    fn text_len(&self) -> TextUnit {
         match self {
-            SyntaxElement::Node(it) => it.range(),
-            SyntaxElement::Token(it) => it.range(),
+            SyntaxElement::Node(node) => node.0.green().text_len(),
+            SyntaxElement::Token(token) => TextUnit::of_str(token.0.text()),
         }
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct SyntaxNodeChildren<'a>(rowan::SyntaxNodeChildren<'a>);
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct SyntaxNodeChildren(rowan::cursor::SyntaxNodeChildren);
 
-impl<'a> Iterator for SyntaxNodeChildren<'a> {
-    type Item = &'a SyntaxNode;
-
-    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<&'a SyntaxNode> {
-        self.0.next().map(SyntaxNode::from_repr)
+impl Iterator for SyntaxNodeChildren {
+    type Item = SyntaxNode;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<SyntaxNode> {
+        self.0.next().map(SyntaxNode)
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct SyntaxElementChildren<'a>(rowan::SyntaxElementChildren<'a>);
-
-impl<'a> Iterator for SyntaxElementChildren<'a> {
-    type Item = SyntaxElement<'a>;
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct SyntaxElementChildren(rowan::cursor::SyntaxElementChildren);
 
-    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<SyntaxElement<'a>> {
-        self.0.next().map(SyntaxElement::from)
+impl Iterator for SyntaxElementChildren {
+    type Item = SyntaxElement;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<SyntaxElement> {
+        self.0.next().map(SyntaxElement::new)
     }
 }
 
@@ -601,7 +510,7 @@ impl SyntaxTreeBuilder {
         if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
             crate::validation::validate_block_structure(&node);
         }
-        Parse::new(node, errors)
+        Parse::new(node.0.green().clone(), errors)
     }
 
     pub fn token(&mut self, kind: SyntaxKind, text: SmolStr) {
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/syntax_text.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/syntax_text.rs
index 939f2c02f..6902a04a2 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/syntax_text.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/syntax_text.rs
@@ -16,29 +16,36 @@ impl<'a> SyntaxText<'a> {
         SyntaxText { node, range: node.range() }
     }
 
-    pub fn chunks(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'a str> {
+    pub fn chunks(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = SmolStr> {
         let range = self.range;
         self.node.descendants_with_tokens().filter_map(move |el| match el {
             SyntaxElement::Token(t) => {
                 let text = t.text();
                 let range = range.intersection(&t.range())?;
-                let range = range - t.range().start();
-                Some(&text[range])
+                let res = if range == t.range() {
+                    t.text().clone()
+                } else {
+                    let range = range - t.range().start();
+                    text[range].into()
+                };
+                Some(res)
             }
             SyntaxElement::Node(_) => None,
         })
     }
 
     pub fn push_to(&self, buf: &mut String) {
-        self.chunks().for_each(|it| buf.push_str(it));
+        self.chunks().for_each(|it| buf.push_str(it.as_str()));
     }
 
     pub fn to_string(&self) -> String {
-        self.chunks().collect()
+        let mut buf = String::new();
+        self.push_to(&mut buf);
+        buf
     }
 
     pub fn to_smol_string(&self) -> SmolStr {
-        self.chunks().collect()
+        self.to_string().into()
     }
 
     pub fn contains(&self, c: char) -> bool {
@@ -52,7 +59,7 @@ impl<'a> SyntaxText<'a> {
                 let pos: TextUnit = (pos as u32).into();
                 return Some(acc + pos);
             }
-            acc += TextUnit::of_str(chunk);
+            acc += TextUnit::of_str(chunk.as_str());
         }
         None
     }
@@ -97,7 +104,7 @@ impl<'a> SyntaxText<'a> {
         let mut start: TextUnit = 0.into();
         let offset = offset.into();
         for chunk in self.chunks() {
-            let end = start + TextUnit::of_str(chunk);
+            let end = start + TextUnit::of_str(chunk.as_str());
             if start <= offset && offset < end {
                 let off: usize = u32::from(offset - start) as usize;
                 return Some(chunk[off..].chars().next().unwrap());
@@ -129,7 +136,7 @@ impl From<SyntaxText<'_>> for String {
 impl PartialEq<str> for SyntaxText<'_> {
     fn eq(&self, mut rhs: &str) -> bool {
         for chunk in self.chunks() {
-            if !rhs.starts_with(chunk) {
+            if !rhs.starts_with(chunk.as_str()) {
                 return false;
             }
             rhs = &rhs[chunk.len()..];
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/validation.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/validation.rs
index 87522ec18..7140d10c3 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/validation.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/validation.rs
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ pub(crate) fn validate(file: &SourceFile) -> Vec<SyntaxError> {
             .visit::<ast::Literal, _>(validate_literal)
             .visit::<ast::Block, _>(block::validate_block_node)
             .visit::<ast::FieldExpr, _>(field_expr::validate_field_expr_node)
-            .accept(node);
+            .accept(&node);
     }
     errors
 }
 
 // FIXME: kill duplication
-fn validate_literal(literal: &ast::Literal, acc: &mut Vec<SyntaxError>) {
+fn validate_literal(literal: ast::Literal, acc: &mut Vec<SyntaxError>) {
     let token = literal.token();
     let text = token.text().as_str();
     match token.kind() {
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/validation/block.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/validation/block.rs
index 46650d9b0..f5573bd8f 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/validation/block.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/validation/block.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use crate::{
     SyntaxKind::*,
 };
 
-pub(crate) fn validate_block_node(node: &ast::Block, errors: &mut Vec<SyntaxError>) {
+pub(crate) fn validate_block_node(node: ast::Block, errors: &mut Vec<SyntaxError>) {
     if let Some(parent) = node.syntax().parent() {
         match parent.kind() {
             FN_DEF => return,
diff --git a/crates/ra_syntax/src/validation/field_expr.rs b/crates/ra_syntax/src/validation/field_expr.rs
index d3020edf7..0e18bd9ca 100644
--- a/crates/ra_syntax/src/validation/field_expr.rs
+++ b/crates/ra_syntax/src/validation/field_expr.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use crate::{
     SyntaxErrorKind::*,

 };

 

-pub(crate) fn validate_field_expr_node(node: &ast::FieldExpr, errors: &mut Vec<SyntaxError>) {

+pub(crate) fn validate_field_expr_node(node: ast::FieldExpr, errors: &mut Vec<SyntaxError>) {

     if let Some(FieldKind::Index(idx)) = node.field_access() {

         if idx.text().chars().any(|c| c < '0' || c > '9') {

             errors.push(SyntaxError::new(InvalidTupleIndexFormat, idx.range()));