Merge #5971

5971: Implement async blocks r=flodiebold a=oxalica

Fix #4018

@flodiebold already gave a generic guide in the issue. Here's some concern about implementation detail:
- Chalk doesn't support generator type yet.
- Adding generator type as a brand new type (ctor) can be complex and need to *re-introduced* builtin impls. (Like how we implement closures before native closure support of chalk, which is already removed in #5401 )
- The output type of async block should be known after type inference of the whole body.
  - We cannot directly get the type from source like return-positon-impl-trait. But we still need to provide trait bounds when chalk asking for `opaque_ty_data`.
  - During the inference, the output type of async block can be temporary unknown and participate the later inference.
    `let a = async { None }; let _: i32 = a.await.unwrap();`

So in this PR, the type of async blocks is inferred as an opaque type parameterized by the `Future::Output` type it should be, like what we do with closure type.
And it really works now.

Well, I still have some questions:
- The bounds `AsyncBlockImplType<T>: Future<Output = T>` is currently generated in `opaque_ty_data`. I'm not sure if we should put this code here.
- Type of async block is now rendered as `impl Future<Output = OutputType>`. Do we need to special display to hint that it's a async block? Note that closure type has its special format, instead of `impl Fn(..) -> ..` or function type.



Co-authored-by: oxalica <[email protected]>

2 files changed, 8 insertions, 2 deletions

diff --git a/crates/hir_def/src/body/lower.rs b/crates/hir_def/src/body/lower.rs
index 9ea3d5291..2d91bb21f 100644
--- a/crates/hir_def/src/body/lower.rs
+++ b/crates/hir_def/src/body/lower.rs
@@ -239,7 +239,10 @@ impl ExprCollector<'_> {
                     None => self.missing_expr(),
                 },
                 // FIXME: we need to record these effects somewhere...
-                ast::Effect::Async(_) => self.collect_block_opt(e.block_expr()),
+                ast::Effect::Async(_) => {
+                    let body = self.collect_block_opt(e.block_expr());
+                    self.alloc_expr(Expr::Async { body }, syntax_ptr)
+                }
             },
             ast::Expr::BlockExpr(e) => self.collect_block(e),
             ast::Expr::LoopExpr(e) => {
diff --git a/crates/hir_def/src/expr.rs b/crates/hir_def/src/expr.rs
index dc975d42f..e5d740a36 100644
--- a/crates/hir_def/src/expr.rs
+++ b/crates/hir_def/src/expr.rs
@@ -111,6 +111,9 @@ pub enum Expr {
     TryBlock {
         body: ExprId,
     },
+    Async {
+        body: ExprId,
+    },
     Cast {
         expr: ExprId,
         type_ref: TypeRef,
@@ -250,7 +253,7 @@ impl Expr {
                     f(*expr);
                 }
             }
-            Expr::TryBlock { body } | Expr::Unsafe { body } => f(*body),
+            Expr::TryBlock { body } | Expr::Unsafe { body } | Expr::Async { body } => f(*body),
             Expr::Loop { body, .. } => f(*body),
             Expr::While { condition, body, .. } => {
                 f(*condition);