Merge #6220

6220: implement binary operator overloading type inference r=flodiebold a=ruabmbua

Extend type inference of *binary operator expression*, by adding support for operator overloads.

Before this merge request, the type inference of binary expressions could only resolve operations done on built-in primitive types. This merge requests adds a code path, which is executed in case the built-in inference could not get any results. It resolves the proper operator overload trait in *core::ops* via lang items, and then resolves the associated *Output* type.

```rust
struct V2([f32; 2]);

#[lang = "add"]
pub trait Add<Rhs = Self> {
    /// The resulting type after applying the `+` operator.
    type Output;

    /// Performs the `+` operation.
    #[must_use]
    fn add(self, rhs: Rhs) -> Self::Output;
}

impl Add<V2> for V2 {
    type Output = V2;

    fn add(self, rhs: V2) -> V2 {
        let x = self.0[0] + rhs.0[0];
        let y = self.0[1] + rhs.0[1];
        V2([x, y])
    }
}

fn test() {
    let va = V2([0.0, 1.0]);
    let vb = V2([0.0, 1.0]);

    let r = va + vb; // This infers to V2 now
}
```

There is a problem with operator overloads, which do not explicitly set the *Rhs* type parameter in the respective impl block. 

**Example:**

```rust
impl Add for V2 {
    type Output = V2;

    fn add(self, rhs: V2) -> V2 {
        let x = self.0[0] + rhs.0[0];
        let y = self.0[1] + rhs.0[1];
        V2([x, y])
    }
}
```

In this case, the trait solver does not realize, that the *Rhs* type parameter is actually self in the context of the impl block. This stops type inference in its tracks, and it can not resolve the associated *Output* type.

I guess we can still merge this back, because it increases the amount of resolved types, and does not regress anything (in the tests).

Somewhat blocked by https://github.com/rust-analyzer/rust-analyzer/issues/5685
Resolves  https://github.com/rust-analyzer/rust-analyzer/issues/5544

Co-authored-by: Roland Ruckerbauer <[email protected]>

1 files changed, 23 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/crates/hir_ty/src/infer.rs b/crates/hir_ty/src/infer.rs
index 9a7785c76..644ebd42d 100644
--- a/crates/hir_ty/src/infer.rs
+++ b/crates/hir_ty/src/infer.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use arena::map::ArenaMap;
 use hir_def::{
     body::Body,
     data::{ConstData, FunctionData, StaticData},
-    expr::{BindingAnnotation, ExprId, PatId},
+    expr::{ArithOp, BinaryOp, BindingAnnotation, ExprId, PatId},
     lang_item::LangItemTarget,
     path::{path, Path},
     resolver::{HasResolver, Resolver, TypeNs},
@@ -586,6 +586,28 @@ impl<'a> InferenceContext<'a> {
         self.db.trait_data(trait_).associated_type_by_name(&name![Output])
     }
 
+    fn resolve_binary_op_output(&self, bop: &BinaryOp) -> Option<TypeAliasId> {
+        let lang_item = match bop {
+            BinaryOp::ArithOp(aop) => match aop {
+                ArithOp::Add => "add",
+                ArithOp::Sub => "sub",
+                ArithOp::Mul => "mul",
+                ArithOp::Div => "div",
+                ArithOp::Shl => "shl",
+                ArithOp::Shr => "shr",
+                ArithOp::Rem => "rem",
+                ArithOp::BitXor => "bitxor",
+                ArithOp::BitOr => "bitor",
+                ArithOp::BitAnd => "bitand",
+            },
+            _ => return None,
+        };
+
+        let trait_ = self.resolve_lang_item(lang_item)?.as_trait();
+
+        self.db.trait_data(trait_?).associated_type_by_name(&name![Output])
+    }
+
     fn resolve_boxed_box(&self) -> Option<AdtId> {
         let struct_ = self.resolve_lang_item("owned_box")?.as_struct()?;
         Some(struct_.into())